Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort

From Rosetta Code
Task
Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Gnome sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)


Gnome sort is a sorting algorithm which is similar to Insertion sort, except that moving an element to its proper place is accomplished by a series of swaps, as in Bubble Sort.

The pseudocode for the algorithm is:

function gnomeSort(a[0..size-1])
    i := 1
    j := 2
    while i < size do
        if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
            // for descending sort, use >= for comparison
            i := j
            j := j + 1 
        else
            swap a[i-1] and a[i]
            i := i - 1
            if i = 0 then
                i := j
                j := j + 1
            endif
        endif
    done


Task

Implement the Gnome sort in your language to sort an array (or list) of numbers.

11l

Translation of: Python
F gnomesort(&a)
   V i = 1
   V j = 2
   L i < a.len
      I a[i - 1] <= a[i]
         i = j
         j++
      E
         swap(&a[i - 1], &a[i])
         i--
         I i == 0
            i = j
            j++
   R a

print(gnomesort(&[3, 4, 2, 5, 1, 6]))
Output:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

360 Assembly

*        Gnome sort - Array base 0 - 15/04/2020
GNOME    CSECT
         USING  GNOME,R13          base register
         B      72(R15)            skip savearea
         DC     17F'0'             savearea
         SAVE   (14,12)            save previous context
         ST     R13,4(R15)         link backward
         ST     R15,8(R13)         link forward
         LR     R13,R15            set addressability
         LA     R6,1               i=1
         LA     R7,2               j=2
       DO WHILE=(C,R6,LT,NN)       while i<nn
         LR     R1,R6                i
         SLA    R1,2                 ~
         LA     R8,TT-4(R1)          @tt(i-1)
         LA     R9,TT(R1)            @tt(i)
         L      R2,0(R8)             tt(i-1)
       IF     C,R2,LE,0(R9) THEN     if tt(i-1)<=tt(i) then
         LR     R6,R7                  i=j
         LA     R7,1(R7)               j=j+1
       ELSE     ,                    else
         L      R4,0(R8)               t=tt(i-1)
         L      R3,0(R9)               tt(i)
         ST     R3,0(R8)               tt(i-1)=tt(i)
         ST     R4,0(R9)               tt(i)=t
         BCTR   R6,0                   i=i-1
       IF   LTR,R6,Z,R6 THEN           if i=0 then
         LR     R6,R7                    i=j
         LA     R7,1(R7)                 j=j+1
       ENDIF    ,                      endif
       ENDIF    ,                    endif
       ENDDO    ,                  endwhile
         LA     R10,PG             @buffer
         LA     R7,TT              @tt
         LA     R6,1               i=1
       DO WHILE=(C,R6,LE,NN)       do i=1 to nn
         L      R2,0(R7)             tt(i)
         XDECO  R2,XDEC              edit tt(i)
         MVC    0(5,R10),XDEC+7      output tt(i)
         LA     R10,5(R10)           @buffer
         LA     R7,4(R7)             @tt++
         LA     R6,1(R6)             i++
       ENDDO    ,                  enddo i
         XPRNT  PG,L'PG            print buffer
         L      R13,4(0,R13)       restore previous savearea pointer
         RETURN (14,12),RC=0       restore registers from calling save
TT       DC     F'557',F'5143',F'5432',F'6798',F'2874'
         DC     F'3499',F'6949',F'4992',F'2555',F'4175'
         DC     F'8264',F'3522',F'2045',F'2963',F'2625'
         DC     F'-764',F'1845',F'1485',F'5792',F'7562'
         DC     F'5044',F'3598',F'6817',F'4891',F'4350'
NN       DC     A((NN-TT)/L'TT)    number of items of tt
XDEC     DS     CL12               temp for xdeco
PG       DC     CL125' '           buffer
         REGEQU
         END    GNOME
Output:
 -764  557 1485 1845 2045 2555 2625 2874 2963 3499 3522 3598 4175 4350 4891 4992 5044 5143 5432 5792 6798 6817 6949 7562 8264

AArch64 Assembly

Works with: as version Raspberry Pi 3B version Buster 64 bits
/* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */
/*  program gnomeSort64.s  */
 
/*******************************************/
/* Constantes file                         */
/*******************************************/
/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */
.include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc"

/*********************************/
/* Initialized data              */
/*********************************/
.data
szMessSortOk:       .asciz "Table sorted.\n"
szMessSortNok:      .asciz "Table not sorted !!!!!.\n"
sMessResult:        .asciz "Value  : @ \n"
szCarriageReturn:   .asciz "\n"
 
.align 4
TableNumber:      .quad   1,3,6,2,5,9,10,8,4,7
#TableNumber:     .quad   10,9,8,7,6,-5,4,3,2,1
                 .equ NBELEMENTS, (. - TableNumber) / 8 
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data            */
/*********************************/
.bss
sZoneConv:       .skip 24
/*********************************/
/*  code section                 */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main 
main:                                              // entry of program 
    ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber                         // address number table
    mov x1,0                                       // first element
    mov x2,NBELEMENTS                              // number of élements 
    bl gnomeSort
    ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber                         // address number table
    bl displayTable
 
    ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber                         // address number table
    mov x1,NBELEMENTS                              // number of élements 
    bl isSorted                                    // control sort
    cmp x0,1                                       // sorted ?
    beq 1f                                    
    ldr x0,qAdrszMessSortNok                       // no !! error sort
    bl affichageMess
    b 100f
1:                                                 // yes
    ldr x0,qAdrszMessSortOk
    bl affichageMess
100:                                               // standard end of the program 
    mov x0,0                                       // return code
    mov x8,EXIT                                    // request to exit program
    svc 0                                          // perform the system call
 
qAdrsZoneConv:            .quad sZoneConv
qAdrszCarriageReturn:     .quad szCarriageReturn
qAdrsMessResult:          .quad sMessResult
qAdrTableNumber:          .quad TableNumber
qAdrszMessSortOk:         .quad szMessSortOk
qAdrszMessSortNok:        .quad szMessSortNok
/******************************************************************/
/*     control sorted table                                   */ 
/******************************************************************/
/* x0 contains the address of table */
/* x1 contains the number of elements  > 0  */
/* x0 return 0  if not sorted   1  if sorted */
isSorted:
    stp x2,lr,[sp,-16]!              // save  registers
    stp x3,x4,[sp,-16]!              // save  registers
    mov x2,0
    ldr x4,[x0,x2,lsl 3]
1:
    add x2,x2,1
    cmp x2,x1
    bge 99f
    ldr x3,[x0,x2, lsl 3]
    cmp x3,x4
    blt 98f
    mov x4,x3
    b 1b
98:
    mov x0,0                       // not sorted
    b 100f
99:
    mov x0,1                       // sorted
100:
    ldp x3,x4,[sp],16              // restaur  2 registers
    ldp x2,lr,[sp],16              // restaur  2 registers
    ret                            // return to address lr x30
/******************************************************************/
/*         gnome sort                                              */ 
/******************************************************************/
/* x0 contains the address of table */
/* x1 contains the first element    */
/* x2 contains the number of element */
gnomeSort:
    stp x1,lr,[sp,-16]!        // save  registers
    stp x2,x3,[sp,-16]!        // save  registers
    stp x4,x5,[sp,-16]!        // save  registers
    stp x6,x7,[sp,-16]!        // save  registers
    stp x8,x9,[sp,-16]!        // save  registers
    sub x2,x2,1                // compute end index n - 1
    add x3,x1,1                // index i
    add x7,x1,2                // index j
1:                             // start loop 1
    cmp x3,x2
    bgt 100f
    sub x4,x3,1                // 
    ldr x5,[x0,x3,lsl 3]       // load value A[j]
    ldr x6,[x0,x4,lsl 3]       // load value A[j+1]
    cmp x5,x6                  // compare value
    bge 2f 
    str x6,[x0,x3,lsl 3]       // if smaller inversion
    str x5,[x0,x4,lsl 3] 
    sub x3,x3,1                // i = i - 1
    cmp x3,x1
    bne 1b                     // loop 1
2:
    mov x3,x7                  // i = j
    add x7,x7,1                // j = j + 1
    b 1b                       // loop 1
 
100:
    ldp x8,x9,[sp],16          // restaur  2 registers
    ldp x6,x7,[sp],16          // restaur  2 registers
    ldp x4,x5,[sp],16          // restaur  2 registers
    ldp x2,x3,[sp],16          // restaur  2 registers
    ldp x1,lr,[sp],16          // restaur  2 registers
    ret                        // return to address lr x30
 
/******************************************************************/
/*      Display table elements                                */ 
/******************************************************************/
/* x0 contains the address of table */
displayTable:
    stp x1,lr,[sp,-16]!              // save  registers
    stp x2,x3,[sp,-16]!              // save  registers
    mov x2,x0                        // table address
    mov x3,0
1:                                   // loop display table
    ldr x0,[x2,x3,lsl 3]
    ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv
    bl conversion10S                  // décimal conversion
    ldr x0,qAdrsMessResult
    ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv
    bl strInsertAtCharInc            // insert result at @ character
    bl affichageMess                 // display message
    add x3,x3,1
    cmp x3,NBELEMENTS - 1
    ble 1b
    ldr x0,qAdrszCarriageReturn
    bl affichageMess
    mov x0,x2
100:
    ldp x2,x3,[sp],16               // restaur  2 registers
    ldp x1,lr,[sp],16               // restaur  2 registers
    ret                             // return to address lr x30
/********************************************************/
/*        File Include fonctions                        */
/********************************************************/
/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */
.include "../includeARM64.inc"

Action!

PROC PrintArray(INT ARRAY a INT size)
  INT i

  Put('[)
  FOR i=0 TO size-1
  DO
    IF i>0 THEN Put(' ) FI
    PrintI(a(i))
  OD
  Put(']) PutE()
RETURN

PROC GnomeSort(INT ARRAY a INT size)
  INT i,j,tmp

  i=1 j=2
  WHILE i<size
  DO
    IF a(i-1)<=a(i) THEN
      i=j j==+1
    ELSE
      tmp=a(i-1) a(i-1)=a(i) a(i)=tmp
      i==-1
      IF i=0 THEN
        i=j j==+1
      FI
    FI
  OD
RETURN

PROC Test(INT ARRAY a INT size)
  PrintE("Array before sort:")
  PrintArray(a,size)
  GnomeSort(a,size)
  PrintE("Array after sort:")
  PrintArray(a,size)
  PutE()
RETURN

PROC Main()
  INT ARRAY
    a(10)=[1 4 65535 0 3 7 4 8 20 65530],
    b(21)=[10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
      65535 65534 65533 65532 65531
      65530 65529 65528 65527 65526],
    c(8)=[101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108],
    d(12)=[1 65535 1 65535 1 65535 1
      65535 1 65535 1 65535]
  
  Test(a,10)
  Test(b,21)
  Test(c,8)
  Test(d,12)
RETURN
Output:

Screenshot from Atari 8-bit computer

Array before sort:
[1 4 -1 0 3 7 4 8 20 -6]
Array after sort:
[-6 -1 0 1 3 4 4 7 8 20]

Array before sort:
[10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10]
Array after sort:
[-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10]

Array before sort:
[101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108]
Array after sort:
[101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108]

Array before sort:
[1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1]
Array after sort:
[-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1]

ActionScript

function gnomeSort(array:Array)
{
	var pos:uint = 0;
	while(pos < array.length)
	{
		if(pos == 0 || array[pos] >= array[pos-1])
			pos++;
		else
		{
			var tmp = array[pos];
			array[pos] = array[pos-1];
			array[pos-1] = tmp;
			pos--;
		}
	}
	return array;
}

Ada

This example is a generic procedure for constrained array types.

generic
   type Element_Type is private;
   type Index is (<>);
   type Collection is array(Index) of Element_Type;
   with function "<=" (Left, Right : Element_Type) return Boolean is <>;
procedure Gnome_Sort(Item : in out Collection);
procedure Gnome_Sort(Item : in out Collection) is
   procedure Swap(Left, Right : in out Element_Type) is
      Temp : Element_Type := Left;
   begin
      Left := Right;
      Right := Temp;
   end Swap;
   
   I : Integer := Index'Pos(Index'Succ(Index'First));
   J : Integer := I + 1;
begin
   while I <= Index'Pos(Index'Last) loop
      if Item(Index'Val(I - 1)) <= Item(Index'Val(I)) then
         I := J;
         J := J + 1;
      else
         Swap(Item(Index'Val(I - 1)), Item(Index'Val(I)));
         I := I - 1;
         if I = Index'Pos(Index'First) then
            I := J;
            J := J + 1;
         end if;
      end if;
   end loop;
end Gnome_Sort;

Usage example:

with Gnome_Sort;
with Ada.Text_Io; use Ada.Text_Io;

procedure Gnome_Sort_Test is
   type Index is range 0..9;
   type Buf is array(Index) of Integer;
   procedure Sort is new Gnome_Sort(Integer, Index, Buf);
   A : Buf := (900, 700, 800, 600, 400, 500, 200, 100, 300, 0);
begin
   for I in A'range loop
      Put(Integer'Image(A(I)));
   end loop;
   New_Line;
   Sort(A);
   for I in A'range loop
      Put(Integer'Image(A(I)));
   end loop;
   New_Line;
end Gnome_Sort_Test;

ALGOL 68

Works with: ALGOL 68 version Standard - no extensions to language used
Works with: ALGOL 68G version Any - tested with release mk15-0.8b.fc9.i386
Works with: ELLA ALGOL 68 version Any (with appropriate job cards - tested with release 1.8.8d.fc9.i386
MODE SORTSTRUCT = INT;

PROC inplace gnome sort = (REF[]SORTSTRUCT list)REF[]SORTSTRUCT:
BEGIN
  INT i:=LWB list + 1, j:=LWB list + 2;
  WHILE i <= UPB list DO
    IF list[i-1] <= list[i] THEN
      i := j; j+:=1
    ELSE
      SORTSTRUCT swap = list[i-1]; list[i-1]:= list[i]; list[i]:= swap;
      i-:=1;
      IF i=LWB list THEN i:=j; j+:=1 FI
    FI
  OD;
  list
END;

PROC gnome sort = ([]SORTSTRUCT seq)[]SORTSTRUCT:
  in place gnome sort(LOC[LWB seq: UPB seq]SORTSTRUCT:=seq);

[]SORTSTRUCT unsorted array data = ( -40, 77, 9, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1701 );
print((gnome sort(unsorted array data), new line))

Output:

        -40         +0         +0         +1         +2         +9        +77      +1701

ALGOL W

begin % gnome sort %

    % gnome sorts in-place a, a must have bounds 1 :: size %
    procedure gnomeSort( integer array a ( * ); integer value size ) ;
    begin
        integer i, j;
        i := 2;
        j := 3;
        while i <= size do begin
            if a( i - 1 ) <= a( i ) then begin
                i := j;
                j := j + 1
                end
            else begin
                integer swap;
                swap       := a( i - 1 );
                a( i - 1 ) := a( i     );
                a( i     ) := swap;
                i          := i - 1;
                if i = 1 then begin
                    i := j;
                    j := j + 1
                end if_i_eq_1
            end if_a_i_minus_1_le_a_i__
        end while_i_lt_size
    end gnomeSort ;

    begin % test gnomeSort %
        integer array numbers ( 1 :: 11 );
        integer nPos;
        % constructy an array of integers and sort it %
        nPos := 1;
        for v := 4, 65, 2, 31, 0, 99, 2, 8, 3, 782, 1 do begin
            numbers( nPos ) := v;
            nPos            := nPos + 1
        end for_v ;
        gnomeSort( numbers, 11 );
        % print the sorted array %
        for n := 1 until 11 do writeon( i_w := 1, s_w := 0, " ", numbers( n ) )
    end tests
end.
Output:
 0 1 2 2 3 4 8 31 65 99 782

ARM Assembly

Works with: as version Raspberry Pi
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI  */
/*  program gnomeSort.s  */
 
