Changeable words
Changeable words is a draft programming task. It is not yet considered ready to be promoted as a complete task, for reasons that should be found in its talk page.
- Task
Using the dictionary unixdict.txt, change one letter in a word, and if the changed word occurs in the dictionary,
then display the original word and the changed word here (on this page).
The length of any word shown should have a length > 11.
Other tasks related to string operations:
- Metrics
- Counting
- Word frequency
- Letter frequency
- Jewels and stones
- I before E except after C
- Bioinformatics/base count
- Count occurrences of a substring
- Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string
- Remove/replace
- XXXX redacted
- Conjugate a Latin verb
- Remove vowels from a string
- String interpolation (included)
- Strip block comments
- Strip comments from a string
- Strip a set of characters from a string
- Strip whitespace from a string -- top and tail
- Strip control codes and extended characters from a string
- Anagrams/Derangements/shuffling
- Word wheel
- ABC problem
- Sattolo cycle
- Knuth shuffle
- Ordered words
- Superpermutation minimisation
- Textonyms (using a phone text pad)
- Anagrams
- Anagrams/Deranged anagrams
- Permutations/Derangements
- Find/Search/Determine
- ABC words
- Odd words
- Word ladder
- Semordnilap
- Word search
- Wordiff (game)
- String matching
- Tea cup rim text
- Alternade words
- Changeable words
- State name puzzle
- String comparison
- Unique characters
- Unique characters in each string
- Extract file extension
- Levenshtein distance
- Palindrome detection
- Common list elements
- Longest common suffix
- Longest common prefix
- Compare a list of strings
- Longest common substring
- Find common directory path
- Words from neighbour ones
- Change e letters to i in words
- Non-continuous subsequences
- Longest common subsequence
- Longest palindromic substrings
- Longest increasing subsequence
- Words containing "the" substring
- Sum of the digits of n is substring of n
- Determine if a string is numeric
- Determine if a string is collapsible
- Determine if a string is squeezable
- Determine if a string has all unique characters
- Determine if a string has all the same characters
- Longest substrings without repeating characters
- Find words which contains all the vowels
- Find words which contains most consonants
- Find words which contains more than 3 vowels
- Find words which first and last three letters are equals
- Find words which odd letters are consonants and even letters are vowels or vice_versa
- Formatting
- Substring
- Rep-string
- Word wrap
- String case
- Align columns
- Literals/String
- Repeat a string
- Brace expansion
- Brace expansion using ranges
- Reverse a string
- Phrase reversals
- Comma quibbling
- Special characters
- String concatenation
- Substring/Top and tail
- Commatizing numbers
- Reverse words in a string
- Suffixation of decimal numbers
- Long literals, with continuations
- Numerical and alphabetical suffixes
- Abbreviations, easy
- Abbreviations, simple
- Abbreviations, automatic
- Song lyrics/poems/Mad Libs/phrases
- Mad Libs
- Magic 8-ball
- 99 Bottles of Beer
- The Name Game (a song)
- The Old lady swallowed a fly
- The Twelve Days of Christmas
- Tokenize
- Text between
- Tokenize a string
- Word break problem
- Tokenize a string with escaping
- Split a character string based on change of character
- Sequences
C++
<lang cpp>#include <cstdlib>
- include <fstream>
- include <iomanip>
- include <iostream>
- include <string>
- include <vector>
int hamming_distance(const std::string& str1, const std::string& str2) {
size_t len1 = str1.size();
size_t len2 = str2.size();
if (len1 != len2)
return 0;
int count = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < len1; ++i) {
if (str1[i] != str2[i])
++count;
// don't care about counts > 2 in this case
if (count == 2)
break;
}
return count;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
const char* filename(argc < 2 ? "unixdict.txt" : argv[1]);
std::ifstream in(filename);
if (!in) {
