Plot coordinate pairs
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Plot a function represented as `x', `y' numerical arrays.
Post link to your resulting image for input arrays (see Example section for Python language on Query Performance page):
x = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; y = {2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0};
This task is intended as a subtask for Measure relative performance of sorting algorithms implementations.
C
We could use the suite provided by Raster graphics operations, but those functions lack a facility to draw text.
<lang c>#include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
- include <math.h>
- include <plot.h>
- define NP 10
double x[NP] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; double y[NP] = {2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0};
void minmax(double *x, double *y, double *minx, double *maxx, double *miny, double *maxy, int n) {
int i;
*minx = *maxx = x[0]; *miny = *maxy = y[0]; for(i=1; i < n; i++) { if ( x[i] < *minx ) *minx = x[i]; if ( x[i] > *maxx ) *maxx = x[i]; if ( y[i] < *miny ) *miny = y[i]; if ( y[i] > *maxy ) *maxy = y[i]; }
}
/* likely we must play with this parameter to make the plot looks better
when using different set of data */
- define YLAB_HEIGHT_F 0.1
- define XLAB_WIDTH_F 0.2
- define XDIV (NP*1.0)
- define YDIV (NP*1.0)
- define EXTRA_W 0.01
- define EXTRA_H 0.01
- define DOTSCALE (1.0/150.0)
- define MAXLABLEN 32
- define PUSHSCALE(X,Y) pl_fscale((X),(Y))
- define POPSCALE(X,Y) pl_fscale(1.0/(X), 1.0/(Y))
- define FMOVESCALE(X,Y) pl_fmove((X)/sx, (Y)/sy)
int main() {
int plotter, i; double minx, miny, maxx, maxy; double lx, ly; double xticstep, yticstep, nx, ny; double sx, sy; char labs[MAXLABLEN+1];
plotter = pl_newpl("png", NULL, stdout, NULL); if ( plotter < 0 ) exit(1); pl_selectpl(plotter); if ( pl_openpl() < 0 ) exit(1);
/* determines minx, miny, maxx, maxy */ minmax(x, y, &minx, &maxx, &miny, &maxy, NP);
lx = maxx - minx; ly = maxy - miny; pl_fspace(floor(minx) - XLAB_WIDTH_F * lx, floor(miny) - YLAB_HEIGHT_F * ly,
ceil(maxx) + EXTRA_W * lx, ceil(maxy) + EXTRA_H * ly);
/* compute x,y-ticstep */ xticstep = (ceil(maxx) - floor(minx)) / XDIV; yticstep = (ceil(maxy) - floor(miny)) / YDIV;
pl_flinewidth(0.25);
/* compute scale factors to adjust aspect */ if ( lx < ly ) { sx = lx/ly; sy = 1.0; } else { sx = 1.0; sy = ly/lx; }
pl_erase();
/* a frame... */ pl_fbox(floor(minx), floor(miny),
ceil(maxx), ceil(maxy));
/* labels and "tics" */ pl_fontname("HersheySerif"); for(ny=floor(miny); ny < ceil(maxy); ny += yticstep) { pl_fline(floor(minx), ny, ceil(maxx), ny); snprintf(labs, MAXLABLEN, "%6.2lf", ny); FMOVESCALE(floor(minx) - XLAB_WIDTH_F * lx, ny); PUSHSCALE(sx,sy); pl_label(labs); POPSCALE(sx,sy); } for(nx=floor(minx); nx < ceil(maxx); nx += xticstep) { pl_fline(nx, floor(miny), nx, ceil(maxy)); snprintf(labs, MAXLABLEN, "%6.2lf", nx); FMOVESCALE(nx, floor(miny)); PUSHSCALE(sx,sy); pl_ftextangle(-90); pl_alabel('l', 'b', labs); POPSCALE(sx,sy); }
/* plot data "point" */ pl_fillcolorname("red"); pl_filltype(1); for(i=0; i < NP; i++) { pl_fbox(x[i] - lx * DOTSCALE, y[i] - ly * DOTSCALE, x[i] + lx * DOTSCALE, y[i] + ly * DOTSCALE); }
pl_flushpl(); pl_closepl();
}</lang>
No one would use the previous code to produce a plot (that looks this way; instead, normally we produce data through a program, then we plot the data using e.g. gnuplot or other powerful tools; the result (with gnuplot and without enhancement) could look like this instead.
gnuplot
<lang gnuplot>unset key # Only one data set, so the key is uninformative
plot '-' # '-' can be replaced with a filename, to read data from that file.