 /* REMARK 1 : this program use routines in a include file 
   see task Include a file language arm assembly 
   for the routine affichageMess conversion10 
   see at end of this program the instruction include */
/* for constantes see task include a file in arm assembly */
/************************************/
/* Constantes                       */
/************************************/
.include "../constantes.inc"

/*********************************/
/* Initialized data              */
/*********************************/
.data
szMessSortOk:       .asciz "Table sorted.\n"
szMessSortNok:      .asciz "Table not sorted !!!!!.\n"
sMessResult:        .asciz "Value  : @ \n"
szCarriageReturn:   .asciz "\n"
 
.align 4
#TableNumber:      .int   1,3,6,2,5,9,10,8,4,7
TableNumber:       .int   10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1
                   .equ NBELEMENTS, (. - TableNumber) / 4
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data            */
/*********************************/
.bss
sZoneConv:            .skip 24
/*********************************/
/*  code section                 */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main 
main:                                              @ entry of program 
 
    ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber                         @ address number table
    mov r1,#0                                      @ first element
    mov r2,#NBELEMENTS                             @ number of élements 
    bl gnomeSort
    ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber                         @ address number table
    bl displayTable
 
    ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber                         @ address number table
    mov r1,#NBELEMENTS                             @ number of élements 
    bl isSorted                                    @ control sort
    cmp r0,#1                                      @ sorted ?
    beq 1f                                    
    ldr r0,iAdrszMessSortNok                       @ no !! error sort
    bl affichageMess
    b 100f
1:                                                 @ yes
    ldr r0,iAdrszMessSortOk
    bl affichageMess
100:                                               @ standard end of the program 
    mov r0, #0                                     @ return code
    mov r7, #EXIT                                  @ request to exit program
    svc #0                                         @ perform the system call
 
iAdrszCarriageReturn:     .int szCarriageReturn
iAdrsMessResult:          .int sMessResult
iAdrTableNumber:          .int TableNumber
iAdrszMessSortOk:         .int szMessSortOk
iAdrszMessSortNok:        .int szMessSortNok
/******************************************************************/
/*     control sorted table                                   */ 
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of table */
/* r1 contains the number of elements  > 0  */
/* r0 return 0  if not sorted   1  if sorted */
isSorted:
    push {r2-r4,lr}                                    @ save registers
    mov r2,#0
    ldr r4,[r0,r2,lsl #2]
1:
    add r2,#1
    cmp r2,r1
    movge r0,#1
    bge 100f
    ldr r3,[r0,r2, lsl #2]
    cmp r3,r4
    movlt r0,#0
    blt 100f
    mov r4,r3
    b 1b
100:
    pop {r2-r4,lr}
    bx lr                                              @ return 
/******************************************************************/
/*         gnome Sort                                          */ 
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of table */
/* r1 contains the first element    */
/* r2 contains the number of element */
gnomeSort:
    push {r1-r9,lr}           @ save registers
    sub r2,r2,#1              @ compute end index = n - 1
    add r3,r1,#1              @ index i
    add r7,r1,#2              @ j
1:                            @ start loop 1
    cmp r3,r2
    bgt 100f
    sub r4,r3,#1
    ldr r5,[r0,r3,lsl #2]     @ load value A[j]
    ldr r6,[r0,r4,lsl #2]     @ load value A[j-1]
    cmp r5,r6                 @ compare value
    bge 2f
    str r6,[r0,r3,lsl #2]     @ if smaller inversion
    str r5,[r0,r4,lsl #2] 
    sub r3,r3,#1             @ i = i - 1
    cmp r3,r1
    moveq r3,r7               @ if i = 0  i = j
    addeq r7,r7,#1            @ if i = 0  j = j+1
    b 1b                      @ loop 1
2:
    mov r3,r7                 @ i = j
    add r7,r7,#1              @ j = j + 1
    b 1b                      @ loop 1
 
100:
    pop {r1-r9,lr}
    bx lr                                                  @ return 
 
/******************************************************************/
/*      Display table elements                                */ 
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of table */
displayTable:
    push {r0-r3,lr}                                    @ save registers
    mov r2,r0                                          @ table address
    mov r3,#0
1:                                                     @ loop display table
    ldr r0,[r2,r3,lsl #2]
    ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv                               @ 
    bl conversion10S                                    @ décimal conversion 
    ldr r0,iAdrsMessResult
    ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv                               @ insert conversion
    bl strInsertAtCharInc
    bl affichageMess                                   @ display message
    add r3,#1
    cmp r3,#NBELEMENTS - 1
    ble 1b
    ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn
    bl affichageMess
    mov r0,r2
100:
    pop {r0-r3,lr}
    bx lr
iAdrsZoneConv:           .int sZoneConv
/***************************************************/
/*      ROUTINES INCLUDE                           */
/***************************************************/
.include "../affichage.inc"

Arturo

gnomeSort: function [items][
    i: 1
    j: 2
    arr: new items 
    while [i < size arr][
        if? arr\[i-1] =< arr\[i] [
            i: j
            j: j + 1
        ]
        else [
            tmp: arr\[i]
            arr\[i]: arr\[i-1]
            arr\[i-1]: tmp
            
            i: i-1
            if i=0 [
                i: j
                j: j + 1
            ]
        ]
    ]
    return arr
]

print gnomeSort [3 1 2 8 5 7 9 4 6]
Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

AutoHotkey

contributed by Laszlo on the ahk forum

MsgBox % GnomeSort("")
MsgBox % GnomeSort("xxx")
MsgBox % GnomeSort("3,2,1")
MsgBox % GnomeSort("dog,000000,xx,cat,pile,abcde,1,cat,zz,xx,z")

GnomeSort(var) {                         ; SORT COMMA SEPARATED LIST
   StringSplit a, var, `,                ; make array, size = a0
   i := 2, j := 3
   While i <= a0 {                       ; stop when sorted
      u := i-1
      If (a%u% < a%i%)                   ; search for pairs to swap
         i := j, j := j+1
      Else {                             ; swap
         t := a%u%, a%u% := a%i%, a%i% := t
         If (--i = 1)                    ; restart search
            i := j, j++
      }
   }
   Loop % a0                             ; construct string from sorted array
      sorted .= "," . a%A_Index%
   Return SubStr(sorted,2)               ; drop leading comma
}

AWK

AWK arrays can be passed as parameters, but not returned, so they are usually global.

This version includes the mark/resume optimization. It remembers where it was before backing up so that once an item is backed up to its proper place the process resumes from where it was before backing up.

#!/usr/bin/awk -f

BEGIN {
    d[1] = 3.0
    d[2] = 4.0
    d[3] = 1.0
    d[4] = -8.4
    d[5] = 7.2
    d[6] = 4.0
    d[7] = 1.0
    d[8] = 1.2
    showD("Before: ")
    gnomeSortD()
    showD("Sorted: ")
    exit
}

function gnomeSortD(    i) {
    for (i = 2; i <= length(d); i++) {
        if (d[i] < d[i-1]) gnomeSortBackD(i)
    }
}

function gnomeSortBackD(i,     t) {
    for (; i > 1 && d[i] < d[i-1]; i--) {
        t = d[i]
        d[i] = d[i-1]
        d[i-1] = t
    }
}

function showD(p,   i) {
    printf p
    for (i = 1; i <= length(d); i++) {
        printf d[i] " "
    }
    print ""
}

Example output:

Before: 3 4 1 -8.4 7.2 4 1 1.2 
Sorted: -8.4 1 1 1.2 3 4 4 7.2

BASIC

BASIC256

arraybase 1
global array
dim array(15)
a = array[?,]
b = array[?]
for i = a to b
	array[i] = int(rand * 100)
next i

print "unsort ";
for i = a to b
	print rjust(array[i], 4);
next i

call gnomeSort(array)

print chr(10); "  sort ";
for i = a to b
	print rjust(array[i], 4);
next i
end

subroutine gnomeSort (array)
	i = array[?,] + 1
	j = i + 1
	while i <= array[?]
		if array[i - 1] <= array[i] then
			i = j
			j += 1
		else
			temp = array[i - 1]
			array[i - 1] = array[i]
			array[i] = temp
			i -= 1
			if i = array[?,] then
				i = j
				j += 1
			end if
		end if
	end while
end subroutine

BBC BASIC

DEF PROC_GnomeSort1(Size%)
I%=2
J%=2
REPEAT
  IF data%(J%-1) <=data%(J%) THEN
    I%+=1
    J%=I%
  ELSE
    SWAP data%(J%-1),data%(J%)
    J%-=1
    IF J%=1 THEN
       I%+=1
       J%=I%
    ENDIF
  ENDIF
UNTIL I%>Size%
ENDPROC

Chipmunk Basic

Works with: Chipmunk Basic version 3.6.4
Works with: QBasic
Translation of: IS-BASIC
100 RANDOMIZE TIMER
110 DIM array(18)
120 ' Init Array
130 FOR i = 0 TO UBOUND(array)
140   array(i) = INT(RND(1)*98)+1
150 NEXT i
160 PRINT "unsort: "; : GOSUB 200
170 GOSUB 260 : ' gnomeSort
180 PRINT "  sort: "; : GOSUB 200
190 END
200 ' Write Array
210 FOR i = 0 TO UBOUND(array)
220   PRINT array(i);
230 NEXT i
240 PRINT
250 RETURN
260 ' gnomeSort
270   i = 1
280   j = i+1
290   WHILE i <= UBOUND(array)
300     IF array(i-1) <= array(i) THEN
310       i = j : j = j+1
320     ELSE
330       t = array(i-1) : array(i-1) = array(i) : array(i) = t : ' swap
340       i = i-1
350       IF i = 0 THEN i = j : j = j+1
360     ENDIF
370   WEND
380 RETURN

FreeBASIC

Used the task pseudo code as a base

' version 21-10-2016
' compile with: fbc -s console
' for boundry checks on array's compile with: fbc -s console -exx

Sub gnomesort(gnome() As Long)
    ' sort from lower bound to the highter bound
    ' array's can have subscript range from -2147483648 to +2147483647
    Dim As Long lb = LBound(gnome)
    Dim As Long ub = UBound(gnome)
    Dim As Long i = lb +1, j = lb +2

    While i < (ub +1)
        ' replace "<=" with ">=" for downwards sort
        If gnome(i -1) <= gnome(i) Then
            i = j
            j += 1
        Else
            Swap gnome(i -1), gnome(i)
            i -= 1
            If i = lb Then
                i = j
                j += 1
            End If
        End If
    Wend

End Sub

' ------=< MAIN >=------

Dim As Long i, array(-7 To 7)

Dim As Long a = LBound(array), b = UBound(array)

Randomize Timer
For i = a To b : array(i) = i  : Next
For i = a To b ' little shuffle
    Swap array(i), array(Int(Rnd * (b - a +1)) + a)
Next

Print "unsort ";
For i = a To b : Print Using "####"; array(i); : Next : Print
gnomesort(array())  ' sort the array
Print "  sort ";
For i = a To b : Print Using "####"; array(i); : Next : Print

' empty keyboard buffer
While Inkey <> "" : Wend
Print : Print "hit any key to end program"
Sleep
End
Output:
unsort    4  -5   5   1  -3  -1  -2  -6   0   7  -4   6   2  -7   3
  sort   -7  -6  -5  -4  -3  -2  -1   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7

Gambas

Click this link to run this code

Public Sub Main()
Dim siCount As Short
Dim siCounti As Short = 1
Dim siCountj As Short = 2
Dim siToSort As Short[] = [249, 28, 111, 36, 171, 98, 29, 448, 44, 147, 154, 46, 102, 183, 24]

Print "To sort: - ";
GoSub Display

While siCounti < siToSort.Count
  If siToSort[siCounti - 1] <= siToSort[siCounti] Then
    siCounti = siCountj
    Inc siCountj
  Else
    Swap siToSort[siCounti - 1], siToSort[siCounti]
    Dec siCounti
    If siCounti = 0 Then
      siCounti = siCountj
      Inc siCountj
    Endif
  Endif
Wend

Print "Sorted: -  ";
GoSub Display

Return
'--------------------------------------------
Display:

For siCount = 0 To siToSort.Max
  Print Format(Str(siToSort[siCount]), "####");
  If siCount <> siToSort.max Then Print ",";
Next

Print
Return

End

Output:

To sort: -  249,  28, 111,  36, 171,  98,  29, 448,  44, 147, 154,  46, 102, 183,  24
Sorted: -    24,  28,  29,  36,  44,  46,  98, 102, 111, 147, 154, 171, 183, 249, 448

GW-BASIC

Works with: PC-BASIC version any
Works with: BASICA
Works with: Chipmunk Basic
Works with: QBasic
Works with: Just BASIC
100 REM GnomeSrt.bas
110 RANDOMIZE TIMER     'remove it for Just BASIC
120 DIM ARRAY(18)
130 ' Init Array
140 FOR I = 0 TO 18
150   LET ARRAY(I) = INT(RND(1)*98)+1
160 NEXT I
170 PRINT "unsort: "; : GOSUB 210
180 GOSUB 270 : REM gnomeSort
190 PRINT "  sort: "; : GOSUB 210
200 END
210 ' Write Array
220 FOR I = 0 TO 18
230   PRINT ARRAY(I);
240 NEXT I
250 PRINT
260 RETURN
270 ' gnomeSort
280   LET I = 1
290   LET J = I+1
300   WHILE I <= 18
310     IF ARRAY(I-1) <= ARRAY(I) THEN LET I = J : LET J = J+1 : GOTO 330
320     IF ARRAY(I-1) > ARRAY(I) THEN LET T = ARRAY(I-1) : LET ARRAY(I-1) = ARRAY(I) : LET ARRAY(I) = T : LET I = I-1 : IF I = 0 THEN LET I = J : LET J = J+1
330   WEND
340 RETURN

IS-BASIC

100 PROGRAM "GnomeSrt.bas"
110 RANDOMIZE
120 NUMERIC ARRAY(-5 TO 12)
130 CALL INIT(ARRAY)
140 CALL WRITE(ARRAY)
150 CALL GNOMESORT(ARRAY)
160 CALL WRITE(ARRAY)
170 DEF INIT(REF A)
180   FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A)
190     LET A(I)=RND(98)+1
200   NEXT
210 END DEF
220 DEF WRITE(REF A)
230   FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A)
240     PRINT A(I);
250   NEXT
260   PRINT
270 END DEF
280 DEF GNOMESORT(REF A)
290   LET I=LBOUND(A)+1:LET J=I+1
300   DO WHILE I<=UBOUND(A)
310     IF A(I-1)<=A(I) THEN
320       LET I=J:LET J=J+1
330     ELSE
340       LET T=A(I-1):LET A(I-1)=A(I):LET A(I)=T
350       LET I=I-1
360       IF I=LBOUND(A) THEN LET I=J:LET J=J+1
370     END IF
380   LOOP
390 END DEF

MSX Basic

Works with: MSX BASIC version any
Works with: Chipmunk Basic
Works with: GW-BASIC
Works with: QBasic
Translation of: GW-BASIC
100 CLS
110 U = 8
120 DIM A(U+1)
130 FOR I = 0 TO U
140   A(I) = INT(RND(1)*98)
150 NEXT I
160 PRINT "unsort: "; : GOSUB 200
170 GOSUB 260 : REM gnomeSort
180 PRINT "  sort: "; : GOSUB 200
190 END
200 REM Write Array
210 FOR I = 0 TO U
220   PRINT A(I);
230 NEXT I
240 PRINT
250 RETURN
260 REM gnomeSort
270  I = 1
280  J = I+1
290  IF I <= U THEN IF A(I-1) <= A(I) THEN I = J : J = J+1 : GOTO 290
300  IF I > U THEN RETURN
310  IF A(I-1) > A(I) THEN T = A(I-1) : A(I-1) = A(I) : A(I) = T : I = I-1 : IF I = 0 THEN I = J : J = J+1
320  GOTO 290

Minimal BASIC

10 REM Rosetta Code problem: https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Gnome_sort
20 REM by Jjuanhdez, 10/2023
100 RANDOMIZE
110 LET U = 8
120 DIM A(9)
130 FOR I = 0 TO U
140   LET A(I) = INT(RND*98)
150 NEXT I
160 PRINT "UNSORT: ";
170 GOSUB 220
180 GOSUB 280
190 PRINT "  SORT: ";
200 GOSUB 220
210 STOP
220 REM WRITE ARRAY
230 FOR I = 0 TO U
240   PRINT A(I);
250 NEXT I
260 PRINT
270 RETURN
280 REM GNOMESORT
290  LET I = 1
300  LET J = I+1
310  IF I <= U THEN 350
320  IF I > U THEN 190
330  IF A(I-1) > A(I) THEN 400
340 GOTO 310
350 IF A(I-1) <= A(I) THEN 370
360 GOTO 320
370 LET I = J
380 LET J = J+1
390 GOTO 310
400 LET T = A(I-1)
410 LET A(I-1) = A(I)
420 LET A(I) = T
430 LET I = I-1
440 IF I = 0 THEN 460
450 GOTO 310
460 LET I = J
470 LET J = J+1
480 GOTO 310
490 END
Output:
UNSORT:  9  86  63  25  19  57  3  39  75
  SORT:  3  9  19  25  39  57  63  75  86

PowerBASIC

The BASIC example will work as-is if the array is declared in the same function as the sort. This example doesn't require that, but forces you to know your data type beforehand.