std::cerr << "Cannot open file '" << filename << "'.\n";
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
std::string line;
std::vector<std::string> dictionary;
while (getline(in, line)) {
if (line.size() > 11)
dictionary.push_back(line);
}
std::cout << "Changeable words in " << filename << ":\n";
int n = 1;
for (const std::string& word1 : dictionary) {
for (const std::string& word2 : dictionary) {
if (hamming_distance(word1, word2) == 1)
std::cout << std::setw(2) << std::right << n++
<< ": " << std::setw(14) << std::left << word1
<< " -> " << word2 << '\n';
}
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}</lang>
- Output:
Changeable words in unixdict.txt: 1: aristotelean -> aristotelian 2: aristotelian -> aristotelean 3: claustrophobia -> claustrophobic 4: claustrophobic -> claustrophobia 5: committeeman -> committeemen 6: committeemen -> committeeman 7: committeewoman -> committeewomen 8: committeewomen -> committeewoman 9: complementary -> complimentary 10: complimentary -> complementary 11: confirmation -> conformation 12: conformation -> confirmation 13: congresswoman -> congresswomen 14: congresswomen -> congresswoman 15: councilwoman -> councilwomen 16: councilwomen -> councilwoman 17: craftsperson -> draftsperson 18: draftsperson -> craftsperson 19: eavesdropped -> eavesdropper 20: eavesdropper -> eavesdropped 21: frontiersman -> frontiersmen 22: frontiersmen -> frontiersman 23: handicraftsman -> handicraftsmen 24: handicraftsmen -> handicraftsman 25: incommutable -> incomputable 26: incomputable -> incommutable 27: installation -> instillation 28: instillation -> installation 29: kaleidescope -> kaleidoscope 30: kaleidoscope -> kaleidescope 31: neuroanatomy -> neuroanotomy 32: neuroanotomy -> neuroanatomy 33: newspaperman -> newspapermen 34: newspapermen -> newspaperman 35: nonagenarian -> nonogenarian 36: nonogenarian -> nonagenarian 37: onomatopoeia -> onomatopoeic 38: onomatopoeic -> onomatopoeia 39: philanthrope -> philanthropy 40: philanthropy -> philanthrope 41: prescription -> proscription 42: proscription -> prescription 43: schizophrenia -> schizophrenic 44: schizophrenic -> schizophrenia 45: shakespearean -> shakespearian 46: shakespearian -> shakespearean 47: spectroscope -> spectroscopy 48: spectroscopy -> spectroscope 49: underclassman -> underclassmen 50: underclassmen -> underclassman 51: upperclassman -> upperclassmen 52: upperclassmen -> upperclassman
FreeBASIC
Brute force method, reuses some code from Odd_words#FreeBASIC. <lang freebasic>
- define NULL 0
type node
word as string*32 'enough space to store any word in the dictionary nxt as node ptr
end type
function addword( tail as node ptr, word as string ) as node ptr
'allocates memory for a new node, links the previous tail to it, 'and returns the address of the new node dim as node ptr newnode = allocate(sizeof(node)) tail->nxt = newnode newnode->nxt = NULL newnode->word = word return newnode
end function
function length( word as string ) as uinteger
'necessary replacement for the built-in len function, which in this
'case would always return 32
for i as uinteger = 1 to 32
if asc(mid(word,i,1)) = 0 then return i-1
next i
return 999
end function
dim as string word dim as node ptr tail = allocate( sizeof(node) ) dim as node ptr head = tail, curr = head, currj tail->nxt = NULL tail->word = "XXXXHEADER"
open "unixdict.txt" for input as #1 while true
line input #1, word if word = "" then exit while if length(word)>11 then tail = addword( tail, word )
wend close #1
dim as string tempword
while curr->nxt <> NULL
for i as uinteger = 1 to length(curr->word)
for j as uinteger = 97 to 122
if j = asc(mid(curr->word,i,1)) then continue for
tempword = left(curr->word,i-1)+ chr(j) + mid(curr->word, i+1, length(curr->word)-i)
currj = head
while currj->nxt <> NULL
if tempword = currj->word then print left(curr->word,length(curr->word));" ---> ";tempword
currj = currj->nxt
wend
next j
next i
curr = curr->nxt
wend</lang>
- Output:
