Tau function
Given a positive integer, count the number of its positive divisors.
- Task
Show the result for the first 100 positive integers.
- Related task
C++
<lang cpp>#include <iomanip>
- include <iostream>
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisor_function unsigned int divisor_count(unsigned int n) {
unsigned int total = 1;
// Deal with powers of 2 first
for (; (n & 1) == 0; n >>= 1)
++total;
// Odd prime factors up to the square root
for (unsigned int p = 3; p * p <= n; p += 2) {
unsigned int count = 1;
for (; n % p == 0; n /= p)
++count;
total *= count;
}
// If n > 1 then it's prime
if (n > 1)
total *= 2;
return total;
}
int main() {
const unsigned int limit = 100;
std::cout << "Count of divisors for the first " << limit << " positive integers:\n";
for (unsigned int n = 1; n <= limit; ++n) {
std::cout << std::setw(3) << divisor_count(n);
if (n % 20 == 0)
std::cout << '\n';
}
}</lang>
- Output:
Count of divisors for the first 100 positive integers: 1 2 2 3 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 6 2 4 4 5 2 6 2 6 4 4 2 8 3 4 4 6 2 8 2 6 4 4 4 9 2 4 4 8 2 8 2 6 6 4 2 10 3 6 4 6 2 8 4 8 4 4 2 12 2 4 6 7 4 8 2 6 4 8 2 12 2 4 6 6 4 8 2 10 5 4 2 12 4 4 4 8 2 12 4 6 4 4 4 12 2 6 6 9
Go
<lang go>package main
import "fmt"
func countDivisors(n int) int {
count := 0
i := 1
k := 2
if n%2 == 0 {
k = 1
}
for i*i <= n {
if n%i == 0 {
count++
j := n / i
if j != i {
count++
}
}
i += k
}
return count
}
func main() {
fmt.Println("The tau functions for the first 100 positive integers are:")
for i := 1; i <= 100; i++ {
fmt.Printf("%2d ", countDivisors(i))
if i%20 == 0 {
fmt.Println()
}
}
}</lang>
- Output:
The tau functions for the first 100 positive integers are: 1 2 2 3 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 6 2 4 4 5 2 6 2 6 4 4 2 8 3 4 4 6 2 8 2 6 4 4 4 9 2 4 4 8 2 8 2 6 6 4 2 10 3 6 4 6 2 8 4 8 4 4 2 12 2 4 6 7 4 8 2 6 4 8 2 12 2 4 6 6 4 8 2 10 5 4 2 12 4 4 4 8 2 12 4 6 4 4 4 12 2 6 6 9
Python
Using prime factorization
<lang Python>def factorize(n):
assert(isinstance(n, int))
if n < 0:
n = -n
if n < 2:
return
k = 0
while 0 == n%2:
k += 1
n //= 2
if 0 < k:
yield (2,k)
p = 3
while p*p <= n:
k = 0
while 0 == n%p:
k += 1
n //= p
if 0 < k:
yield (p,k)
p += 2
if 1 < n:
yield (n,1)
def tau(n):
assert(n != 0)
ans = 1
for (p,k) in factorize(n):
ans *= 1 + k
return ans
if __name__ == "__main__":
print([tau(n) for n in range(1,101)])</lang>
Finding divisors efficiently
<lang Python>def tau(n):
assert(isinstance(n, int) and 0 < n)
ans, i, j = 0, 1, 1
while i*i <= n:
if 0 == n%i:
ans += 1
j = n//i
if j != i:
ans += 1
i += 1
return ans
if __name__ == "__main__":
print([tau(n) for n in range(1,101)])</lang>
- Output:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 4, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2, 4, 4, 5, 2, 6, 2, 6, 4, 4, 2, 8, 3, 4, 4, 6, 2, 8, 2, 6, 4, 4, 4, 9, 2, 4, 4, 8, 2, 8, 2, 6, 6, 4, 2, 10, 3, 6, 4, 6, 2, 8, 4, 8, 4, 4, 2, 12, 2, 4, 6, 7, 4, 8, 2, 6, 4, 8, 2, 12, 2, 4, 6, 6, 4, 8, 2, 10, 5, 4, 2, 12, 4, 4, 4, 8, 2, 12, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 12, 2, 6, 6, 9]
Raku
Yet more tasks that are tiny variations of each other. Tau function, Tau number, Sum of divisors and Product of divisors all use code with minimal changes. What the heck, post 'em all.