SUB gnomeSort (a() AS LONG)
    DIM i AS LONG, j AS LONG
    i = 1
    j = 2
    WHILE (i < UBOUND(a) + 1)
        IF (a(i - 1) <= a(i)) THEN
            i = j
            INCR j
        ELSE
            SWAP a(i - 1), a(i)
            DECR i
            IF 0 = i THEN
                i = j
                INCR j
            END IF
        END IF
    WEND
END SUB

FUNCTION PBMAIN () AS LONG
    DIM n(9) AS LONG, x AS LONG
    RANDOMIZE TIMER
    OPEN "output.txt" FOR OUTPUT AS 1
    FOR x = 0 TO 9
        n(x) = INT(RND * 9999)
        PRINT #1, n(x); ",";
    NEXT
    PRINT #1,
    gnomeSort n()
    FOR x = 0 TO 9
        PRINT #1, n(x); ",";
    NEXT
    CLOSE 1
END FUNCTION

Sample output:

7426 , 7887 , 8297 , 2671 , 7586 , 7160 , 1195 , 665 , 9352 , 6199 ,
665 , 1195 , 2671 , 6199 , 7160 , 7426 , 7586 , 7887 , 8297 , 9352 ,

PureBasic

Procedure GnomeSort(Array a(1))
  Protected Size = ArraySize(a()) + 1
  Protected i = 1, j = 2
   
  While i < Size
    If a(i - 1) <= a(i)
      ;for descending SORT, use >= for comparison
      i = j
      j + 1 
    Else
      Swap a(i - 1), a(i)
      i - 1
      If i = 0
        i = j
        j + 1
      EndIf
    EndIf
  Wend
EndProcedure

QBasic

Translation of: IS-BASIC
Works with: QBasic version 1.1
Works with: QuickBasic version 4.5
Works with: VB-DOS version 1.0
Works with: QB64 version 1.1
Works with: PDS version 7.1
Works with: True BASIC
RANDOMIZE TIMER 'RANDOMIZE for True BASIC
DIM array(-5 TO 12)
CALL iniciarray(array())
PRINT "unsort: ";
CALL escritura(array())
CALL gnomeSort(array())
PRINT
PRINT "  sort: ";
CALL escritura(array())
END

SUB escritura (array())
    FOR i = LBOUND(array) TO UBOUND(array)
        PRINT array(i);
    NEXT i
    PRINT
END SUB

SUB gnomeSort (array())
    LET i = LBOUND(array) + 1
    LET j = i + 1
    DO WHILE i <= UBOUND(array)
       IF array(i - 1) <= array(i) THEN
          LET i = j
          LET j = j + 1
       ELSE
          LET T = array(i - 1)
          LET array(i - 1) = array(i)
          LET array(i) = T
          LET i = i - 1
          IF i = LBOUND(array) THEN
             LET i = j
             LET j = j + 1
          END IF
       END IF
    LOOP
END SUB

SUB iniciarray (array())
    FOR i = LBOUND(array) TO UBOUND(array)
        LET array(i) = (RND * 98) + 1
    NEXT i
END SUB

QuickBasic

Works with: QBasic version 1.1
Works with: QuickBasic version 4.5
Translation of: C
dim a(0 to n-1) as integer
'...more code...
sort:
i = 1
j = 2

while(i < ubound(a) - lbound(a)) 
  if a(i-1) <= a(i) then
    i = j
    j = j + 1
  else 
    swap a(i-1), a(i)
    i = i - 1
    if i = 0 then
       i = j
       j = j + 1
    end if
  end if
wend

Quite BASIC

Translation of: Minimal BASIC
100 CLS
110 LET U = 8
120 ARRAY A
130 FOR I = 0 TO U
140   LET A(I) = INT(RAND(1)*98)
150 NEXT I
160 PRINT "UNSORT: ";
170 GOSUB 220
180 GOSUB 280
190 PRINT "  SORT: ";
200 GOSUB 220
210 STOP
220 REM WRITE ARRAY
230 FOR I = 0 TO U
240   PRINT A(I); " ";
250 NEXT I
260 PRINT
270 RETURN
280 REM GNOMESORT
290  LET I = 1
300  LET J = I+1
310  IF I <= U THEN 350
320  IF I > U THEN 190
330  IF A(I-1) > A(I) THEN 400
340 GOTO 310
350 IF A(I-1) <= A(I) THEN 370
360 GOTO 320
370 LET I = J
380 LET J = J+1
390 GOTO 310
400 LET T = A(I-1)
410 LET A(I-1) = A(I)
420 LET A(I) = T
430 LET I = I-1
440 IF I = 0 THEN 460
450 GOTO 310
460 LET I = J
470 LET J = J+1
480 GOTO 310
490 END
Output:
Same as Minimal BASIC entry.

Run BASIC

Works with: Just BASIC
Works with: Liberty BASIC
  dim A(18)
[initArray]
  for i = 0 to 18
    A(i) = int(rnd(1)*98)+1
  next i
  print "unsort: ";
  gosub [writeArray]
  gosub [gnomeSort]
  print "  sort: ";
  gosub [writeArray]
  end

[writeArray]
  for i = 0 to 18
   print A(i); " ";
  next i
  print
  return

[gnomeSort]
  i = 1
  j = i+1
  while i <= 18
    if A(i-1) <= A(i) then
      i = j
      j = j+1
    else
      t = A(i-1) : A(i-1) = A(i) : A(i) = t
      i = i-1
      if i = 0 then i = j : j = j+1
    end if
  wend
  return

TI-83 BASIC

Store input into L1, run prgmSORTGNOM, output will be in L2.

:1→P
:L1→L2
:While P<dim(L2)
:If PP=1
:Then
:P+1→P
:Else
:If L2(P)≥L2(P-1)
:Then
:P+1→P
:Else
:L2(P)→Q
:L2(P-1)→L2(P)
:Q→L2(P-1)
:P-1→P
:End
:End
:End
:If L2(dim(L2))<L2(dim(L2)-1)
:Then
:L2(dim(L2))→Q
:L2(dim(L2)-1)→L2(dim(L2))
:Q→L2(dim(L2)-1)
:End
:DelVar P
:DelVar Q
:Return

True BASIC

Translation of: IS-BASIC
Works with: QBasic
RANDOMIZE                         !RAMDOMIZE TIMER en QBASIC
DIM array(-5 TO 12)
CALL iniciarray(array())
PRINT "unsort: ";
CALL escritura(array())
CALL gnomeSort(array())
PRINT
PRINT "  sort: ";
CALL escritura(array())
END

SUB escritura (array())
    FOR i = LBOUND(array) TO UBOUND(array)
        PRINT array(i);
    NEXT i
    PRINT
END SUB

SUB gnomeSort (array())
    LET i = LBOUND(array) + 1
    LET j = i + 1
    DO WHILE i <= UBOUND(array)
       IF array(i - 1) <= array(i) THEN
          LET i = j
          LET j = j + 1
       ELSE
          LET T = array(i - 1)
          LET array(i - 1) = array(i)
          LET array(i) = T
          LET i = i - 1
          IF i = LBOUND(array) THEN
             LET i = j
             LET j = j + 1
          END IF
       END IF
    LOOP
END SUB

SUB iniciarray (array())
    FOR i = LBOUND(array) TO UBOUND(array)
        LET array(i) = (RND * 98) + 1
    NEXT i
END SUB

uBasic/4tH

PRINT "Gnome sort:"
  n = FUNC (_InitArray)
  PROC _ShowArray (n)
  PROC _Gnomesort (n)
  PROC _ShowArray (n)
PRINT
 
END


_Gnomesort PARAM (1)                   ' Gnome sort
  LOCAL (2)
  b@=1
  c@=2

  DO WHILE b@ < a@
    IF @(b@-1) > @(b@) THEN
      PROC _Swap (b@, b@-1)
      b@ = b@ - 1
      IF b@ THEN
        CONTINUE
      ENDIF
    ENDIF
    b@ = c@
    c@ = c@ + 1
  LOOP
RETURN 
 

_Swap PARAM(2)                         ' Swap two array elements
  PUSH @(a@)
  @(a@) = @(b@)
  @(b@) = POP()
RETURN
 
 
_InitArray                             ' Init example array
  PUSH 4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1
 
  FOR i = 0 TO 9
    @(i) = POP()
  NEXT
 
RETURN (i)
 
 
_ShowArray PARAM (1)                   ' Show array subroutine
  FOR i = 0 TO a@-1
    PRINT @(i),
  NEXT
 
  PRINT
RETURN

VBA

Translation of: Phix
Private Function gnomeSort(s As Variant) As Variant
    Dim i As Integer: i = 1
    Dim j As Integer: j = 2
    Dim tmp As Integer
    Do While i < UBound(s)
        If s(i) <= s(i + 1) Then
            i = j
            j = j + 1
        Else
            tmp = s(i)
            s(i) = s(i + 1)
            s(i + 1) = tmp
            i = i - 1
            If i = 0 Then
                i = j
                j = j + 1
            End If
        End If
    Loop
    gnomeSort = s
End Function
 
Public Sub main()
    Debug.Print Join(gnomeSort([{5, 3, 1, 7, 4, 1, 1, 20}]), ", ")
End Sub
Output:
1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 20

Yabasic

dim array(15)
a = 0
b = arraysize(array(),1)

print "unsort: ";
for i = a to b
    array(i) = int(ran(98))+1
    print array(i), " ";
next i
print "\n  sort: ";

gnomeSort(array())

for i = a to b
    print array(i), " ";
next i
print "\n"
end

sub gnomeSort(array())
    local ub, ul, i, j, temp
	
	lb = 0 : ub = arraysize(array(),1) 
	i = lb +1 : j = lb +2

	while i <= ub
		// replace "<=" with ">=" for downwards sort
		if array(i -1) <= array(i) then
			i = j
			j = j + 1
		else
			temp = array(i -1)
			array(i -1) = array(i)
			array(i) = temp
			i = i - 1
			if i = lb then
				i = j
				j = j + 1
			fi
		fi
	wend
end sub

Batch File

Works with: Windows NT
@ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL EnableExtensions EnableDelayedExpansion
:: GnomeSort.cmd in WinNT Batch using pseudo array.
:: Set the number of random elements to sort.
SET numElements=100
:: Decrement numElements for use in zero-based loops as in (0, 1, %numElements% - 1).
SET /A tmpElements=%numElements% - 1

:: Create array of random numbers and output to file.
ECHO GnomeSort Random Input 0 to %tmpElements%:>%~n0.txt
FOR /L %%X IN (0, 1, %tmpElements%) DO (
	SET array[%%X]=!RANDOM!
	ECHO !array[%%X]!>>%~n0.txt
)

:GnomeSort
:: Initialize the pointers i-1, i, and j.
SET gs1=0
SET gs2=1
SET gs3=2
:GS_Loop
:: Implementing a WHILE loop in WinNT batch using GOTO. It only executes
:: if the condition is true and continues until the condition is false.
:: First, display [i-1][j - 2] to the Title Bar.
SET /A gsTmp=%gs3% - 2
TITLE GnomeSort:[%gs1%][%gsTmp%] of %tmpElements%
:: ...then start Main Loop. It's a direct implementation of the
:: pseudo code supplied by Rosetta Code. I had to add an additional
:: pointer to represent i-1, because of limitations in WinNT Batch.
IF %gs2% LSS %numElements% (
	REM if i-1 <= i advance pointers to next unchecked element, then loop.
	IF !array[%gs1%]! LEQ !array[%gs2%]! (
		SET /A gs1=%gs3% - 1
		SET /A gs2=%gs3%
		SET /A gs3=%gs3% + 1
	) ELSE (
	REM ... else swap i-1 and i, decrement pointers to check previous element, then loop.
		SET gsTmp=!array[%gs1%]!
		SET array[%gs1%]=!array[%gs2%]!
		SET array[%gs2%]=!gsTmp!
		SET /A gs1-=1
		SET /A gs2-=1
		REM if first element has been reached, set pointers to next unchecked element.
		IF !gs2! EQU 0 (
			SET /A gs1=%gs3% - 1
			SET /A gs2=%gs3%
			SET /A gs3=%gs3% + 1
		)
	)
	GOTO :GS_Loop
)
TITLE GnomeSort:[%gs1%][%gsTmp%] - Done!

:: write sorted elements out to file
ECHO.>>%~n0.txt
ECHO GnomeSort Sorted Output 0 to %tmpElements%:>>%~n0.txt
FOR /L %%X IN (0, 1, %tmpElements%) DO ECHO !array[%%X]!>>%~n0.txt

ENDLOCAL
EXIT /B 0

BCPL

get "libhdr"

let gnomesort(A, len) be 
$(  let i=1 and j=2 and t=?
    while i < len
        test A!(i-1) <= A!i
        $(  i := j
            j := j + 1
        $)
        or
        $(  t := A!(i-1)
            A!(i-1) := a!i 
            A!i := t
            i := i - 1
            if i = 0 
            $(  i := j
                j := j + 1
            $)
        $)
$)

let writearray(A, len) be
    for i=0 to len-1 do
        writed(A!i, 6)

let start() be
$(  let array = table 52, -5, -20, 199, 65, -3, 190, 25, 9999, -5342
    let length = 10
    
    writes("Input:  ") ; writearray(array, length) ; wrch('*N')
    gnomesort(array, length)
    writes("Output: ") ; writearray(array, length) ; wrch('*N')
$)
Output:
Input:      52    -5   -20   199    65    -3   190    25  9999 -5342
Output:  -5342   -20    -5    -3    25    52    65   190   199  9999

C

This algorithm sorts in place modifying the passed array (of n integer numbers).

void gnome_sort(int *a, int n)
{
  int i=1, j=2, t;
# define swap(i, j) { t = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = t; } 
  while(i < n) {
    if (a[i - 1] > a[i]) {
      swap(i - 1, i);
      if (--i) continue;
    }
    i = j++;
  }
# undef swap
}

C#

        public static void gnomeSort(int[] anArray)
        {
            int first = 1;
            int second = 2;

            while (first < anArray.Length)
            {
                if (anArray[first - 1] <= anArray[first])
                {
                    first = second;
                    second++;
                }
                else
                {
                    int tmp = anArray[first - 1];
                    anArray[first - 1] = anArray[first];
                    anArray[first] = tmp;
                    first -= 1;
                    if (first == 0)
                    {
                        first = 1;
                        second = 2;
                    }
                }
                
            }
        }

C++

Uses C++11. Compile with

g++ -std=c++11 gnome.cpp
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <iostream>

template<typename RandomAccessIterator>
void gnome_sort(RandomAccessIterator begin, RandomAccessIterator end) {
  auto i = begin + 1;
  auto j = begin + 2;
 
  while (i < end) {
    if (!(*i < *(i - 1))) {
      i = j;
      ++j;
    } else {
      std::iter_swap(i - 1, i);
      --i;
      if (i == begin) {
        i = j;
        ++j;
      }
    }
  }
}

int main() {
  int a[] = {100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199};
  gnome_sort(std::begin(a), std::end(a));
  copy(std::begin(a), std::end(a), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
  std::cout << "\n";
}

Output:

-199 -52 2 3 33 56 99 100 177 200

Clojure

Translation of: Haskell
(defn gnomesort
  ([c] (gnomesort c <))
  ([c pred]
     (loop [x [] [y1 & ys :as y] (seq c)]
       (cond (empty? y) x
             (empty? x) (recur (list y1) ys)
             true (let [zx (last x)]
                    (if (pred y1 zx)
                      (recur (butlast x) (concat (list y1 zx) ys))
                      (recur (concat x (list y1)) ys)))))))

(println (gnomesort [3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5]))

COBOL

Procedure division stuff only.