aristotelean ---> aristotelian aristotelian ---> aristotelean claustrophobia ---> claustrophobic claustrophobic ---> claustrophobia committeeman ---> committeemen committeemen ---> committeeman committeewoman ---> committeewomen committeewomen ---> committeewoman complementary ---> complimentary complimentary ---> complementary confirmation ---> conformation conformation ---> confirmation congresswoman ---> congresswomen congresswomen ---> congresswoman councilwoman ---> councilwomen councilwomen ---> councilwoman craftsperson ---> draftsperson draftsperson ---> craftsperson eavesdropped ---> eavesdropper eavesdropper ---> eavesdropped frontiersman ---> frontiersmen frontiersmen ---> frontiersman handicraftsman ---> handicraftsmen handicraftsmen ---> handicraftsman incommutable ---> incomputable incomputable ---> incommutable installation ---> instillation instillation ---> installation kaleidescope ---> kaleidoscope kaleidoscope ---> kaleidescope neuroanatomy ---> neuroanotomy neuroanotomy ---> neuroanatomy newspaperman ---> newspapermen newspapermen ---> newspaperman nonagenarian ---> nonogenarian nonogenarian ---> nonagenarian onomatopoeia ---> onomatopoeic onomatopoeic ---> onomatopoeia philanthrope ---> philanthropy philanthropy ---> philanthrope prescription ---> proscription proscription ---> prescription schizophrenia ---> schizophrenic schizophrenic ---> schizophrenia shakespearean ---> shakespearian shakespearian ---> shakespearean spectroscope ---> spectroscopy spectroscopy ---> spectroscope underclassman ---> underclassmen underclassmen ---> underclassman upperclassman ---> upperclassmen upperclassmen ---> upperclassman
Go
<lang go>package main
import (
"bytes" "fmt" "io/ioutil" "log" "unicode/utf8"
)
func hammingDist(s1, s2 string) int {
r1 := []rune(s1) // in case there are non-ASCII characters
r2 := []rune(s2) // ditto
if len(r1) != len(r2) {
return 0
}
count := 0
for i := 0; i < len(r1); i++ {
if r1[i] != r2[i] {
count++
if count == 2 {
break // don't care about counts > 2
}
}
}
return count
}
func main() {
wordList := "unixdict.txt"
b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(wordList)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error reading file")
}
bwords := bytes.Fields(b)
var words []string
for _, bword := range bwords {
s := string(bword)
if utf8.RuneCountInString(s) > 11 {
words = append(words, s)
}
}
count := 0
fmt.Println("Changeable words in", wordList, "\b:")
for _, word1 := range words {
for _, word2 := range words {
if word1 != word2 && hammingDist(word1, word2) == 1 {
count++
fmt.Printf("%2d: %-14s -> %s\n", count, word1, word2)
}
}
}
}</lang>
- Output:
Changeable words in unixdict.txt: 1: aristotelean -> aristotelian 2: aristotelian -> aristotelean 3: claustrophobia -> claustrophobic 4: claustrophobic -> claustrophobia 5: committeeman -> committeemen 6: committeemen -> committeeman 7: committeewoman -> committeewomen 8: committeewomen -> committeewoman 9: complementary -> complimentary 10: complimentary -> complementary 11: confirmation -> conformation 12: conformation -> confirmation 13: congresswoman -> congresswomen 14: congresswomen -> congresswoman 15: councilwoman -> councilwomen 16: councilwomen -> councilwoman 17: craftsperson -> draftsperson 18: draftsperson -> craftsperson 19: eavesdropped -> eavesdropper 20: eavesdropper -> eavesdropped 21: frontiersman -> frontiersmen 22: frontiersmen -> frontiersman 23: handicraftsman -> handicraftsmen 24: handicraftsmen -> handicraftsman 25: incommutable -> incomputable 26: incomputable -> incommutable 27: installation -> instillation 28: instillation -> installation 29: kaleidescope -> kaleidoscope 30: kaleidoscope -> kaleidescope 31: neuroanatomy -> neuroanotomy 32: neuroanotomy -> neuroanatomy 33: newspaperman -> newspapermen 34: newspapermen -> newspaperman 35: nonagenarian -> nonogenarian 36: nonogenarian -> nonagenarian 37: onomatopoeia -> onomatopoeic 38: onomatopoeic -> onomatopoeia 39: philanthrope -> philanthropy 40: philanthropy -> philanthrope 41: prescription -> proscription 42: proscription -> prescription 43: schizophrenia -> schizophrenic 44: schizophrenic -> schizophrenia 45: shakespearean -> shakespearian 46: shakespearian -> shakespearean 47: spectroscope -> spectroscopy 48: spectroscopy -> spectroscope 49: underclassman -> underclassmen 50: underclassmen -> underclassman 51: upperclassman -> upperclassmen 52: upperclassmen -> upperclassman