0 2.7 1 2.8 2 31.4 3 38.1 4 68.0 5 76.2 6 100.5 7 130.0 8 149.3 9 180.0
e</lang>
F#
Using the F# for Visualization library:
<lang fsharp>#r @"C:\Program Files\FlyingFrog\FSharpForVisualization.dll"
let x = Seq.map float [|0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9|] let y = [|2.7; 2.8; 31.4; 38.1; 58.0; 76.2; 100.5; 130.0; 149.3; 180.0|]
open FlyingFrog.Graphics
Plot([Data(Seq.zip x y)], (0.0, 9.0))</lang>
Haskell
gnuplot is a package from HackageDB. <lang haskell>import Graphics.Gnuplot.Simple
pnts = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0]
doPlot = plotPathStyle [ ( Title "plotting dots" )]
(PlotStyle Points (CustomStyle [])) (zip [0..] pnts)</lang>
HicEst
<lang HicEst>REAL :: n=10, x(n), y(n)
x = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) y = (2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0)
WINDOW(WINdowhandle=wh, Width=-300, Height=-300, X=1, TItle='Rosetta') AXIS(WINdowhandle=wh, Title='x values', Yaxis, Title='y values') LINE(X=x, Y=y, SymbolDiameter=2)</lang>
J
<lang j>require 'plot' X=: i.10 Y=: 2.7 2.8 31.4 38.1 58.0 76.2 100.5 130.0 149.3 180.0 'dot; pensize 2.4' plot X;Y</lang> Output of plot.
Mathematica
<lang Mathematica>x={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; y={2.7,2.8,31.4,38.1,58.0,76.2,100.5,130.0,149.3,180.0}; ListPlot[{x, y} // Transpose]</lang> Output: [1]
MATLAB
<lang MATLAB>>> x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]; >> y = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0]; >> plot(x,y,'.-')</lang>
Maxima
<lang maxima>(%i1) ".." (m, n) := makelist (i, i, m, n); infix ("..")$ (%i2) x: 0 .. 9$ y:[2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0]$ (%i3) plot2d(['discrete, x, y], [style, [points,5,1,1]], [gnuplot_term, png], [gnuplot_out_file, "qsort-range-10-9.png"])$</lang>
OCaml
<lang ocaml>#load "graphics.cma" open Graphics
let round x = int_of_float (floor(x +. 0.5))
let x = [0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9] and y = [2.7; 2.8; 31.4; 38.1; 58.0; 76.2; 100.5; 130.0; 149.3; 180.0]
let () =
open_graph ""; List.iter2 (fun x y -> (* scale to fit in the window *) let _x = x * 30 and _y = round(y *. 2.0) in plot _x _y) x y; ignore(wait_next_event [Key_pressed]); close_graph();
- </lang>
Octave
<lang octave>x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]; y = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0]; plot(x,y,"o"); pause;</lang>
PARI/GP
<lang>plothraw(vx, vy)</lang>
Perl
<lang perl>use GD::Graph::points;
@data = (
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0],
); $graph = GD::Graph::points->new(400, 300); $gd = $graph->plot(\@data) or die $graph->error;
- Save as image.