       C-SORT SECTION.
       C-000.
           DISPLAY "SORT STARTING".

           SET WB-IX-1 TO 2.
           MOVE 1 TO WC-NEXT-POSN.

           PERFORM E-GNOME UNTIL WC-NEXT-POSN > WC-SIZE.

           DISPLAY "SORT FINISHED".

       C-999.
           EXIT.

       E-GNOME SECTION.
       E-000.
           IF WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 - 1) NOT > WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1)
              ADD 1       TO WC-NEXT-POSN
              SET WB-IX-1 TO WC-NEXT-POSN
           ELSE
              MOVE WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 - 1) TO WC-TEMP
              MOVE WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1)     TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 - 1)
              MOVE WC-TEMP               TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1)
              SET WB-IX-1                DOWN BY 1
              IF WB-IX-1 = 1
                 ADD 1       TO WC-NEXT-POSN
                 SET WB-IX-1 TO WC-NEXT-POSN.

       E-999.
           EXIT.

Common Lisp

(defun gnome-sort (array predicate &aux (length (length array)))
  (do ((position (min 1 length)))
      ((eql length position) array)
    (cond
     ((eql 0 position)
      (incf position))
     ((funcall predicate
               (aref array position)
               (aref array (1- position)))
      (rotatef (aref array position)
               (aref array (1- position)))
      (decf position))
     (t (incf position)))))

D

import std.stdio, std.algorithm;

void gnomeSort(T)(T arr) {
    int i = 1, j = 2;
    while (i < arr.length) {
        if (arr[i-1] <= arr[i]) {
            i = j;
            j++;
        } else {
            swap(arr[i-1], arr[i]);
            i--;
            if (i == 0) {
                i = j;
                j++;
            }
        }
    }
}

void main() {
    auto a = [3,4,2,5,1,6];
    gnomeSort(a);
    writeln(a);
}

Delphi

Dynamic array is a 0-based array of variable length

Static array is an arbitrary-based array of fixed length

program TestGnomeSort;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

{.$DEFINE DYNARRAY}  // remove '.' to compile with dynamic array

type
  TItem = Integer;   // declare ordinal type for array item
{$IFDEF DYNARRAY}
  TArray = array of TItem;          // dynamic array
{$ELSE}
  TArray = array[0..15] of TItem;   // static array
{$ENDIF}

procedure GnomeSort(var A: TArray);
var
  Item: TItem;
  I, J: Integer;

begin
  I:= Low(A) + 1;
  J:= Low(A) + 2;
  while I <= High(A) do begin
    if A[I - 1] <= A[I] then begin
      I:= J;
      J:= J + 1;
    end
    else begin
      Item:= A[I - 1];
      A[I - 1]:= A[I];
      A[I]:= Item;
      I:= I - 1;
      if I = Low(A) then begin
        I:= J;
        J:= J + 1;
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;

var
  A: TArray;
  I: Integer;

begin
{$IFDEF DYNARRAY}
  SetLength(A, 16);
{$ENDIF}
  for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do
    A[I]:= Random(100);
  for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do
    Write(A[I]:3);
  Writeln;
  GnomeSort(A);
  for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do
    Write(A[I]:3);
  Writeln;
  Readln;
end.

Output:

  0  3 86 20 27 67 31 16 37 42  8 47  7 84  5 29
  0  3  5  7  8 16 20 27 29 31 37 42 47 67 84 86

DWScript

procedure GnomeSort(a : array of Integer);
var
   i, j : Integer;
begin
   i := 1;
   j := 2;
   while i < a.Length do begin
      if a[i-1] <= a[i] then begin
         i := j;
         j := j + 1;
      end else begin
         a.Swap(i-1, i);
         i := i - 1;
         if i = 0 then begin
            i := j;
            j := j + 1;
         end;
      end;
   end;
end;

var i : Integer;
var a := new Integer[16];

Print('{');
for i := 0 to a.High do begin
   a[i] := i xor 5;
   Print(Format('%3d ', [a[i]]));
end;
PrintLn('}');

GnomeSort(a);

Print('{');
for i := 0 to a.High do
   Print(Format('%3d ', [a[i]]));
PrintLn('}');

Ouput :

{  5   4   7   6   1   0   3   2  13  12  15  14   9   8  11  10 }
{  0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15 }

E

def gnomeSort(array) {
    var size := array.size()
    var i := 1
    var j := 2
    while (i < size) {
        if (array[i-1] <= array[i]) {
            i := j
            j += 1
        } else {
            def t := array[i-1]
            array[i-1] := array[i]
            array[i] := t
            i -= 1
            if (i <=> 0) {
                i := j
                j += 1
            }
        }
    }
}
? def a := [7,9,4,2,1,3,6,5,0,8].diverge()
# value: [7, 9, 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5, 0, 8].diverge()

? gnomeSort(a)
? a
# value: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].diverge()

EasyLang

Translation of: Lua
proc sort . d[] .
   i = 2
   j = 3
   while i <= len d[]
      if d[i - 1] <= d[i]
         i = j
         j += 1
      else
         swap d[i - 1] d[i]
         i -= 1
         if i = 1
            i = j
            j += 1
         .
      .
   .
.
data[] = [ 29 4 72 44 55 26 27 77 92 5 ]
sort data[]
print data[]

EDSAC order code

This code conforms to the original description of gnome sort, in which it's assumed that the gnome can't remember anything and has to move one step at a time (cf. the alternative name "stupid sort"). As pointed out on the Discussion page, the RC task description introduces an optimization that credits the gnome with a memory. The sample array is copied from the Scheme solution.

[Gnome sort - Rosetta Code
 EDSAC program (Initial Orders 2) to read and sort an array
   of 17-bit integers, using gnome sort.
 Values are read from tape, preceded by an integer count.]

      [Arrange the storage]
          T45K P100F      [H parameter: library subroutine R4 to read integer]
          T46K P200F      [N parameter: modified library s/r P7 to print integer]
          T47K P300F      [M parameter: main routine]
          T51K P500F      [G parameter: subroutine for gnome sort]
          T55K P700F      [V parameter: storage for values]

[Library subroutine M3, runs at load time and is then overwritten.
 Prints header; here, last character sets teleprinter to figures.]
          PF GK IF AF RD LF UF OF E@ A6F G@ E8F EZ PF
      *BEFORE!AND!AFTER@&#..PZ

[======== G parameter: Subroutine to sort an array by gnome sort ========]
[Input:  0F = A order for array{0}
         1F = length of array, in address field
 Output: Array is sorted]

[This code conforms to the original description of gnome sort, in which it's
   assumed that the gnome can't remember anything and has to move one step
   at a time (cf. the alternative name "stupid sort").
 The gnome's position is defined by an A order which refers to that position,
   and which is indicated below by an arrow.
 The code could easily be modified to use 35-bit integers.]
          E25K TG GK
          A3F T41@        [plant return link as usual]
          AF U21@         [initialize gnome's position to start of array]
          A1F T44@        [store A order for exclusive end of array]
       [Here the gnome moves one step forward]
    [6]   T45@            [clear acc]
          A21@ A2F T21@   [inc address in the defining A order]
       [Loop. Assume here with acc = 0.]
       [The gnome considers his position]
   [10]   A21@            [acc := A order for position]
          S44@            [is he at the end?]
          E41@            [if so, jump to exit with acc = 0]
          T45@            [clear acc]
          AF              [load A order for start]
          S21@            [is he at the start?]
          E6@             [if so, jump to move 1 step forward]
       [Gnome isn't at start or end, so he has to compare values]
          T45@            [clear acc]
          A21@            [load A order for gnome's psotion]
          A42@            [convert to S order for previous position]
          T22@            [plant S order]
   [21]   AF              [<============ this planted A order defines the gnome's position]
   [22]   SF              [(planted) acc := (current value) - (previous value)]
          E6@             [if current >= previous then jump to move 1 step forward]
       [Here the gnome must swap the values and move 1 step backward]
          T45@            [clear acc]
          A21@ U34@       [plant copy of defining A order]
          S2F U36@        [plant A order for gnome's new position]
          U21@            [also update defining A order]
          A43@ U39@       [plant T order for new position]
          A2F T37@        [plant T order for old position]
   [34]   AF              [(planted) acc := array{i}]
          T45@            [copy array{i} to temp store]
   [36]   AF              [(planted) acc := array{i-1}]
   [37]   TF              [(planted) copy to array{i}]
          A45@            [acc := old array{i}]
   [39]   TF              [(planted) copy to array{i-1}]
          E10@            [loop back (always, since acc = 0)]
   [41]   ZF              [(planted) jump back to caller]
   [42]   K4095F          [add to A order to make S order with adderss 1 less]
   [43]   OF              [add to A order to make T order with same address]
   [44]   AV              [A order for exclusive end of array]
   [45]   PF              [(1) dump to clear accumulator (2) temporary for swapping]

[====================== M parameter: Main routine ======================]
          E25K TM GK
    [0]   PF              [data count]
    [1]   PF              [negative loop counter]
    [2]   TV              [order to store acc in array{0}]
    [3]   AV              [order to load acc from array{0}]
    [4]   AV              [A order for end of array
    [5]   !F              [space]
    [6]   @F              [carriage return]
    [7]   &F              [linefeed]
[Entry]
    [8]   A2@ T21@        [initialize order to store value]
          A10@ GH         [call library subroutine R4, sets 0D := data count N]
       [One way of looping a given number of times: use a negative counter]
       [(Wilkes, Wheeler & Gill, 1951 edition, pp.164-5)]
          AF              [acc := data count, assumed to fit into 17 bits]
          LD T@           [shift count into address field, and store it]
          S@              [acc := negative count]
          E38@            [exit if count = 0]
   [17]   T1@             [update negative loop counter]
          A18@ GH         [call library subroutine R4, 0D := next value]
          AF              [acc := value. assumed to fit into 17 bits]
   [21]   TF              [store value in array]
          A21@ A2F T21@   [increment address in store order]
          A1@ A2F         [increment negative loop counter]
          G17@            [loop back if still < 0]
          A28@ G39@       [print values]
          A3@ TF          [pass A order for array{0} to gnome sort]
          A@ T1F          [pass count to gnome sort]
          A34@ GG         [call gnome sort]
          A36@ G39@       [print values again]
   [38]   ZF              [halt the machine]

[------ Subroutine of main routine, to print the array -------]
   [39]   A3F T60@
          A3@ U49@        [initialize load order]
       [Another way of looping a given number of times: use a variable order]
       [as a counter (Wilkes, Wheeler & Gill, 1951 edition, p.166)]
          A@ T4@          [make and plant A order for end of array]
          E48@            [don't print a space the first time]
   [46]   O5@ TF          [print space, clear acc]
   [48]   TD              [clear whole of 0D including sandwich bit]
   [49]   AV              [(planted) load value from array <------ order used as counter]
          TF              [to 0F, so 0D = value extended to 35 bits]
          A51@ GN         [print value]
          A49@ A2F U49@   [update load order]
          S4@ G46@        [test for done, loop back if not]
          O6@ O7@         [print CR, LF]
   [60]   EF              [(planted) jump back to caller woth acc = 0]
[The next 3 lines put the entry address into location 50,
 so that it can be accessed via the X parameter (see end of program).]
          T50K
          P8@
          T8Z

[================== H parameter: Library subroutine R4 ==================]
[Input of one signed integer, returned in 0D.
 22 locations.]
          E25K TH GK
          GKA3FT21@T4DH6@E11@P5DJFT6FVDL4FA4DTDI4FA4FS5@G7@S5@G20@SDTDT6FEF

[================== N parameter: Library subroutine P7 ==================]
[Library subroutine P7: print strictly positive integer in 0D.
 Patched to print left-justified (no-op instead of order to print space)
 35 locations, even address]
          E25K TN GK
          GKA3FT26@H28#@NDYFLDT4DS27@TFH8@S8@T1FV4DAFG31@SFLDUFOFFFSF
          L4FT4DA1FA27@G11@T28#ZPFT27ZP1024FP610D@524D!FXFSFL8FE22@

[==========================================================================]
[On the original EDSAC, the following (without the whitespace and comments)
 might have been input on a separate tape.]

          E25K TX GK
          EZ              [define entry point]
          PF              [acc = 0 on entry]

[Counts and data values to be read by library subroutine R4.
 Note that sign comes *after* value.]
16+ 98+36+2+78+5+81+32+90+73+21+94+28+53+25+10+99+
Output:
BEFORE AND AFTER
98 36 2 78 5 81 32 90 73 21 94 28 53 25 10 99
2 5 10 21 25 28 32 36 53 73 78 81 90 94 98 99

Eiffel

class
	GNOME_SORT [G -> COMPARABLE]

feature

	sort (ar: ARRAY [G]): ARRAY [G]
			-- Sorted array in ascending order.
		require
			array_not_void: ar /= Void
		local
			i, j: INTEGER
			ith: G
		do
			create Result.make_empty
			Result.deep_copy (ar)
			from
				i := 2
				j := 3
			until
				i > Result.count
			loop
				if Result [i - 1] <= Result [i] then
					i := j
					j := j + 1
				else
					ith := Result [i - 1]
					Result [i - 1] := Result [i]
					Result [i] := ith
					i := i - 1
					if i = 1 then
						i := j
						j := j + 1
					end
				end
			end
		ensure
			Same_length: ar.count = Result.count
			Result_is_sorted: is_sorted (Result)
		end

feature {NONE}

	is_sorted (ar: ARRAY [G]): BOOLEAN
			--- Is 'ar' sorted in ascending order?
		require
			ar_not_empty: ar.is_empty = False
		local
			i: INTEGER
		do
			Result := True
			from
				i := ar.lower
			until
				i = ar.upper
			loop
				if ar [i] > ar [i + 1] then
					Result := False
				end
				i := i + 1
			end
		end

end

Test:

class
	APPLICATION

create
	make

feature

	make
		do
			test := <<7, 99, -7, 1, 0, 25, -10>>
			io.put_string ("unsorted:%N")
			across
				test as ar
			loop
				io.put_string (ar.item.out + "%T")
			end
			io.new_line
			io.put_string ("sorted:%N")
			create gnome
			test := gnome.sort (test)
			across
				test as ar
			loop
				io.put_string (ar.item.out + "%T")
			end
		end

	test: ARRAY [INTEGER]

	gnome: GNOME_SORT [INTEGER]

end
Output:
Unsorted: 
7    99    -7    1    0    25    -10
Sorted: 
-7    -10    0    1    7    25    99