Julia
After finding for example "are <=> art", we do not also list the redundant "art <=> are" below. <lang julia>function changeable(wordfile, lengthover)
words, results = split(read(wordfile, String)), []
worddict = Dict(w => length(w) for w in words)
for w in words
len = get(worddict, w, 0)
if len <= lengthover
continue
end
alternatives = [w[1:p[1]-1] * p[2] * w[p[1]+1:end] for p in Iterators.product(1:len, 'a':'z')]
for a in alternatives
if a != w && haskey(worddict, a)
push!(results, join(sort([w, a]), " <=> "))
break
end
end
end
println(join(sort(unique(results)), "\n"))
end
changeable("unixdict.txt", 11)
</lang>
- Output:
aristotelean <=> aristotelian claustrophobia <=> claustrophobic committeeman <=> committeemen committeewoman <=> committeewomen complementary <=> complimentary confirmation <=> conformation congresswoman <=> congresswomen councilwoman <=> councilwomen craftsperson <=> draftsperson eavesdropped <=> eavesdropper frontiersman <=> frontiersmen handicraftsman <=> handicraftsmen incommutable <=> incomputable installation <=> instillation kaleidescope <=> kaleidoscope neuroanatomy <=> neuroanotomy newspaperman <=> newspapermen nonagenarian <=> nonogenarian onomatopoeia <=> onomatopoeic philanthrope <=> philanthropy prescription <=> proscription schizophrenia <=> schizophrenic shakespearean <=> shakespearian spectroscope <=> spectroscopy underclassman <=> underclassmen upperclassman <=> upperclassmen
Perl
<lang perl>#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict; use warnings;
my @words; @ARGV = 'unixdict.txt'; while( <> )
{
chomp;
length > 11 or next;
for my $prev ( @{ $words[length] } )
{
($prev ^ $_) =~ tr/\0//c == 1 and printf "%30s <-> %s\n", $prev, $_;
}
push @{ $words[length] }, $_;
}</lang>
- Output:
aristotelean <-> aristotelian
claustrophobia <-> claustrophobic
committeeman <-> committeemen
committeewoman <-> committeewomen
complementary <-> complimentary
confirmation <-> conformation
congresswoman <-> congresswomen
councilwoman <-> councilwomen
craftsperson <-> draftsperson
eavesdropped <-> eavesdropper
frontiersman <-> frontiersmen
handicraftsman <-> handicraftsmen
incommutable <-> incomputable
installation <-> instillation
kaleidescope <-> kaleidoscope
neuroanatomy <-> neuroanotomy
newspaperman <-> newspapermen
nonagenarian <-> nonogenarian
onomatopoeia <-> onomatopoeic
philanthrope <-> philanthropy
prescription <-> proscription
schizophrenia <-> schizophrenic
shakespearean <-> shakespearian
spectroscope <-> spectroscopy
underclassman <-> underclassmen
upperclassman <-> upperclassmen
Phix
<lang Phix>function changeable(string a, b)
return length(a)=length(b) and sum(sq_ne(a,b))=1
end function
function over11(string word) return length(word)>11 end function sequence words = filter(get_text("demo/unixdict.txt",GT_LF_STRIPPED),over11),
res = {}
for i=1 to length(words) do
for j=i+1 to length(words) do
if changeable(words[i],words[j]) then
res = append(res,words[i]&" <=> "&words[j])
end if
end for
end for printf(1,"%d changeable words found:\n%s\n",{length(res),join(shorten(res,"",3),"\n")})</lang>
- Output:
26 changeable words found: aristotelean <=> aristotelian claustrophobia <=> claustrophobic committeeman <=> committeemen ... spectroscope <=> spectroscopy underclassman <=> underclassmen upperclassman <=> upperclassmen
Python
<lang python>from collections import defaultdict, Counter
def getwords(minlength=11, fname='unixdict.txt'):
"Return set of lowercased words of > given number of characters"
with open(fname) as f:
words = f.read().strip().lower().split()
return {w for w in words if len(w) > minlength}
words11 = getwords() word_minus_1 = defaultdict(list) # map word minus char to (word, index) pairs minus_1_to_word = defaultdict(list) # map word minus char to word
for w in words11:
for i in range(len(w)):
minus_1 = w[:i] + w[i+1:]
word_minus_1[minus_1].append((w, i)) # minus one char
if minus_1 in words11:
minus_1_to_word[minus_1].append(w)
cwords = set() # Changed char words for _, v in word_minus_1.items():
if len(v) >1:
change_indices = Counter(i for wrd, i in v)
change_words = set(wrd for wrd, i in v)
words_changed = None
if len(change_words) > 1 and change_indices.most_common(1)[0][1] > 1:
words_changed = [wrd for wrd, i in v
if change_indices[i] > 1]
if words_changed:
cwords.add(tuple(sorted(words_changed)))
print(f"{len(minus_1_to_word)} words that are from deleting a char from other words:") for k, v in sorted(minus_1_to_word.items()):
print(f" {k:12} From {', '.join(v)}")
print(f"\n{len(cwords)} words that are from changing a char from other words:") for v in sorted(cwords):
print(f" {v[0]:12} From {', '.join(v[1:])}")</lang>
- Output:
6 words that are from deleting a char from other words: chromatograph From chromatography electroencephalograph From electroencephalography evolutionary From revolutionary michelangelo From michaelangelo spectrograph From spectrography tetrafluoride From tetrafluouride 26 words that are from changing a char from other words: aristotelean From aristotelian claustrophobia From claustrophobic committeeman From committeemen committeewoman From committeewomen complementary From complimentary confirmation From conformation congresswoman From congresswomen councilwoman From councilwomen craftsperson From draftsperson eavesdropped From eavesdropper frontiersman From frontiersmen handicraftsman From handicraftsmen incommutable From incomputable installation From instillation kaleidescope From kaleidoscope neuroanatomy From neuroanotomy newspaperman From newspapermen nonagenarian From nonogenarian onomatopoeia From onomatopoeic philanthrope From philanthropy prescription From proscription schizophrenia From schizophrenic shakespearean From shakespearian spectroscope From spectroscopy underclassman From underclassmen upperclassman From upperclassmen
Raku
Sorensen-Dice is very fast to calculate similarities but isn't great for detecting small changes. Levenshtein is great for detecting small changes but isn't very fast.
Get the best of both worlds by doing an initial filter with Sorensen, then get exact results with Levenshtein. <lang perl6>use Text::Levenshtein; use Text::Sorensen :sorensen;
my @words = grep {.chars > 11}, 'unixdict.txt'.IO.words;
my %bi-grams = @words.map: { $_ => .&bi-gram };
my %skip = @words.map: { $_ => 0 };
say (++$).fmt('%2d'), |$_ for @words.hyper.map: -> $this {
next if %skip{$this};
my ($word, @sorensens) = sorensen($this, %bi-grams);
next unless @sorensens.=grep: { 1 > .[0] > .8 };
@sorensens = @sorensens»[1].grep: {$this.chars == .chars};
my @levenshtein = distance($this, @sorensens).grep: * == 1, :k;
next unless +@levenshtein;
%skip{$_}++ for @sorensens[@levenshtein];
": {$this.fmt('%14s')} <-> ", @sorensens[@levenshtein].join: ', ';
}</lang>
- Output:
1: aristotelean <-> aristotelian 2: claustrophobia <-> claustrophobic 3: committeeman <-> committeemen 4: committeewoman <-> committeewomen 5: complimentary <-> complementary 6: confirmation <-> conformation 7: congresswoman <-> congresswomen 8: councilwoman <-> councilwomen 9: draftsperson <-> craftsperson 10: eavesdropped <-> eavesdropper 11: frontiersman <-> frontiersmen 12: handicraftsman <-> handicraftsmen 13: incommutable <-> incomputable 14: installation <-> instillation 15: kaleidescope <-> kaleidoscope 16: neuroanatomy <-> neuroanotomy 17: newspaperman <-> newspapermen 18: nonagenarian <-> nonogenarian 19: onomatopoeia <-> onomatopoeic 20: philanthrope <-> philanthropy 21: proscription <-> prescription 22: schizophrenia <-> schizophrenic 23: shakespearean <-> shakespearian 24: spectroscope <-> spectroscopy 25: underclassman <-> underclassmen 26: upperclassman <-> upperclassmen
REXX
This REXX version doesn't care what order the words in the dictionary are in, nor does it care what
case (lower/upper/mixed) the words are in, the search for alternades is caseless.