$format = $graph->export_format; open(OUF, ">qsort-range-10-9.$format"); binmode OUF; print OUF $gd->$format(); close(OUF);</lang>
<lang perl>use Imager; use Imager::Plot;
@x = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9); @y = (2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0); $plot = Imager::Plot->new(
Width => 400, Height => 300, GlobalFont => 'PATH_TO_TTF_FONT',
); $plot->AddDataSet(
X => \@x, Y => \@y, style => { marker => { size => 2, symbol => 'circle', color => Imager::Color->new('red'), }, },
); $img = Imager->new(
xsize => 500, ysize => 400,
); $img->box(filled => 1, color => 'white'); $plot->Render(Image => $img, Xoff => 50, Yoff => 350); $img->write(file => 'qsort-range-10-9.png');</lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(load "@lib/ps.l")
(scl 1)
(de plot (PsFile DX DY Lst)
(let (SX (length Lst) SY (apply max Lst) N 0 Val) (out PsFile (psHead (+ DX 20) (+ DY 40)) (font (9 . "Helvetica")) (if (or (=0 SX) (=0 SY)) (window 60 12 DX DY (font 24 ,"Not enough Data") ) (setq Lst # Build coordinates (let X -1 (mapcar '((Y) (cons (*/ (inc 'X) DX SX) (- DY (*/ Y DY SY)) ) ) Lst ) ) ) (color 55 95 55 # Background color (let (X (+ DX 40) Y (+ DY 40)) (poly T 0 0 X 0 X Y 0 Y 0 0) ) ) (window 20 20 DX DY # Plot coordinates (poly NIL 0 0 0 DY (- DX 20) DY) (color 76 24 24 (poly NIL (caar Lst) (cdar Lst) (cdr Lst)) ) ) (window 4 4 60 12 (ps (format SY *Scl))) (for X SX (window (+ 6 (*/ (dec X) DX SX)) (+ 24 DY) 30 12 (ps (format (dec X)) 0) ) ) ) (page) ) ) )
(plot "plot.ps" 300 200 (2.7 2.8 31.4 38.1 58.0 76.2 100.5 130.0 149.3 180.0)) (call 'display "plot.ps")</lang>
PostScript
<lang PostScript> /x [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9] def /y [2.7 2.8 31.4 38.1 58.0 76.2 100.5 130.0 149.3 180.0] def /i 1 def
newpath x 0 get y 0 get moveto x length 1 sub{ x i get y i get lineto /i i 1 add def }repeat stroke </lang>
PureBasic
<lang PureBasic>Structure PlotData
x.i y.f
EndStructure
Global i, x, y.f, max_x, max_y, min_x=#MAXLONG, min_y=Infinity() Global count=(?serie_y-?serie_x)/SizeOf(Integer)-1 Global Dim MyData.PlotData(count)
Restore serie_x For i=0 To count
Read.i x MyData(i)\x=x If x>max_x: max_x=x: EndIf If x<min_x: min_x=x: EndIf
Next Restore serie_y For i=0 To count
Read.f y MyData(i)\y=y If y>max_y: max_y=y: EndIf If y<min_y: min_y=y: EndIf
Next
Procedure UpdatePlot(Win, w, h)
If w>20 And h>20 SetWindowTitle(win,"PureBasic Plot "+Str(w)+"x"+Str(h)) Protected x, y, i, yf.f, xf.f, img Protected x0=20, y0=h-20, amounts=ArraySize(MyData()) Protected x1,x2,y1,y2 yf=(h-20)/max_y*0.99 xf=(w-20)/max_x*0.99 CreateImage(0,w,h) Define OutputID=ImageOutput(0) StartDrawing(OutputID) DrawingMode(#PB_2DDrawing_Transparent) LineXY(20,h-20,w,h-20,$FFFFFF) LineXY(20,h-20,20,0,$FFFFFF) For i=0 To amounts ;- Draw grid x1=20: x2=w y1=(h-20)-max_y*i/amounts*yf y2=y1 LineXY(x1,y1,x2,y2,$467E3E) ; Y-scale DrawText(1,y1-5,RSet(StrD(i/10*max_y,1),5)) x1=20+max_x*i/amounts*xf x2=x1: y1=(h-20): y2=0 ; X-Scale LineXY(x1,y1,x2,y2,$467E3E) If i: DrawText(x1-5,y1+2,Str(i)): EndIf ;- Draw curve x=20+MyData(i)\x*xf y=(h-20)-MyData(i)\y*yf LineXY(x0,y0,x,y,$0133EE) x0=x: y0=y Next StopDrawing() ImageGadget(0,0,0,w,h,ImageID(0)) EndIf
EndProcedure
Define Flags=#PB_Window_SystemMenu|#PB_Window_SizeGadget Define Win=OpenWindow(#PB_Any,0,0,600,400,"",Flags) If Win