Elena

ELENA 5.0 :

import extensions;
import system'routines;
 
extension op
{
    gnomeSort()
    {
        var list := self.clone();
        int i := 1;
        int j := 2;
 
        while (i < list.Length)
        {
            if (list[i-1]<=list[i])
            {
                i := j;
                j += 1
            }
            else
            {
                list.exchange(i-1,i);
                i -= 1;
                if (i==0)
                {
                    i := 1;
                    j := 2
                }
            }
        };
 
        ^ list
    }
}
 
public program()
{
    var list := new int[]{3, 9, 4, 6, 8, 1, 7, 2, 5};
 
    console.printLine("before:", list.asEnumerable());
    console.printLine("after :", list.gnomeSort().asEnumerable())
}
Output:
before:3,9,4,6,8,1,7,2,5
after :1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Elixir

Translation of: Erlang
defmodule Sort do
  def gnome_sort([]), do: []
  def gnome_sort([h|t]), do: gnome_sort([h], t)
  
  defp gnome_sort(list, []), do: list
  defp gnome_sort([prev|p], [next|n]) when next > prev, do: gnome_sort(p, [next,prev|n])
  defp gnome_sort(p, [next|n]), do: gnome_sort([next|p], n)
end

IO.inspect Sort.gnome_sort([8,3,9,1,3,2,6])
Output:
[1, 2, 3, 3, 6, 8, 9]

Erlang

-module(gnome_sort).
-export([gnome/1]).

gnome(L, []) -> L;
gnome([Prev|P], [Next|N]) when Next > Prev ->
	gnome(P, [Next|[Prev|N]]);
gnome(P, [Next|N]) ->
	gnome([Next|P], N).
gnome([H|T]) -> gnome([H], T).
Eshell V5.7.3  (abort with ^G)
1> c(gnome_sort).
{ok,gnome_sort}
2> gnome_sort:gnome([8,3,9,1,3,2,6]).
[1,2,3,3,6,8,9]
3>

Euphoria

function gnomeSort(sequence s)
    integer i,j
    object temp
    i = 1
    j = 2
    while i < length(s) do
        if compare(s[i], s[i+1]) <= 0 then
            i = j
            j += 1
        else
            temp = s[i]
            s[i] = s[i+1]
            s[i+1] = temp
            i -= 1
            if i = 0 then
                i = j
                j += 1
            end if
        end if
    end while
    return s
end function

F#

let inline gnomeSort (a: _ []) =
  let rec loop i j =
    if i < a.Length then
      if a.[i-1] <= a.[i] then loop j (j+1) else
        let t = a.[i-1]
        a.[i-1] <- a.[i]
        a.[i] <- t
        if i=1 then loop j (j+1) else loop (i-1) j
  loop 1 2

Factor

USING: kernel math sequences ;
IN: rosetta-code.gnome-sort

: inc-pos ( pos seq -- pos' seq )
    [ 1 + ] dip ; inline

: dec-pos ( pos seq -- pos' seq )
    [ 1 - ] dip ; inline

: take-two ( pos seq -- elt-at-pos-1 elt-at-pos )
    [ dec-pos nth ] [ nth ] 2bi ; inline

: need-swap? ( pos seq -- pos seq ? )
    over 1 < [ f ] [ 2dup take-two > ] if ;

: swap-back ( pos seq -- pos seq' )
    [ take-two ] 2keep
    [ dec-pos set-nth ] 2keep
    [ set-nth ] 2keep ;

: gnome-sort ( seq -- sorted-seq )
    1 swap [ 2dup length < ] [
        2dup [ need-swap? ] [ swap-back dec-pos ] while
        2drop inc-pos
    ] while nip ; 

Example:

IN: scratchpad USE: rosetta-code.gnome-sort
Loading resource:extra/rosetta-code/gnome-sort/gnome-sort.factor
IN: scratchpad V{ 10 9 5 7 4 3 6 8 1 2 } gnome-sort .
V{ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 }

Fantom

class Main
{
  Int[] gnomesort (Int[] list)
  {
    i := 1
    j := 2
    while (i < list.size)
    {
      if (list[i-1] <= list[i])
      {
        i = j
        j += 1
      }
      else
      {
        list.swap(i-1, i)
        i -= 1
        if (i == 0)
        {
          i = j
          j += 1
        }
      }
    }

    return list
  }

  Void main ()
  {
    list := [4,1,5,8,2,1,5,7]
    echo ("" + list + " sorted is " + gnomesort (list))
  }
}

Output:

[4, 1, 5, 8, 2, 1, 5, 7] sorted is [1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 5, 7, 8]

Forth

defer precedes
defer exchange

: gnomesort                   ( a n)
  swap >r 1                   ( n c)
  begin                       ( n c)
    over over >               ( n c f)
  while                       ( n c)
    dup if                    ( n c)
      dup dup 1- over over r@ precedes
      if r@ exchange 1- else drop drop 1+ then
    else 1+ then              ( n c)
  repeat drop drop r> drop    ( --)
;

create example
  8 93 69 52 50 79 33 52 19 77 , , , , , , , , , ,

:noname >r cells r@ + @ swap cells r> + @ swap < ; is precedes
:noname >r cells r@ + swap cells r> + over @ over @ swap rot ! swap ! ; is exchange

: .array 10 0 do example i cells + ? loop cr ;

.array example 10 gnomesort .array

A slightly optimized version is presented below, where Gnome sort keeps track of its previous position. This reduces the number of iterations significantly.

: gnomesort+                           ( a n)
  swap >r 2 tuck 1-                    ( c2 n c1)
  begin                                ( c2 n c1)
    over over >                        ( c2 n c1 f)
  while                                ( c2 n c1)
    dup if                             ( c2 n c1)
      dup dup 1- over over r@ precedes
      if r@ exchange 1- else drop drop drop >r dup 1+ swap r> swap then
    else drop >r dup 1+ swap r> swap then
  repeat drop drop drop r> drop
;                                      ( --)

Fortran

Works with: Fortran version 90 and later
program example
 
  implicit none
 
  integer :: array(8) = (/ 2, 8, 6, 1, 3, 5, 4, 7 /)

  call Gnomesort(array)
  write(*,*) array

contains

subroutine Gnomesort(a)

  integer, intent(in out) :: a(:)
  integer :: i, j, temp

  i = 2
  j = 3
  do while (i <= size(a))
    if (a(i-1) <= a(i)) then
      i = j
      j = j + 1
    else
      temp = a(i-1)
      a(i-1) = a(i)
      a(i) = temp
      i = i -  1
      if (i == 1) then
        i = j
        j = j + 1
      end if
    end if
  end do

end subroutine Gnomesort

Optimized Version

      SUBROUTINE OPTIMIZEDGNOMESORT(A)     ! Nice
      IMPLICIT NONE
!
! Dummy arguments
!
      REAL , DIMENSION(0:)  ::  A
      INTENT (INOUT) A
!
! Local variables
!
      INTEGER  ::  posy
!
      DO posy = 1 , UBOUND(A , 1)       !size(a)-1
         CALL GNOMESORT(A , posy)
      END DO
      RETURN
      CONTAINS
 
      SUBROUTINE GNOMESORT(A , Upperbound)
      IMPLICIT NONE
!
! Dummy arguments
!
      INTEGER  ::  Upperbound
      REAL , DIMENSION(0:)  ::  A
      INTENT (IN) Upperbound
      INTENT (INOUT) A
!
! Local variables
!
      LOGICAL  ::  eval
      INTEGER  ::  posy
      REAL  ::  t
!
      eval = .FALSE.
      posy = Upperbound
      eval = (posy>0) .AND. (A(posy - 1)>A(posy))
!     do while ((posy > 0) .and. (a(posy-1) > a(posy)))
      DO WHILE ( eval )
         t = A(posy)
         A(posy) = A(posy - 1)
         A(posy - 1) = t
!
         posy = posy - 1
         eval = (posy>0)
         IF( eval )THEN     ! Have to use as a guard condition
            eval = (A(posy - 1)>A(posy))
         ELSE
            eval = .FALSE.
         END IF
      END DO
      RETURN
      END SUBROUTINE GNOMESORT
 
      END SUBROUTINE OPTIMIZEDGNOMESORT
!
  
end program example

Go

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    a := []int{170, 45, 75, -90, -802, 24, 2, 66}
    fmt.Println("before:", a)
    gnomeSort(a)
    fmt.Println("after: ", a)
}

func gnomeSort(a []int) {
    for i, j := 1, 2; i < len(a); {
        if a[i-1] > a[i] {
            a[i-1], a[i] = a[i], a[i-1]
            i--
            if i > 0 {
                continue
            }
        }
        i = j
        j++
    }
}

More generic version that sorts anything that implements sort.Interface:

package main

import (
  "sort"
  "fmt"
)

func main() {
    a := []int{170, 45, 75, -90, -802, 24, 2, 66}
    fmt.Println("before:", a)
    gnomeSort(sort.IntSlice(a))
    fmt.Println("after: ", a)
}

func gnomeSort(a sort.Interface) {
    for i, j := 1, 2; i < a.Len(); {
        if a.Less(i, i-1) {
            a.Swap(i-1, i)
            i--
            if i > 0 {
                continue
            }
        }
        i = j
        j++
    }
}

Groovy

Solution:

def makeSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> print "."; a[[j,i]] = a[[i,j]] }

def checkSwap = { list, i, j = i+1 -> [(list[i] > list[j])].find{ it }.each { makeSwap(list, i, j) } }

def gnomeSort = { input ->
    def swap = checkSwap.curry(input)
    def index = 1
    while (index < input.size()) {
        index += (swap(index-1) && index > 1) ? -1 : 1
    }
    input
}

Test:

println (gnomeSort([23,76,99,58,97,57,35,89,51,38,95,92,24,46,31,24,14,12,57,78,4]))
println (gnomeSort([88,18,31,44,4,0,8,81,14,78,20,76,84,33,73,75,82,5,62,70,12,7,1]))

Output:

..............................................................................................................................................[4, 12, 14, 23, 24, 24, 31, 35, 38, 46, 51, 57, 57, 58, 76, 78, 89, 92, 95, 97, 99]
.........................................................................................................................................[0, 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 14, 18, 20, 31, 33, 44, 62, 70, 73, 75, 76, 78, 81, 82, 84, 88]

Haskell

gnomeSort [] = []
gnomeSort (x:xs) = gs [x] xs
    where
	gs vv@(v:vs) (w:ws)
		| v<=w = gs (w:vv) ws
		| otherwise = gs vs (w:v:ws)
	gs [] (y:ys) = gs [y] ys
	gs xs [] = reverse xs
-- keeping the first argument of gs in reverse order avoids the deterioration into cubic behaviour

Haxe

class GnomeSort {
  @:generic
  public static function sort<T>(arr:Array<T>) {
    var i = 1;
    var j = 2;
    while (i < arr.length) {
      if (Reflect.compare(arr[i - 1], arr[i]) <= 0) {
        i = j++;
      } else {
        var temp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[i - 1];
        arr[i - 1] = temp;
        if (--i == 0) {
          i = j++;
        }  
      }
    }
  }
}

class Main {
  static function main() {
    var integerArray = [1, 10, 2, 5, -1, 5, -19, 4, 23, 0];
    var floatArray = [1.0, -3.2, 5.2, 10.8, -5.7, 7.3, 
                      3.5, 0.0, -4.1, -9.5];
    var stringArray = ['We', 'hold', 'these', 'truths', 'to', 
                       'be', 'self-evident', 'that', 'all', 
                       'men', 'are', 'created', 'equal'];
    Sys.println('Unsorted Integers: ' + integerArray);
    GnomeSort.sort(integerArray);
    Sys.println('Sorted Integers:   ' + integerArray);
    Sys.println('Unsorted Floats:   ' + floatArray);
    GnomeSort.sort(floatArray);
    Sys.println('Sorted Floats:     ' + floatArray);
    Sys.println('Unsorted Strings:  ' + stringArray);
    GnomeSort.sort(stringArray);
    Sys.println('Sorted Strings:    ' + stringArray);
  }
}
Output:
Unsorted Integers: [1,10,2,5,-1,5,-19,4,23,0]
Sorted Integers:   [-19,-1,0,1,2,4,5,5,10,23]
Unsorted Floats:   [1,-3.2,5.2,10.8,-5.7,7.3,3.5,0,-4.1,-9.5]
Sorted Floats:     [-9.5,-5.7,-4.1,-3.2,0,1,3.5,5.2,7.3,10.8]
Unsorted Strings:  [We,hold,these,truths,to,be,self-evident,that,all,men,are,created,equal]
Sorted Strings:    [We,all,are,be,created,equal,hold,men,self-evident,that,these,to,truths]

Icon and Unicon

procedure main()                     #: demonstrate various ways to sort a list and string 
   demosort(gnomesort,[3, 14, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 3],"qwerty")
end

procedure gnomesort(X,op)            #: return sorted list 
local i,j

   op := sortop(op,X)                # select how and what we sort

   j := (i := 2) + 1                 # translation of pseudo code
   while i <= *X do {
      if op(X[i],X[i-1]) then {
         X[i] :=: X[i -:= 1]
         if i > 1 then next
      }
      j := (i := j) + 1
   }
   return X        
end

Note: This example relies on the supporting procedures 'sortop', and 'demosort' in Bubble Sort. The full demosort exercises the named sort of a list with op = "numeric", "string", ">>" (lexically gt, descending),">" (numerically gt, descending), a custom comparator, and also a string.

Abbreviated sample output:
Sorting Demo using procedure gnomesort
  on list : [ 3 14 1 5 9 2 6 3 ]
    with op = &null:         [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ]   (0 ms)
  ...
  on string : "qwerty"
    with op = &null:         "eqrtwy"   (0 ms)

Io

Naive version:

List do(
    gnomeSortInPlace := method(
        idx := 1
        while(idx <= size,
            if(idx == 0 or at(idx) > at(idx - 1)) then(
                idx = idx + 1
            ) else(
                swapIndices(idx, idx - 1)
                idx = idx - 1
            )
        )
    self)
)

lst := list(5, -1, -4, 2, 9)
lst gnomeSortInPlace println # ==> list(-4, -1, 2, 5, 9)

Optimized version, storing the position before traversing back towards the begining of the list (Wikipedia)

List do(
    gnomeSortInPlace := method(
        idx1 := 1
        idx2 := 2

        while(idx1 <= size,
            if(idx1 == 0 or at(idx1) > at(idx1 - 1)) then(
                idx1 = idx2
                idx2 = idx2 + 1
            ) else(
                swapIndices(idx1, idx1 - 1)
                idx1 = idx1 - 1
            )
        )
    self)
)

lst := list(5, -1, -4, 2, 9)
lst gnomeSortInPlace println # ==> list(-4, -1, 2, 5, 9)

J

Generally, this task should be accomplished in J using /:~. Here we take an approach that's more comparable with the other examples on this page.
position=: 0 {.@I.@, [
swap=: ] A.~ *@position * #@[ !@- <:@position
gnome=: swap~ 2 >/\ ]
gnomes=: gnome^:_
Note 1: this implementation of swap is actually rather silly, and will not work on long lists. A better implementation would be:
swap=: position (] {~ _1 0 + [)`(0 _1 + [)`]}^:(*@[) ]
Note 2: this implementation only works for domains where > is defined (in J, "greater than" only works on numbers). To work around this issue, you could define:
gt=:  -.@(-: /:~)@,&< 
gnome=: swap~ 2 gt/\ ]
Note 3: this implementation does not return intermediate results. If you want them, you could use
gnomeps=: gnome^:a:
Note 4: gnomeps just shows intermediate results and does not show the gnome's position. You can extract the gnome's position using an expression such as
2 ~:/\ gnomeps
.

Java

Translation of: C
public static void gnomeSort(int[] a)
{
  int i=1;
  int j=2;
 
  while(i < a.length) {
    if ( a[i-1] <= a[i] ) {
      i = j; j++;
    } else {
      int tmp = a[i-1];
      a[i-1] = a[i];
      a[i--] = tmp;
      i = (i==0) ? j++ : i;
    }
  }
}

JavaScript

function gnomeSort(a) {
    function moveBack(i) {
        for( ; i > 0 && a[i-1] > a[i]; i--) {
            var t = a[i];
            a[i] = a[i-1];
            a[i-1] = t;
        }
    }
    for (var i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
        if (a[i-1] > a[i]) moveBack(i);
    }
    return a;
}

jq

Works with: jq version 1.4

This implementation adheres to the specification. The array to be sorted, however, can be any JSON array.