<lang perl6>use Prime::Factor:ver<0.3.0+>; use Lingua::EN::Numbers;
say "\nTau function - first 100:\n", # ID (1..*).map({ +.&divisors })[^100]\ # the task .batch(20)».fmt("%3d").join("\n"); # display formatting
say "\nTau numbers - first 100:\n", # ID (1..*).grep({ $_ %% +.&divisors })[^100]\ # the task .batch(10)».&comma».fmt("%5s").join("\n"); # display formatting
say "\nDivisor sums - first 100:\n", # ID (1..*).map({ [+] .&divisors })[^100]\ # the task .batch(20)».fmt("%4d").join("\n"); # display formatting
say "\nDivisor products - first 100:\n", # ID (1..*).map({ [×] .&divisors })[^100]\ # the task .batch(5)».&comma».fmt("%16s").join("\n"); # display formatting</lang>
- Output:
Tau function - first 100:
1 2 2 3 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 6 2 4 4 5 2 6 2 6
4 4 2 8 3 4 4 6 2 8 2 6 4 4 4 9 2 4 4 8
2 8 2 6 6 4 2 10 3 6 4 6 2 8 4 8 4 4 2 12
2 4 6 7 4 8 2 6 4 8 2 12 2 4 6 6 4 8 2 10
5 4 2 12 4 4 4 8 2 12 4 6 4 4 4 12 2 6 6 9
Tau numbers - first 100:
1 2 8 9 12 18 24 36 40 56
60 72 80 84 88 96 104 108 128 132
136 152 156 180 184 204 225 228 232 240
248 252 276 288 296 328 344 348 360 372
376 384 396 424 441 444 448 450 468 472
480 488 492 504 516 536 560 564 568 584
600 612 625 632 636 640 664 672 684 708
712 720 732 776 792 804 808 824 828 852
856 864 872 876 880 882 896 904 936 948
972 996 1,016 1,040 1,044 1,048 1,056 1,068 1,089 1,096
Divisor sums - first 100:
1 3 4 7 6 12 8 15 13 18 12 28 14 24 24 31 18 39 20 42
32 36 24 60 31 42 40 56 30 72 32 63 48 54 48 91 38 60 56 90
42 96 44 84 78 72 48 124 57 93 72 98 54 120 72 120 80 90 60 168
62 96 104 127 84 144 68 126 96 144 72 195 74 114 124 140 96 168 80 186
121 126 84 224 108 132 120 180 90 234 112 168 128 144 120 252 98 171 156 217
Divisor products - first 100:
1 2 3 8 5
36 7 64 27 100
11 1,728 13 196 225
1,024 17 5,832 19 8,000
441 484 23 331,776 125
676 729 21,952 29 810,000
31 32,768 1,089 1,156 1,225
10,077,696 37 1,444 1,521 2,560,000
41 3,111,696 43 85,184 91,125
2,116 47 254,803,968 343 125,000
2,601 140,608 53 8,503,056 3,025
9,834,496 3,249 3,364 59 46,656,000,000
61 3,844 250,047 2,097,152 4,225
18,974,736 67 314,432 4,761 24,010,000
71 139,314,069,504 73 5,476 421,875
438,976 5,929 37,015,056 79 3,276,800,000
59,049 6,724 83 351,298,031,616 7,225
7,396 7,569 59,969,536 89 531,441,000,000
8,281 778,688 8,649 8,836 9,025
782,757,789,696 97 941,192 970,299 1,000,000,000
REXX
<lang rexx>/*REXX program counts the number of divisors (tau, or sigma_0) up to and including N.*/ parse arg n . /*obtain optional argument from the CL.*/ if n== | n=="," then n= 100 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ say 'the number of divisors (tau) for integers up to ' n " (inclusive):"; say say '─index─' center(" tau (number of divisors) ", 80, '─') w= max(7, length(n) ) /*W: used to align 1st output column. */ $= /*$: the output list, shown 20/line. */
do j=1 for n /*list # proper divisors (tau) 1 ──► N */
$= $ || right( tau(j), 4) /*add a tau number to the output list. */
if j//20\==0 then iterate /*Not a multiple of 20? Don't display.*/
say center(j-19, 7) $; $= /*display partial list to the terminal.*/
end /*j*/
if $\== then say center(j-1, 7) $ /*any residuals left to display ? */ exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ tau: procedure; parse arg x 1 y /*X and $ are both set from the arg.*/
if x<6 then return 2 + (x==4) - (x==1) /*some low #s should be handled special*/
odd= x // 2 /*check if X is odd (remainder of 1).*/
if odd then do; #= 2; end /*Odd? Assume divisor count of 2. */
else do; #= 4; y= x % 2; end /*Even? " " " " 4. */
/* [↑] start with known number of divs*/
do j=3 for x%2-3 by 1+odd while j<y /*for odd number, skip even numbers. */
if x//j==0 then do /*if no remainder, then found a divisor*/
#= # + 2; y= x % j /*bump # of divisors; calculate limit.*/
if j>=y then do; #= # - 1; leave; end /*reached limit?*/
end /* ___ */
else if j*j>x then leave /*only divide up to √ x */
end /*j*/ /* [↑] this form of DO loop is faster.*/</lang>
- output when using the default input:
the number of divisors (tau) for integers up to 100 (inclusive): ─index─ ─────────────────────────── tau (number of divisors) ─────────────────────────── 1 1 2 2 3 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 6 2 4 4 5 2 6 2 6 21 4 4 2 8 3 4 4 6 2 8 2 6 4 4 4 9 2 4 4 8 41 2 8 2 6 6 4 2 10 3 6 4 6 2 8 4 8 4 4 2 12 61 2 4 6 7 4 8 2 6 4 8 2 12 2 4 6 6 4 8 2 10 81 5 4 2 12 4 4 4 8 2 12 4 6 4 4 4 12 2 6 6 9
Wren
<lang ecmascript>import "/math" for Int import "/fmt" for Fmt
System.print("The tau functions for the first 100 positive integers are:") for (i in 1..100) {
Fmt.write("$2d ", Int.divisors(i).count)
if (i % 20 == 0) System.print()
}</lang>
- Output:
The tau functions for the first 100 positive integers are: 1 2 2 3 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 6 2 4 4 5 2 6 2 6 4 4 2 8 3 4 4 6 2 8 2 6 4 4 4 9 2 4 4 8 2 8 2 6 6 4 2 10 3 6 4 6 2 8 4 8 4 4 2 12 2 4 6 7 4 8 2 6 4 8 2 12 2 4 6 6 4 8 2 10 5 4 2 12 4 4 4 8 2 12 4 6 4 4 4 12 2 6 6 9