It also allows the minimum length to be specified on the command line (CL) as well as the dictionary file identifier. <lang rexx>/*REXX program finds changeable words (within an identified dict.), changing any letter.*/ parse arg minL iFID . /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/ if minL== | minL=="," then minL= 12 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ if iFID== | iFID=="," then iFID='unixdict.txt' /* " " " " " " */ @.= /*default value of any dictionary word.*/
do #=1 while lines(iFID)\==0 /*read each word in the file (word=X).*/
x= strip( linein( iFID) ) /*pick off a word from the input line. */
$.#= x; upper x; @.x= $.# /*save: original case. */
end /*#*/ /* [↑] semaphore name is uppercased. */
say copies('─', 30) # "words in the dictionary file: " iFID finds= 0 /*count of the changeable words found.*/ abc= 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'; upper abc /*alphabet ordered by frequency of use.*/ Labc= length(abc) /*the length of the alphabet to be used*/
do j=1 for #-1; L= length($.j) /*process all the words that were found*/
if L<minL then iterate /*Is the word long enough? No, skip it*/
if \datatype($.j, 'M') then iterate /*verify that the word is all letters. */
x= $.j; upper x /*get an uppercased version of the word*/
pad= left(, 9) /*PAD: used for indenting the output.*/
do k=1 for L; y= substr(x, k, 1) /*Y: the current letter being changed.*/
do c=1 for Labc /* [↓] change the Y letter to another.*/
?= substr(abc, c, 1) /*get a new char to replace one in word*/
if ?==y then iterate /*Is this the same char? Then use next*/
new= overlay(?, x, k); upper new /*create a spanking new (changed) word.*/
if @.new== then iterate /*if the new word isn't a word, skip it*/
finds= finds + 1 /*bump count of changeable words found.*/
say pad left($.j, 30) @.new /*indent original word for readability.*/
end /*c*/
end /*k*/
end /*j*/
say copies('─', 30) finds ' changeable words found with a minimum length of ' minL</lang>
- output when using the default inputs:
────────────────────────────── 25105 words in the dictionary file: unixdict.txt
aristotelean aristotelian
aristotelian aristotelean
claustrophobia claustrophobic
claustrophobic claustrophobia
committeeman committeemen
committeemen committeeman
committeewoman committeewomen
committeewomen committeewoman
complementary complimentary
complimentary complementary
confirmation conformation
conformation confirmation
congresswoman congresswomen
congresswomen congresswoman
councilwoman councilwomen
councilwomen councilwoman
craftsperson draftsperson
draftsperson craftsperson
eavesdropped eavesdropper
eavesdropper eavesdropped
frontiersman frontiersmen
frontiersmen frontiersman
handicraftsman handicraftsmen
handicraftsmen handicraftsman
incommutable incomputable
incomputable incommutable
installation instillation
instillation installation
kaleidescope kaleidoscope
kaleidoscope kaleidescope
neuroanatomy neuroanotomy
neuroanotomy neuroanatomy
newspaperman newspapermen
newspapermen newspaperman
nonagenarian nonogenarian
nonogenarian nonagenarian
onomatopoeia onomatopoeic
onomatopoeic onomatopoeia
philanthrope philanthropy
philanthropy philanthrope
prescription proscription
proscription prescription
schizophrenia schizophrenic
schizophrenic schizophrenia
shakespearean shakespearian
shakespearian shakespearean
spectroscope spectroscopy
spectroscopy spectroscope
underclassman underclassmen
underclassmen underclassman
upperclassman upperclassmen
upperclassmen upperclassman
────────────────────────────── 52 changeable words found with a minimum length of 12
Ring
<lang ring> cStr = read("unixdict.txt") wordList = str2list(cStr) num = 0
see "working..." + nl
ln = len(wordList) for n = ln to 1 step -1
if len(wordList[n]) < 12
del(wordList,n)
ok
next
see "Changable words are:" + nl
for n = 1 to len(wordList)
len = len(wordList[n])
for m = 1 to len
abcList = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
for abc in abcList
str1 = left(wordList[n],m-1)
str2 = abc
str3 = right(wordList[n],len-m)
tempWord = str1 + str2 + str3