# As soon as "condition" is true, then emit . and stop:
def do_until(condition; next):
  def u: if condition then . else (next|u) end;
  u;

# input: an array
def gnomeSort:
  def swap(i;j): .[i] as $x | .[i]=.[j] | .[j]=$x;

  length as $length
  # state: [i, j, ary]
  | [1, 2, .] 
  | do_until( .[0] >= $length;
              .[0] as $i | .[1] as $j
              | .[2]
              # for descending sort, use >= for comparison
              | if .[$i-1] <= .[$i] then [$j, $j + 1, .]
                else swap( $i-1; $i)
                | ($i - 1) as $i
                | if $i == 0 then [$j, $j + 1, .]
                  else [$i, $j, .]
                  end
                end )
  | .[2];

Example:

[(2|sqrt), [1], null, 1, 0.5, 2, 1, -3, {"a": "A"}] | gnomeSort
Output:
$ jq -M -n -f Gnome_sort.jq
[
  null,
  -3,
  0.5,
  1,
  1,
  1.4142135623730951,
  2,
  [
    1
  ],
  {
    "a": "A"
  }
]

Julia

Works with: Julia version 0.6
function gnomesort!(arr::Vector)
    i, j = 1, 2
    while i < length(arr)
        if arr[i]  arr[i+1]
            i = j
            j += 1
        else
            arr[i], arr[i+1] = arr[i+1], arr[i]
            i -= 1
            if i == 0
                i = j
                j += 1
            end
        end
    end
    return arr
end

v = rand(-10:10, 10)
println("# unordered: $v\n -> ordered: ", gnomesort!(v))
Output:
# unordered: [9, -8, 0, 3, 2, 10, 5, 4, 5, 5]
 -> ordered: [-8, 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 9, 10]

Kotlin

// version 1.1.0

fun <T: Comparable<T>> gnomeSort(a: Array<T>, ascending: Boolean = true) {
    var i = 1
    var j = 2
    while (i < a.size) 
        if (ascending && (a[i - 1] <= a[i]) ||
           !ascending && (a[i - 1] >= a[i]))
            i = j++
        else {
            val temp = a[i - 1]
            a[i - 1] = a[i]
            a[i--] = temp
            if (i == 0) i = j++
        }
} 

fun main(args: Array<String>) {
    val array = arrayOf(100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199)
    println("Original      : ${array.asList()}")
    gnomeSort(array)
    println("Sorted (asc)  : ${array.asList()}")
    gnomeSort(array, false)
    println("Sorted (desc) : ${array.asList()}")
}
Output:
Original      : [100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199]
Sorted (asc)  : [-199, -52, 2, 3, 33, 56, 99, 100, 177, 200]
Sorted (desc) : [200, 177, 100, 99, 56, 33, 3, 2, -52, -199]

Lua

Keep in mind that Lua arrays initial index is 1.

function gnomeSort(a)
    local i, j = 2, 3

    while i <= #a do
        if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
            i = j
            j = j + 1
        else
            a[i-1], a[i] = a[i], a[i-1] -- swap
            i = i - 1
            if i == 1 then -- 1 instead of 0
                i = j
                j = j + 1
            end
        end
    end
end

Example:

list = { 5, 6, 1, 2, 9, 14, 2, 15, 6, 7, 8, 97 }
gnomeSort(list)
for i, j in pairs(list) do
    print(j)
end

Maple

arr := Array([17,3,72,0,36,2,3,8,40,0]):
len := numelems(arr):
i := 2:
while (i <= len) do
	if (i=1 or arr[i] >= arr[i-1]) then
		i++:
	else
		temp:= arr[i]:
		arr[i] := arr[i-1]:
		arr[i-1] := temp:
		i--:
	end if:
end do:
arr;
Output:
[0,0,2,3,3,8,17,36,40,72]

Mathematica/Wolfram Language

gnomeSort[list_]:=Module[{i=2,j=3},
While[ i<=Length[[list]],
If[ list[[i-1]]<=list[[i]],
 i=j; j++;,
 list[[i-1;;i]]=list[[i;;i-1]];i--;];
If[i==1,i=j;j++;]
]]

MATLAB / Octave

function list = gnomeSort(list)

    i = 2;
    j = 3;
    
    while i <= numel(list)
       
        if list(i-1) <= list(i)
            i = j;
            j = j+1;
        else
            list([i-1 i]) = list([i i-1]); %Swap
            i = i-1;
            if i == 1
                i = j;
                j = j+1;
            end
        end %if
        
    end %while
end %gnomeSort

Sample Usage:

>> gnomeSort([4 3 1 5 6 2])

ans =

     1     2     3     4     5     6

MAXScript

fn gnomeSort arr =
(
	local i = 2
	local j = 3
	while i <= arr.count do
	(
		if arr[i-1] <= arr[i] then
		(
			i = j
			j += 1
		)
		else
		(
			swap arr[i-1] arr[i]
			i -= 1
			if i == 1 then
			(
				i = j
				j += 1
			)
		)
	)
	return arr
)

Output:

a = for i in 1 to 10 collect random 1 20
#(20, 10, 16, 2, 19, 12, 11, 3, 5, 16)
gnomesort a
#(2, 3, 5, 10, 11, 12, 16, 16, 19, 20)

Metafont

def gnomesort(suffix v)(expr n) =
begingroup save i, j, t;
  i := 1; j := 2;
  forever: exitif not (i < n);
    if v[i-1] <= v[i]:
      i := j; j := j + 1;
    else:
      t := v[i-1];
      v[i-1] := v[i];
      v[i] := t;
      i := i - 1;
      i := if i=0: j; j := j + 1 else: i fi;
    fi
  endfor
endgroup enddef;
numeric a[];
for i = 0 upto 9: a[i] := uniformdeviate(40); message decimal a[i]; endfor
message char10;

gnomesort(a, 10);
for i = 0 upto 9: message decimal a[i]; endfor
end

MiniScript

gnomesort = function(a)
	i = 1
	j = 2
	while i < a.len 
		if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
			i = j
			j = j + 1 
		else
			k = a[i-1]
			a[i-1] = a[i]
			a[i] = k
			i = i - 1
			if i == 0 then
				i = j
				j = j + 1
			end if
		end if
	end while
end function
a = [3, 7, 4, 2, 5, 1, 6]
gnomesort(a)
print a
Output:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

NetRexx

/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref savelog symbols binary

import java.util.List

i1 = ArrayList(Arrays.asList([Integer(3), Integer(3), Integer(1), Integer(2), Integer(4), Integer(3), Integer(5), Integer(6)]))
say i1.toString
say gnomeSort(i1).toString

return

method isTrue public constant binary returns boolean
  return 1 == 1

method isFalse public constant binary returns boolean
  return \isTrue

method gnomeSort(a = String[], sAsc = isTrue) public constant binary returns String[]

  rl = String[a.length]
  al = List gnomeSort(Arrays.asList(a), sAsc)
  al.toArray(rl)

  return rl

method gnomeSort(a = List, sAsc = isTrue) public constant binary returns ArrayList

  sDsc = \sAsc -- Ascending/descending switches
  ra = ArrayList(a)
  i_ = 1
  j_ = 2
  loop label i_ while i_ < ra.size
    ctx = (Comparable ra.get(i_ - 1)).compareTo(Comparable ra.get(i_))
    if (sAsc & ctx <= 0) | (sDsc & ctx >= 0) then do
      i_ = j_
      j_ = j_ + 1
      end
    else do
      swap = ra.get(i_)
      ra.set(i_, ra.get(i_ - 1))
      ra.set(i_ - 1, swap)
      i_ = i_ - 1
      if i_ = 0 then do
        i_ = j_
        j_ = j_ + 1
        end
      end
    end i_

  return ra
Output
[3, 3, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6]
[1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Nim

proc gnomeSort[T](a: var openarray[T]) =
  var
    n = a.len
    i = 1
    j = 2
  while i < n:
    if a[i-1] > a[i]:
      swap a[i-1], a[i]
      dec i
      if i > 0: continue
    i = j
    inc j

var a = @[4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782]
gnomeSort a
echo a

Output:

@[-31, 0, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782]

Objeck

Translation of: C
function : GnomeSort(a : Int[]) {
  i := 1;
  j := 2;
 
  while(i < a->Size()) {
    if (a[i-1] <= a[i]) {
      i := j; 
      j += 1;
    } 
    else {
      tmp := a[i-1];
      a[i-1] := a[i];
      a[i] := tmp;
      i -= 1;
      if(i = 0) {
        i := j;
        j += 1;
      };
    };
  };
}

OCaml

from the toplevel:

# let gnome_sort a =
    let i = ref 1 
    and j = ref 2 in
    while !i < Array.length a do
      if a.(!i-1) <= a.(!i) then
      begin
        i := !j;
        j := !j + 1;
      end else begin
        swap a (!i-1) (!i);
        i := !i - 1;
        if !i = 0 then begin
          i := !j;
          j := !j + 1;
        end;
      end;
    done;
  ;;
val gnome_sort : 'a array -> unit = <fun>

# let a = [| 7; 9; 4; 2; 1; 3; 6; 5; 0; 8; |] ;;
val a : int array = [|7; 9; 4; 2; 1; 3; 6; 5; 0; 8|]

# gnome_sort a ;;
- : unit = ()

# a ;;
- : int array = [|0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9|]

Octave

function s = gnomesort(v)
  i = 2; j = 3;
  while ( i <= length(v) )
    if ( v(i-1) <= v(i) )
      i = j;
      j++;
    else
      t = v(i-1);
      v(i-1) = v(i);
      v(i) = t;
      i--;
      if ( i == 1 )
	i = j;
	j++;
      endif
    endif
  endwhile
  s = v;
endfunction
v = [7, 9, 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5, 0, 8];
disp(gnomesort(v));

ooRexx

version 1

Translation of: NetRexx
/* Rexx */

call demo
return
exit

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--  Gnome sort implementation
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
::routine gnomeSort
  use arg ra, sAsc = ''
  if sAsc = '' then sAsc = isTrue()

  sDsc = \sAsc -- Ascending/descending switches
  i_ = 1
  j_ = 2
  loop label i_ while i_ < ra~items()
    ctx = (ra~get(i_ - 1))~compareTo(ra~get(i_))
    if (sAsc & ctx <= 0) | (sDsc & ctx >= 0) then do
      i_ = j_
      j_ = j_ + 1
      end
    else do
      swap = ra~get(i_)
      ra~set(i_, ra~get(i_ - 1))
      ra~set(i_ - 1, swap)
      i_ = i_ - 1
      if i_ = 0 then do
        i_ = j_
        j_ = j_ + 1
        end
      end
    end i_

  return ra

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Demonstrate the implementation
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
::routine demo
  placesList = .nlist~of( -
      "UK  London",     "US  New York",   "US  Boston",     "US  Washington" -
    , "UK  Washington", "US  Birmingham", "UK  Birmingham", "UK  Boston"     -
  )

  lists = .nlist~of( -
      placesList -
    , gnomeSort(placesList~copy()) -
  )

  loop ln = 0 to lists~items() - 1
    cl = lists[ln]
    loop ct = 0 to cl~items() - 1
      say right(ct + 1, 3)':' cl[ct]
      end ct
    say
    end ln

  i_.0 = 3
  i_.1 = .nlist~of(3, 3, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6)
  i_.2 = gnomeSort(i_.1~copy(), isTrue())
  i_.3 = gnomeSort(i_.1~copy(), isFalse())
  loop s_ = 1 to i_.0
    ss = ''
    loop x_ = 0 to i_.s_~items() - 1
      ss ||= right(i_.s_~get(x_), 3)' '
      end x_
    say strip(ss, 'T')
    end s_

  return

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
::routine isTrue
  return 1 == 1

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
::routine isFalse
  return \isTrue()

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper class.  Map get and set methods for easier conversion from java.util.List
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
::class NList mixinclass List public

-- Map get() to at()
::method get
  use arg ix
  return self~at(ix)

-- Map set() to put()
::method set
  use arg ix, item
  self~put(item, ix)
  return

Output:

  1: UK  London
  2: US  New York
  3: US  Boston
  4: US  Washington
  5: UK  Washington
  6: US  Birmingham
  7: UK  Birmingham
  8: UK  Boston

  1: UK  Birmingham
  2: UK  Boston
  3: UK  London
  4: UK  Washington
  5: US  Birmingham
  6: US  Boston
  7: US  New York
  8: US  Washington

  3   3   1   2   4   3   5   6
  1   2   3   3   3   4   5   6
  6   5   4   3   3   3   2   1

version 2

Translation of: REXX
/* REXX ---------------------------------------------------------------
* 28.06.2014 Walter Pachl
* 30.06.2014 corrected in sync with REXX version 2
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  Call gen                         /* generate the array elements.   */
  Call show 'before sort'          /* show  "before"  array elements.*/
  Call gnomeSort x                 /* invoke the infamous gnome sort.*/
  Call show ' after sort'          /* show  "after"   array elements.*/
  Exit                             /* done.                          */

gnomesort: Procedure
  Use Arg x
  n=x~items
  k=2
  Do j=3 While k<=n
    km=k-1
    If x[km]<=x[k] Then
      k=j
    Else Do
      t=x[km]; x[km]=x[k]; x[k]=t  /* swap two entries in the array. */
      k=k-1
      If k==1 Then
        k=j
      Else
        j=j-1
      End
    End
  Return

gen:
  x=.array~of('---the seven virtues---','=======================',,
              'Faith','Hope','Charity  [Love]','Fortitude','  Justice',,
              'Prudence','Temperance')
  Return
show:
  Say arg(1)
  Do i=1 To x~items
    Say 'element' right(i,2) x[i]
    End
  Return

output Similar to REXX version 2

Oz

Translation of: Haskell
declare
  fun {GnomeSort Xs}
     case Xs of nil then nil
     [] X|Xr then {Loop [X] Xr}
     end
  end

  fun {Loop Vs Ws}
     case [Vs Ws]
     of [V|_  W|Wr] andthen V =< W then {Loop W|Vs Wr}
     [] [V|Vr W|Wr] then {Loop Vr W|V|Wr}
     [] [nil  W|Wr] then {Loop [W] Wr}
     [] [Vs   nil ] then {Reverse Vs}
     end
  end
in
  {Show {GnomeSort [3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5]}}

PARI/GP

gnomeSort(v)={
  my(i=2,j=3,n=#v,t);
  while(i<=n,
    if(v[i-1]>v[i],
      t=v[i];
      v[i]=v[i-1];
      v[i--]=t;
      if(i==1, i=j; j++);
    ,
      i=j;
      j++
    )
  );
  v
};

Pascal

procedure gnomesort(var arr : Array of Integer; size : Integer);
var
   i, j, t	: Integer;
begin
   i := 1;
   j := 2;
   while i < size do begin
      if arr[i-1] <= arr[i] then
      begin
	 i := j;
	 j := j + 1
      end
      else begin
	 t := arr[i-1];
	 arr[i-1] := arr[i];
	 arr[i] := t;
	 i := i - 1;
	 if i = 0 then begin
	    i := j;
	    j := j + 1
	 end
      end
   end;
end;

Perl

use strict;

sub gnome_sort
{
    my @a = @_;

    my $size = scalar(@a);
    my $i = 1;
    my $j = 2;
    while($i < $size) {
	if ( $a[$i-1] <= $a[$i] ) {
	    $i = $j;
	    $j++;
	} else {
	    @a[$i, $i-1] = @a[$i-1, $i];
	    $i--;
	    if ($i == 0) {
		$i = $j;
		$j++;
	    }
	}
    }
    return @a;
}
my @arr = ( 10, 9, 8, 5, 2, 1, 1, 0, 50, -2 );
print "$_\n" foreach gnome_sort( @arr );

Phix

with javascript_semantics

function gnomeSort(sequence s)
integer i = 1, j = 2
    while i<length(s) do
        object si = s[i],
               sn = s[i+1]
        if si<=sn then
            i = j
            j += 1
        else
            s[i] = sn
            s[i+1] = si
            i -= 1
            if i = 0 then
                i = j
                j += 1
            end if
        end if
    end while
    return s
end function
 
?gnomeSort(shuffle(tagset(10)))

PHP

function gnomeSort($arr){
	$i = 1;
	$j = 2;
	while($i < count($arr)){
		if ($arr[$i-1] <= $arr[$i]){
			$i = $j;
			$j++;
		}else{
			list($arr[$i],$arr[$i-1]) = array($arr[$i-1],$arr[$i]);
			$i--;
			if($i == 0){
				$i = $j;
				$j++;
			}
		}
	}
	return $arr;
}
$arr = array(3,1,6,2,9,4,7,8,5);
echo implode(',',gnomeSort($arr));
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

PicoLisp

(de gnomeSort (Lst)
   (let J (cdr Lst)
      (for (I Lst (cdr I))
         (if (>= (cadr I) (car I))
            (setq I J  J (cdr J))
            (xchg I (cdr I))
            (if (== I Lst)
               (setq I J  J (cdr J))
               (setq I (prior I Lst)) ) ) ) )
   Lst )

PL/I

SORT: PROCEDURE OPTIONS (MAIN);
   DECLARE A(0:9) FIXED STATIC INITIAL (5, 2, 7, 1, 9, 8, 6, 3, 4, 0);

   CALL GNOME_SORT (A);
   put skip edit (A) (f(7));

GNOME_SORT: PROCEDURE (A) OPTIONS (REORDER); /* 9 September 2015 */
   declare A(*) fixed;
   declare t fixed;
   declare (i, j) fixed;

   i = 1; j = 2;
   do while (i <= hbound(A));
      if a(i-1) <= a(i) then
         do;
            i = j; j = j + 1;
         end;
      else
         do;
            t = a(i-1); a(i-1) = a(i); a(i) = t;
            i = i - 1;
            if i = 0 then do; i = j; j = j + 1; end;
         end;
   end;

END GNOME_SORT;

END SORT;

Results:

      0      1      2      3      4      5      6      7      8      9

PL/M

Works with: 8080 PL/M Compiler
... under CP/M (or an emulator)

Note that integers in 8080 PL/M are unsigned.

100H: /* GNOME SORT                                      */

   /* IN-PLACE GNOME SORT THE FIRST SIZE ELEMENTS OF THE */
   /*                         ARRAY POINTED TO BY A$PTR  */ 
   GNOME$SORT: PROCEDURE( A$PTR, SIZE );
      DECLARE ( A$PTR, SIZE ) ADDRESS;
      DECLARE A BASED A$PTR ( 0 )ADDRESS;
      DECLARE ( I, J    ) ADDRESS;
      I = 1;
      J = 2;
      DO WHILE I < SIZE;
         IF A( I - 1 ) <= A( I ) THEN DO;
            I = J;
            J = J + 1;
            END;
         ELSE DO;
            DECLARE SWAP ADDRESS;
            SWAP       = A( I - 1 );
            A( I - 1 ) = A( I     );
            A( I     ) = SWAP;
            I          = I - 1;
            IF I = 0 THEN DO;
               I = J;
               J = J + 1;
            END;
         END;
      END;
   END GNOME$SORT ;

   /* CP/M BDOS SYSTEM CALLS AND I/O ROUTINES                                */
   BDOS:   PROCEDURE( FN, ARG ); DECLARE FN BYTE, ARG ADDRESS; GOTO 5; END;
   PR$CHAR:   PROCEDURE( C ); DECLARE C BYTE;    CALL BDOS( 2, C );    END;
   PR$STRING: PROCEDURE( S ); DECLARE S ADDRESS; CALL BDOS( 9, S );    END;
   PR$NL:     PROCEDURE; CALL PR$STRING( .( 0DH, 0AH, '$' ) );         END;
   PR$NUMBER: PROCEDURE( N );  /* PRINTS A NUMBER IN THE MINIMUN FIELD WIDTH */
      DECLARE N ADDRESS;
      DECLARE V ADDRESS, N$STR ( 6 )BYTE, W BYTE;
      V = N;
      W = LAST( N$STR );
      N$STR( W ) = '$';
      N$STR( W := W - 1 ) = '0' + ( V MOD 10 );
      DO WHILE( ( V := V / 10 ) > 0 );
         N$STR( W := W - 1 ) = '0' + ( V MOD 10 );
      END;
      CALL PR$STRING( .N$STR( W ) );
   END PR$NUMBER;

   DO; /* TEST GNOME$SORT                                                    */
      DECLARE N ( 11 )ADDRESS, N$POS BYTE;
      N(  0 ) =  4; N( 1 ) = 65; N( 2 ) = 2; N( 3 ) = 31; N( 4 ) =   0;
      N(  5 ) = 99; N( 6 ) =  2; N( 7 ) = 8; N( 8 ) =  3; N( 9 ) = 783;
      N( 10 ) =  1;
      CALL GNOME$SORT( .N, 11 );
      DO N$POS = 0 TO 10;
         CALL PR$CHAR( ' ' );
         CALL PR$NUMBER( N( N$POS ) );
      END;
   END;

EOF
Output:
 0 1 2 2 3 4 8 31 65 99 783

PowerShell

function gnomesort($a) {   
    $size, $i, $j = $a.Count, 1, 2
    while($i -lt $size) {
        if ($a[$i-1] -le $a[$i]) {
            $i = $j
            $j++
        }
        else {
            $a[$i-1], $a[$i] = $a[$i], $a[$i-1]
            $i--
            if($i -eq 0) {
                $i = $j
                $j++
            }
        }
    }
    $a
}
$array = @(60, 21, 19, 36, 63, 8, 100, 80, 3, 87, 11)
"$(gnomesort $array)"

Output:

3 8 11 19 21 36 60 63 80 87 100

Python

>>> def gnomesort(a):
	i,j,size = 1,2,len(a)
	while i < size:
		if a[i-1] <= a[i]:
			i,j = j, j+1
		else:
			a[i-1],a[i] = a[i],a[i-1]
			i -= 1
			if i == 0:
				i,j = j, j+1
	return a

>>> gnomesort([3,4,2,5,1,6])
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>>

Quackery

[ dup size times
    [ i^ 0 > if
      [ dup i^ 1 - peek
        over i^ peek
        2dup > iff
          [ dip [ swap i^ poke ]
            swap i^ 1 - poke
            -1 step ]
        else 2drop ] ] ]         is gnomesort ( [ --> [ )

R

Starting from 1

gnomesort <- function(x)
{
   i <- 1
   j <- 1
   while(i < length(x))
   {
      if(x[i] <= x[i+1])
      {
         i <- j
         j <- j+1
      } else
      {
         temp <- x[i]
         x[i] <- x[i+1]
         x[i+1]  <- temp
         i <- i - 1
         if(i == 0)
         {
            i <- j
            j <- j+1
         } 
      }
   }
   x
}
gnomesort(c(4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 83, 782, 1)) # -31   0   1   2   4  65  83  99 782

Starting from 2

The previously solution misses out on a cool R trick for swapping items.

As R is 1-indexed, we need to make some minor adjustments to the given pseudo-code. To give some variety and to remove the previous solution's potentially redundant first run, we have chosen a different adjustment to the previous solution's. We have otherwise aimed to be faithful to the pseudo-code.

gnomeSort <- function(a)
{
  i <- 2
  j <- 3
  while(i <= length(a))
  {
    if(a[i - 1] <= a[i])
    {
      i <- j
      j <- j + 1 
    }
    else
    {
      a[c(i - 1, i)] <- a[c(i, i - 1)]#The cool trick mentioned above.
      i <- i - 1
      if(i == 1)
      {
        i <- j
        j <- j + 1
      }
    }
  }
  a
}
#Examples taken from the Haxe solution.
#Note that R can use <= to compare strings.
ints <- c(1, 10, 2, 5, -1, 5, -19, 4, 23, 0)
numerics <- c(1, -3.2, 5.2, 10.8, -5.7, 7.3, 3.5, 0, -4.1, -9.5)
strings <- c("We", "hold", "these", "truths", "to", "be", "self-evident", "that", "all", "men", "are", "created", "equal")
Output:
> gnomeSort(ints)
 [1] -19  -1   0   1   2   4   5   5  10  23
> gnomeSort(numerics)
 [1] -9.5 -5.7 -4.1 -3.2  0.0  1.0  3.5  5.2  7.3 10.8
> gnomeSort(strings)
 [1] "all"          "are"          "be"           "created"      "equal"        "hold"         "men"         
 [8] "self-evident" "that"         "these"        "to"           "truths"       "We"

Racket

#lang racket

;; Translation of the pseudo code
(define (gnome-sort1 a <=?)
  (define size (vector-length a))
  (define (swap i j)
    (define t (vector-ref a i))
    (vector-set! a i (vector-ref a j))
    (vector-set! a j t))
  (let loop ([i 1] [j 2])
    (when (< i size)
      (if (<=? (vector-ref a (sub1 i)) (vector-ref a i))
        (loop j (add1 j))
        (begin (swap (sub1 i) i)
               (let ([i (sub1 i)])
                 (if (zero? i)
                   (loop j (add1 j))
                   (loop i j)))))))
  a)
(gnome-sort1 (vector 3 2 1 4 5 6) <=)

;; a functional version, roughly like the Scheme entry
(define (gnome-sort2 l <=?)
  (match l
    [(list) l]
    [(list x xs ...)
     (let loop ([x `((,x) . ,xs)])
       (match x
         [`(,ps) ps]
         [`((,p . ,ps) ,n . ,ns)
          (loop (cond [(<=? n p)  `((,n ,p . ,ps) . ,ns)]
                      [(null? ps) `((,n) ,p . ,ns)]
                      [else       `(,ps ,n ,p . ,ns)]))]))]))
(gnome-sort2 '(3 2 1 4 5 6) <=)

Raku

(formerly Perl 6)

Works with: rakudo version 2016.03
sub gnome_sort (@a) {
    my ($i, $j) = 1, 2;
    while $i < @a {
        if @a[$i - 1] <= @a[$i] {
            ($i, $j) = $j, $j + 1;
        }
        else {
            (@a[$i - 1], @a[$i]) = @a[$i], @a[$i - 1];
            $i--;
            ($i, $j) = $j, $j + 1 if $i == 0;
        }
    }
}

my @n = (1..10).roll(20);
say @n.&gnome_sort ~~ @n.sort ?? 'ok' !! 'not ok';

Rascal

import List;

public list[int] gnomeSort(a){
	i = 1;
	j = 2;
	while(i < size(a)){
		if(a[i-1] <= a[i]){
			i = j;
			j += 1;}
		else{
			temp = a[i-1];
			a[i-1] = a[i];
			a[i] = temp;
			i = i - 1;
			if(i == 0){
				i = j;
				j += 1;}}}
	return a;
}

An example output:

gnomeSort([4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 83, 782, 1])
list[int]: [-31,0,1,2,4,65,83,99,782]

REXX

version 1

This REXX version uses an unity-based array   (instead of a zero-based array).

/*REXX program sorts an array using the gnome sort algorithm (elements contain blanks). */
call gen                                         /*generate the  @   stemmed array.     */
call show     'before sort'                      /*display the   before  array elements.*/
                             say copies('▒', 60) /*show a separator line between sorts. */
call gnomeSort  #                                /*invoke the well─known  gnome  sort.  */
call show     ' after sort'                      /*display the    after  array elements.*/
exit                                             /*stick a fork in it,  we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
gen: @.=;  @.1= '---the seven virtues---';    @.4= "Hope"           ;    @.7= 'Justice'
           @.2= '=======================';    @.5= "Charity  [Love]";    @.8= 'Prudence'
           @.3= 'Faith'                  ;    @.6= "Fortitude"      ;    @.9= 'Temperance'
             do #=1  while @.#\==''; end;   #= #-1;   w= length(#);  return /*get #items*/
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
gnomeSort: procedure expose @.;  parse arg n;     k= 2            /*N: is number items. */
             do j=3  while k<=n;                  p= k - 1        /*P: is previous item.*/
             if @.p<<=@.k  then do;      k= j;    iterate;   end  /*order is OK so far. */
             _= @.p;       @.p= @.k;     @.k= _                   /*swap two @ entries. */
             k= k - 1;     if k==1  then k= j;    else j= j-1     /*test for 1st index. */
             end    /*j*/;                                return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
show:  do j=1  for #;   say '       element'  right(j, w)  arg(1)":"  @.j;   end;   return
output:

(Shown at three-quarter size.)

       element 1 before sort: ---the seven virtues---
       element 2 before sort: =======================
       element 3 before sort: Faith
       element 4 before sort: Hope
       element 5 before sort: Charity  [Love]
       element 6 before sort: Fortitude
       element 7 before sort: Justice
       element 8 before sort: Prudence
       element 9 before sort: Temperance
▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
       element 1  after sort: ---the seven virtues---
       element 2  after sort: =======================
       element 3  after sort: Charity  [Love]
       element 4  after sort: Faith
       element 5  after sort: Fortitude
       element 6  after sort: Hope
       element 7  after sort: Justice
       element 8  after sort: Prudence
       element 9  after sort: Temperance

version 2

/* REXX ---------------------------------------------------------------
* 28.06.2014 Walter Pachl  cf ooRexx version 2
* only style changes (reformatting) and adapt for ooRexx compatibility
* NOTE that leading blanks are ignored in the comparison ('  Justice')
* unless strict comparison is used  (i.e., 'If x.km<<=x.k Then')
* 30.06.2014 WP added the missing else clause
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
                                   /* generate the array elements.   */
  Call gen '---the seven virtues---','=======================',,
           'Faith','Hope','Charity  [Love]','Fortitude','  Justice',,
           'Prudence','Temperance'
  Call show 'before sort'          /* show  "before"  array elements.*/
  Call gnomeSort                   /* invoke the infamous gnome sort.*/
  Call show ' after sort'          /* show  "after"   array elements.*/
  Exit                             /* done.                          */

gnomesort: Procedure Expose x.
  k=2
  Do j=3 While k<=x.0
    km=k-1
    If x.km<=x.k Then
      k=j
    Else Do
      t=x.km; x.km=x.k; x.k=t      /* swap two entries in the array. */
      k=k-1
      If k==1 Then
        k=j
      Else
        j=j-1
      End
    End
  Return

gen: Procedure Expose x.
  Do i=1 To arg()
    x.i=arg(i)
    End
  x.0=arg()
  Return

show:  Procedure Expose x.
  Say arg(1)
  Do i=1 To x.0
    Say 'element' right(i,2) x.i
    End
  Return

output

before sort
element  1 ---the seven virtues---
element  2 =======================
element  3 Faith
element  4 Hope
element  5 Charity  [Love]
element  6 Fortitude
element  7   Justice
element  8 Prudence
element  9 Temperance
 after sort
element  1 ---the seven virtues---
element  2 =======================
element  3 Charity  [Love]
element  4 Faith
element  5 Fortitude
element  6 Hope
element  7   Justice
element  8 Prudence
element  9 Temperance

Ring

aList = [ 5, 6, 1, 2, 9, 14, 15, 7, 8, 97]
gnomeSort(aList)
for i=1 to len(aList)
    see "" + aList[i] + " "
next

func gnomeSort a
     i = 2
     j = 3
     while i < len(a)
           if a[i-1] <= a[i]
              i = j 
              j = j + 1
           else
              temp = a[i-1]
              a[i-1] = a[i]
              a[i] = temp
              i = i - 1
              if i = 1
                 i = j
                 j = j + 1 ok ok end