ind = find(wordList,tempWord)
bool = (ind > 0) and (wordList[n][m] != abc)
if bool = 1
num = num + 1
see "" + num + ". " + wordList[n] + " >> " + tempWord + nl
ok
next
next
next
see "done..." + nl </lang> Output:
working... Changable words are: 1. aristotelean >> aristotelian 2. aristotelian >> aristotelean 3. claustrophobia >> claustrophobic 4. claustrophobic >> claustrophobia 5. committeeman >> committeemen 6. committeemen >> committeeman 7. committeewoman >> committeewomen 8. committeewomen >> committeewoman 9. complementary >> complimentary 10. complimentary >> complementary 11. confirmation >> conformation 12. conformation >> confirmation 13. congresswoman >> congresswomen 14. congresswomen >> congresswoman 15. councilwoman >> councilwomen 16. councilwomen >> councilwoman 17. craftsperson >> draftsperson 18. draftsperson >> craftsperson 19. eavesdropped >> eavesdropper 20. eavesdropper >> eavesdropped 21. frontiersman >> frontiersmen 22. frontiersmen >> frontiersman 23. handicraftsman >> handicraftsmen 24. handicraftsmen >> handicraftsman 25. incommutable >> incomputable 26. incomputable >> incommutable 27. installation >> instillation 28. instillation >> installation 29. kaleidescope >> kaleidoscope 30. kaleidoscope >> kaleidescope 31. neuroanatomy >> neuroanotomy 32. neuroanotomy >> neuroanatomy 33. newspaperman >> newspapermen 34. newspapermen >> newspaperman 35. nonagenarian >> nonogenarian 36. nonogenarian >> nonagenarian 37. onomatopoeia >> onomatopoeic 38. onomatopoeic >> onomatopoeia 39. philanthrope >> philanthropy 40. philanthropy >> philanthrope 41. prescription >> proscription 42. proscription >> prescription 43. schizophrenia >> schizophrenic 44. schizophrenic >> schizophrenia 45. shakespearean >> shakespearian 46. shakespearian >> shakespearean 47. spectroscope >> spectroscopy 48. spectroscopy >> spectroscope 49. underclassman >> underclassmen 50. underclassmen >> underclassman 51. upperclassman >> upperclassmen 52. upperclassmen >> upperclassman done...
Wren
Using the Hamming Distance between two equal length strings which needs to be 1 here: <lang ecmascript>import "io" for File import "/fmt" for Fmt
var hammingDist = Fn.new { |s1, s2|
s1 = s1.toList // in case there are non-ASCII characters
s2 = s2.toList // ditto
var count = 0
var i = 0
while (i < s1.count) {
if (s1[i] != s2[i]) {
count = count + 1
if (count == 2) break // don't care about counts > 2
}
i = i + 1
}
return count
}
var wordList = "unixdict.txt" // local copy var words = File.read(wordList).trimEnd().split("\n").where { |w| w.count > 11 }.toList var count = 0 System.print("Changeable words in %(wordList):") for (word1 in words) {
for (word2 in words) {
if (word1 != word2 && word1.count == word2.count) {
if (hammingDist.call(word1, word2) == 1) {
count = count + 1
Fmt.print("$2d: $-14s -> $s", count, word1, word2)
}
}
}
}</lang>
- Output:
Changeable words in unixdict.txt: 1: aristotelean -> aristotelian 2: aristotelian -> aristotelean 3: claustrophobia -> claustrophobic 4: claustrophobic -> claustrophobia 5: committeeman -> committeemen 6: committeemen -> committeeman 7: committeewoman -> committeewomen 8: committeewomen -> committeewoman 9: complementary -> complimentary 10: complimentary -> complementary 11: confirmation -> conformation 12: conformation -> confirmation 13: congresswoman -> congresswomen 14: congresswomen -> congresswoman 15: councilwoman -> councilwomen 16: councilwomen -> councilwoman 17: craftsperson -> draftsperson 18: draftsperson -> craftsperson 19: eavesdropped -> eavesdropper 20: eavesdropper -> eavesdropped 21: frontiersman -> frontiersmen 22: frontiersmen -> frontiersman 23: handicraftsman -> handicraftsmen 24: handicraftsmen -> handicraftsman 25: incommutable -> incomputable 26: incomputable -> incommutable 27: installation -> instillation 28: instillation -> installation 29: kaleidescope -> kaleidoscope 30: kaleidoscope -> kaleidescope 31: neuroanatomy -> neuroanotomy 32: neuroanotomy -> neuroanatomy 33: newspaperman -> newspapermen 34: newspapermen -> newspaperman 35: nonagenarian -> nonogenarian 36: nonogenarian -> nonagenarian 37: onomatopoeia -> onomatopoeic 38: onomatopoeic -> onomatopoeia 39: philanthrope -> philanthropy 40: philanthropy -> philanthrope 41: prescription -> proscription 42: proscription -> prescription 43: schizophrenia -> schizophrenic 44: schizophrenic -> schizophrenia 45: shakespearean -> shakespearian 46: shakespearian -> shakespearean 47: spectroscope -> spectroscopy 48: spectroscopy -> spectroscope 49: underclassman -> underclassmen 50: underclassmen -> underclassman 51: upperclassman -> upperclassmen 52: upperclassmen -> upperclassman
XPL0
<lang XPL0>string 0; \use zero-terminated strings int Dict(26000); \pointers to words (enough for unixdict.txt) int DictSize; \actual number of pointers in Dict
func StrCmp(A, B); \Compare string A to B char A, B; \Returns: >0 if A>B, =0 if A=B, and <0 if A>1 do
[if A(I) # B(I) then return A(I) - B(I);
if A(I) = 0 then return 0;
];
]; \StrCmp
func LookUp(Word); \Return 'true' if Word is in Dict char Word; int Lo, Hi, I, Cmp; [Lo:= 0; Hi:= DictSize-1; loop [I:= (Lo+Hi) / 2; \binary search
Cmp:= StrCmp(Word, Dict(I));
if Cmp < 0 then Hi:= I-1 else Lo:= I+1;
if Cmp = 0 then return true;
if Lo > Hi then return false;
];
]; \LookUp
int I, J, L, DI, Ch, Count; char Word, ChgWord(25); \longest word in unixdict.txt is 22 chars def Tab=$09, LF=$0A, CR=$0D, EOF=$1A;
[FSet(FOpen("unixdict.txt", 0), ^I); \load dictionary OpenI(3); \assume alphabetical order and all lowercase DI:= 0; \ignore non-alpha characters: 0..9, ' and & repeat Dict(DI):= Reserve(0); \get pointer to memory used to store Word
Word:= Dict(DI);
I:= 0;
loop [repeat Ch:= ChIn(3) until Ch # CR; \remove possible CR
if Ch=LF or Ch=EOF then quit;
Word(I):= Ch;
I:= I+1;
];
Word(I):= 0; \terminate Word string
I:= Reserve(I+1); \reserve memory used for Word
DI:= DI+1; \next dictionary entry
until Ch = EOF; DictSize:= DI;
DI:= 0; Count:= 0; \print out all changeable words repeat Word:= Dict(DI); \assume all lowercase letters
I:= 0; J:= 0;
loop [Ch:= Word(I);
if Ch = 0 then quit;
ChgWord(I):= Ch;
I:= I+1;
];
ChgWord(I):= 0;
if I >= 12 then \Word must have at least 12 chars
[for J:= 0 to I-1 do \for all letter positions in Word
[for L:= ^a to ^z do \for all letters
if L # Word(J) then
[ChgWord(J):= L;
if LookUp(ChgWord) then
[Count:= Count+1;
IntOut(0, Count); ChOut(0, Tab);
Text(0, Word); ChOut(0, Tab);
Text(0, ChgWord);
CrLf(0);
];
ChgWord(J):= Word(J); \undo letter change
];
];
];
DI:= DI+1;
until DI >= DictSize; ]</lang>
- Output:
1 aristotelean aristotelian 2 aristotelian aristotelean 3 claustrophobia claustrophobic 4 claustrophobic claustrophobia 5 committeeman committeemen 6 committeemen committeeman 7 committeewoman committeewomen 8 committeewomen committeewoman 9 complementary complimentary 10 complimentary complementary 11 confirmation conformation 12 conformation confirmation 13 congresswoman congresswomen 14 congresswomen congresswoman 15 councilwoman councilwomen 16 councilwomen councilwoman 17 craftsperson draftsperson 18 draftsperson craftsperson 19 eavesdropped eavesdropper 20 eavesdropper eavesdropped 21 frontiersman frontiersmen 22 frontiersmen frontiersman 23 handicraftsman handicraftsmen 24 handicraftsmen handicraftsman 25 incommutable incomputable 26 incomputable incommutable 27 installation instillation 28 instillation installation 29 kaleidescope kaleidoscope 30 kaleidoscope kaleidescope 31 neuroanatomy neuroanotomy 32 neuroanotomy neuroanatomy 33 newspaperman newspapermen 34 newspapermen newspaperman 35 nonagenarian nonogenarian 36 nonogenarian nonagenarian 37 onomatopoeia onomatopoeic 38 onomatopoeic onomatopoeia 39 philanthrope philanthropy 40 philanthropy philanthrope 41 prescription proscription 42 proscription prescription 43 schizophrenia schizophrenic 44 schizophrenic schizophrenia 45 shakespearean shakespearian 46 shakespearian shakespearean 47 spectroscope spectroscopy 48 spectroscopy spectroscope 49 underclassman underclassmen 50 underclassmen underclassman 51 upperclassman upperclassmen 52 upperclassmen upperclassman