Ruby

class Array
  def gnomesort!
    i, j = 1, 2
    while i < length
      if self[i-1] <= self[i]
        i, j = j, j+1
      else
        self[i-1], self[i] = self[i], self[i-1]
        i -= 1
        if i == 0
          i, j = j, j+1
        end
      end
    end
    self
  end
end
ary = [7,6,5,9,8,4,3,1,2,0]
ary.gnomesort!
# => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

Rust

fn gnome_sort<T: PartialOrd>(a: &mut [T]) {
    let len = a.len();
    let mut i: usize = 1;
    let mut j: usize = 2;
    while i < len {
        if a[i - 1] <= a[i] {
            // for descending sort, use >= for comparison
            i = j;
            j += 1;
        } else {
            a.swap(i - 1, i);
            i -= 1;
            if i == 0 {
                i = j;
                j += 1;
            }
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut v = vec![10, 8, 4, 3, 1, 9, 0, 2, 7, 5, 6];
    println!("before: {:?}", v);
    gnome_sort(&mut v);
    println!("after:  {:?}", v);
}
Output:
before: [10, 8, 4, 3, 1, 9, 0, 2, 7, 5, 6]
after:  [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

Scala

object GnomeSort {
  def gnomeSort(a: Array[Int]): Unit = {
    var (i, j) = (1, 2)
    while ( i < a.length)
      if (a(i - 1) <= a(i)) { i = j; j += 1 }
    else {
      val tmp = a(i - 1)
      a(i - 1) = a(i)
      a({i -= 1; i + 1}) = tmp
      i = if (i == 0) {j += 1; j - 1} else i
    }
  }
}

Scheme

; supply comparison function, which returns true if first and second
; arguments are in order or equal.
(define (gnome-sort-compar in-order input-list)
  (let gnome ((p (list (car input-list)))
              (n (cdr input-list)))
    (if (null? n) ; no more flowerpots?
        p ; we're done
        (let ((prev-pot (car p))
              (next-pot (car n)))
          (if (in-order next-pot prev-pot)
              ; if the pots are in order, step forwards.
              ; otherwise, exchange the two pots, and step backwards.
              (gnome (cons next-pot p) ; Prev list grows
                     (cdr n)) ; Next list shorter by one
              (if (null? (cdr p)) ; are we at the beginning?
                  (gnome                    ; if so, we can't step back
                   (list next-pot)          ; simply exchange the pots without
                   (cons prev-pot (cdr n))) ; changing lengths of lists
                  (gnome
                   (cdr p) ; Prev list shorter by one
                   (cons next-pot (cons prev-pot (cdr n))))))))))
#;1> (gnome-sort-compar <= '(98 36 2 78 5 81 32 90 73 21 94 28 53 25 10 99))
(2 5 10 21 25 28 32 36 53 73 78 81 90 94 98 99)

Sidef

class Array {
    method gnomesort {
        var (i=1, j=2);
        var len = self.len;
        while (i < len) {
            if (self[i-1] <= self[i]) {
                (i, j) = (j, j+1);
            }
            else {
                self[i-1, i] = self[i, i-1];
                if (--i == 0) {
                    (i, j) = (j, j+1);
                }
            }
        }
        return self;
    }
}

var ary = [7,6,5,9,8,4,3,1,2,0];
say ary.gnomesort;
Output:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

Smalltalk

Smalltalk at: #gnomesort put: nil.

"Utility"
OrderedCollection extend [
  swap: a with: b [ |t|
      t := self at: a.
      self at: a put: b.
      self at: b put: t
  ]
].

"Gnome sort as block closure"
gnomesort := [ :c |
  |i j|
  i := 2. j := 3.
  [ i <= (c size) ]
    whileTrue: [
       (c at: (i-1)) <= (c at: i)
          ifTrue: [
             i := j copy.
             j := j + 1.
          ]
          ifFalse: [
             c swap: (i-1) with: i.
             i := i - 1.
             i == 1
               ifTrue: [
                  i := j copy.
                  j := j + 1
               ]
          ]
    ]
].

Testing

|r o|
r := Random new.
o := OrderedCollection new.

1 to: 10 do: [ :i | o add: (r between: 0 and: 50) ].

gnomesort value: o.

1 to: 10 do: [ :i | (o at: i) displayNl ].

SNOBOL4

Implementation of the Gnome sort. Note this is an overengineered approach that performs many checks the real world would need but might obfuscate intent. As such the actual implementation is carefully labelled and the rest can be ignored except as interest dictates.

*** GNOME SORT *****************************************************************
* GNOME(V)    -- gnome sort of the numerical vector V.
*** HELPER FUNCTIONS ***********************************************************
* IDXMAX(V)   -- highest index of vector V.
* IDXMIN(V)   -- lowest index of vector V.
* NUMBER(V)   -- succeeds if V is some form of numerical data, fails otherwise.
* NUMBERS(V)  -- succeeds iff all elements of vector V are numerical
* SWAP(A,B)   -- swaps the values of two variables (named with .var).
* VECTOR(V)   -- succeeds iff V is a vector.
********************************************************************************
  define('GNOME(V)I,J,K,L,H,T')
*
  define('IDXMAX(V)')
  define('IDXMIN(V)')
  define('NUMBER(V)')
  define('NUMBERS(V)I,M')
  define('SWAP(SWAP_PARAMETER_VAR_A,SWAP_PARAMETER_VAR_B)')
  define('VECTOR(V)')
  :(GNOME.END)

****************************************
* GNOME FUNCTION                       *
****************************************
GNOME         numbers(v)                                  :F(FRETURN)
              gnome = copy(v)
              l = idxmin(v) ; h = idxmax(v) ; i = l + 1
GNOME.LOOP    j = i - 1
              le(i, l)                                    :S(GNOME.FORWARD)
              gt(i,h)                                     :S(RETURN)
              le(gnome<j>, gnome<i>)                      :S(GNOME.FORWARD)
              swap(.gnome<j>, .gnome<i>)
              i = i - 1                                   :(GNOME.LOOP)
GNOME.FORWARD i = i + 1                                   :(GNOME.LOOP)

****************************************
* HELPER FUNCTIONS                     *
****************************************
IDXMAX        vector(v)                                   :F(FRETURN)
              prototype(v) ':' span('-' &digits) . idxmax :S(RETURN)F(IDXMAX.NORM)
IDXMAX.NORM   idxmax = prototype(v)                       :(RETURN)
****************************************
IDXMIN        vector(v)                                   :F(FRETURN)
              prototype(v) span('-' &digits) . idxmin ':' :S(RETURN)F(IDXMIN.NORM)
IDXMIN.NORM   idxmin = 1                                  :(RETURN)
****************************************
NUMBER      ident(datatype(v), 'INTEGER')                 :S(RETURN)
            ident(datatype(v), 'REAL')                    :S(RETURN)F(FRETURN)
****************************************
NUMBERS       vector(v)                                   :F(FRETURN)
              i = idxmin(v) ; m = idxmax(v)
NUMBERS.LOOP  le(i,m)                                     :F(RETURN)
              number(v<i>)                                :F(FRETURN)
              i = i + 1                                   :(NUMBERS.LOOP)
****************************************
SWAP        SWAP = $SWAP_PARAMETER_VAR_A
            $SWAP_PARAMETER_VAR_A = $SWAP_PARAMETER_VAR_B
            $SWAP_PARAMETER_VAR_B = SWAP
            SWAP =                                        :(RETURN)
****************************************
VECTOR        ident(v)                                    :S(FRETURN)
              prototype(v) ','                            :S(FRETURN)F(RETURN)
****************************************
GNOME.END

The test script looks like this:

-INCLUDE 'gnome_sort.sno'

GNOME.TEST  output = 'valid values...'
            a = array(5)
            a<1> = 50 ; a<2> = 40 ; a<3> = 10
            a<4> = 30 ; a<5> = 20
            b = gnome(a)                                :F(ERROR)
            eq(b<1>,10) ; eq(b<2>,20) ; eq(b<3>,30)     :F(ERROR)
            eq(b<4>,40) ; eq(b<5>,50)                   :F(ERROR)
            a = array('-2:2')
            a<-2> = 50 ; a<-1> = 40 ; a<0> = 10
            a<1> = 30 ; a<2> = 20
            b = gnome(a)                                :F(ERROR)
            eq(b<-2>,10) ; eq(b<-1>,20) ; eq(b<0>,30)   :F(ERROR)
            eq(b<1>,40) ; eq(b<2>,50)                   :F(ERROR)
            a = array(5)
            a<1> = 5.5 ; a<2> = 4.4 ; a<3> = 1.1
            a<4> = 3.3 ; a<5> = 2.2
            b = gnome(a)                                :F(ERROR)
            eq(b<1>,1.1) ; eq(b<2>,2.2) ; eq(b<3>,3.3)  :F(ERROR)
            eq(b<4>,4.4) ; eq(b<5>,5.5)                 :F(ERROR)
            output = 'invalid values...'
            a = array(5, "five")
            b = gnome(a)                                :S(ERROR)
            a = array(5)
            b = gnome(a)                                :S(ERROR)
            output = 'PASSED!'

END

Swift

func gnomeSort<T: Comparable>(_ a: inout [T]) {
    var i = 1
    var j = 2
    while i < a.count {
        if a[i - 1] <= a[i] {
            i = j
            j += 1
        } else {
            a.swapAt(i - 1, i)
            i -= 1
            if i == 0 {
                i = j
                j += 1
            }
        }
    }
}

var array = [10, 8, 4, 3, 1, 9, 0, 2, 7, 5, 6]
print("before: \(array)")
gnomeSort(&array)
print(" after: \(array)")
Output:
before: [10, 8, 4, 3, 1, 9, 0, 2, 7, 5, 6]
 after: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

Tcl

Library: Tcllib (Package: struct::list)
package require Tcl 8.5
package require struct::list

proc gnomesort {a} {    
    set i 1
    set j 2
    set size [llength $a]
    while {$i < $size} {
        if {[lindex $a [expr {$i - 1}]] <= [lindex $a $i]} {
            set i $j
            incr j
        } else {
            struct::list swap a [expr {$i - 1}] $i
            incr i -1
            if {$i == 0} {
                set i $j
                incr j
            }
        }
    }
    return $a
}

puts [gnomesort {8 6 4 2 1 3 5 7 9}] ;# => 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ursala

The function is parameterized by a relational predicate and operates on a list. The algorithm is to scan forward until finding an item out of order, bubble it backwards to its proper position and resume scanning forward from where it was.

gnome_sort "p" =

@NiX ^=lx -+                                                                     # iteration
   ~&r?\~& @lNXrX ->llx2rhPlrPCTxPrtPX~&lltPlhPrCXPrX ~&ll&& @llPrXh not "p",    # backward bubble
   ->~&rhPlCrtPX ~&r&& ~&lZ!| @bh "p"+-                                          # forward scan

Most of the code is wasted on dull but unavoidable stack manipulations. Here is a test program using the lexical partial order relation.

#import std
#cast %s

t = gnome_sort(lleq) 'dfijhkwlawfkjnksdjnoqwjefgflkdsgioi'

output:

'adddeffffgghiiijjjjkkkkllnnooqsswww'

VBScript

Implementation

function gnomeSort( a )
	dim i
	dim j
	i = 1
	j = 2
	do while i < ubound( a ) + 1
		if a(i-1) <= a(i) then
			i = j
			j = j + 1
		else
			swap a(i-1), a(i)
			i = i - 1
			if i = 0 then
				i = j
				j = j + 1
			end if
		end if
	loop
	gnomeSort = a
end function

sub swap( byref x, byref y )
	dim temp
	temp = x
	x = y
	y = temp
end sub

Invocation

dim a
dim b

a = array( "zanzibar", "aardvark","ampicillin","zulu","gogodala", "wolverhampton")
b = gnomeSort( a )
wscript.echo join(a, ", ")

a = array( 234,567,345,568,2345,89,547,23,649,5769,456,456,567)
b = gnomeSort( a )
wscript.echo join(a, ", ")

a = array( true, false, true, true, false, false, true, false)
b = gnomeSort( a )
wscript.echo join(a, ", ")

a = array( 1,2,2,4,67789,-3,-45.99)
b = gnomeSort( a )
wscript.echo join(a, ", ")

a = array( now(), now()-1,now()+2)
b = gnomeSort( a )
wscript.echo join(a, ", ")

Output

aardvark, ampicillin, gogodala, wolverhampton, zanzibar, zulu
23, 89, 234, 345, 456, 456, 547, 567, 567, 568, 649, 2345, 5769
True, True, True, True, False, False, False, False
-45.99, -3, 1, 2, 2, 4, 67789
2/02/2010 10:19:51 AM, 3/02/2010 10:19:51 AM, 5/02/2010 10:19:51 AM

Note: All data in VBScript is of type Variant. Thus the code can sort many different types of data without code modification.

V (Vlang)

Translation of: go
fn main() {
    mut a := [170, 45, 75, -90, -802, 24, 2, 66]
    println("before: $a")
    gnome_sort(mut a)
    println("after: $a")
}
 
fn gnome_sort(mut a []int) {
    for i, j := 1, 2; i < a.len; {
        if a[i-1] > a[i] {
            a[i-1], a[i] = a[i], a[i-1]
            i--
            if i > 0 {
                continue
            }
        }
        i = j
        j++
    }
}
Output:
before: [170, 45, 75, -90, -802, 24, 2, 66]
after: [-802, -90, 2, 24, 45, 66, 75, 170]

Wren

var gnomeSort = Fn.new { |a, asc|
    var size = a.count
    var i = 1
    var j = 2
    while (i < size) {
        if ((asc && a[i-1] <= a[i]) || (!asc && a[i-1] >= a[i])) {
            i = j
            j = j + 1
        } else {
            var t = a[i-1]
            a[i-1] = a[i]
            a[i] = t
            i = i - 1
            if (i == 0) {
                i = j
                j = j + 1
            }
        }
    }
}

var array = [ [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1], [7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3] ]

for (asc in [true, false]) {
    System.print("Sorting in %(asc ? "ascending" : "descending") order:\n")
    for (a in array) {
        var b = (asc) ? a : a.toList
        System.print("Before: %(b)") 
        gnomeSort.call(b, asc)
        System.print("After : %(b)")
        System.print()
    }
}
Output:
Sorting in ascending order:

Before: [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1]
After : [-31, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782]

Before: [7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3]
After : [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7]

Sorting in descending order:

Before: [-31, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782]
After : [782, 99, 83, 65, 4, 2, 2, 1, 0, -31]

Before: [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7]
After : [7, 6, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 1]

XPL0

code ChOut=8, IntOut=11;

proc GnomeSort(A(0..Size-1));   \Sort array A
int  A, Size;
int  I, J, T;
[I:= 1;
J:= 2;
while I < Size do
    if A(I-1) <= A(I) then
        [\ for descending sort, use >= for comparison
        I:= J;
        J:= J+1; 
        ]
    else
        [T:= A(I-1);  A(I-1):= A(I);  A(I):= T; \swap
        I:= I-1;
        if I = 0 then
            [I:= J;
            J:= J+1;
            ];
        ];
];

int A, I;
[A:= [3, 1, 4, 1, -5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 4];
GnomeSort(A, 10);
for I:= 0 to 10-1 do [IntOut(0, A(I));  ChOut(0, ^ )];
]
Output:
-5 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 9 

zkl

fcn gnomeSort(a){
   i,j,size := 1,2,a.len();
   while(i < size){
      if(a[i-1] > a[i]){ // for descending sort, use < for comparison
	 a.swap(i-1,i);
	 i = i - 1;
	 if(i) continue;
      }
      i = j;
      j = j + 1;
   }//while
   a
}
gnomeSort("This is a test".split("")).println();
Output:
L(" "," "," ","T","a","e","h","i","i","s","s","s","t","t")