SmartWindowRefresh(Win,1) UpdatePlot(Win, WindowWidth(Win), WindowHeight(win)) Repeat Define Event =WaitWindowEvent() Select Event Case #PB_Event_SizeWindow UpdatePlot(Win, WindowWidth(Win), WindowHeight(win)) EndSelect Until Event=#PB_Event_CloseWindow ; Save the plot if the user wants to Flags=MessageRequester("Question","Save it?",#PB_MessageRequester_YesNo) If Flags=#PB_MessageRequester_Yes Define file$=SaveFileRequester("Save as","PB.png","PNG (*.png)|*.png",0) UsePNGImageEncoder() SaveImage(0,file$,#PB_ImagePlugin_PNG) EndIf
EndIf
DataSection
serie_x: Data.i 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 serie_y: Data.f 2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0
Python
<lang python>>>> x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> y = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0]
>>> import pylab >>> pylab.plot(x, y, 'bo') >>> pylab.savefig('qsort-range-10-9.png')</lang> qsort-range-10-9.png (23 KiB)
R
R has several different plotting paradigms. First we define the data. <lang R>x <- c(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) y <- c(2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0)</lang>
Base graphics
<lang R>plot(x,y)</lang>
Lattice/grid graphics
<lang R>library(lattice) xyplot(y~x)</lang>
Grammar of graphics
<lang R>library(ggplot2) qplot(x,y)</lang>
Tcl
This solution does not use existing plotting packages, but constructs the graphics from bare-metal Tk code. <lang Tcl>package require Tk
- The actual plotting engine
proc plotxy {canvas xs ys} {
global xfac yfac set maxx [tcl::mathfunc::max {*}$xs] set maxy [tcl::mathfunc::max {*}$ys] set xfac [expr {[winfo width $canvas] * 0.8/$maxx}] set yfac [expr {[winfo height $canvas] * 0.8/$maxy}] scale $canvas x 0 $maxx $xfac scale $canvas y 0 $maxy $yfac foreach x $xs y $ys { dot $canvas [expr {$x*$xfac}] [expr {$y*$yfac}] -fill red }
}
- Rescales the contents of the given canvas
proc scale {canvas direction from to fac} {
set f [expr {$from*$fac}] set t [expr {$to*$fac}] switch -- $direction { x { set f [expr {$from * $fac}] set t [expr {$to * $fac}] $canvas create line $f 0 $t 0 $canvas create text $f 0 -anchor nw -text $from $canvas create text $t 0 -anchor n -text $to } y { set f [expr {$from * -$fac}] set t [expr {$to * -$fac}] $canvas create line 0 $f 0 $t $canvas create text 0 $f -anchor se -text $from $canvas create text 0 $t -anchor e -text $to } }
}
- Helper to make points, which are otherwise not a native item type
proc dot {canvas x y args} {
set id [$canvas create oval [expr {$x-3}] [expr {-$y-3}] \ [expr {$x+3}] [expr {-$y+3}]] $canvas itemconfigure $id {*}$args
}
pack [canvas .c -background white] update set xs {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9} set ys {2.7 2.8 31.4 38.1 58.0 76.2 100.5 130.0 149.3 180.0} plotxy .c $xs $ys .c config -scrollregion [.c bbox all] .c move all 20 20
- Save image (this is the only part that requires an external library)
package require Img set im [image create photo -data .c] $im write plotxy.png -format PNG</lang> Of course, if we were generating an encapsulated postscript version, we would be able to do that directly.
TI-89 BASIC
<lang ti89b>FnOff PlotsOff NewPlot 1, 1, x, y ZoomData</lang>
Ursala
Ursala doesn't plot anything directly, but has libraries to generate LaTeX code for 2D and 3D graphics. The output file has to be run through LaTeX or included into a LaTeX document. Here's the way to do it just as a quick check (all default settings and dots connected with straight lines). <lang Ursala>#import std
- import flo
- import fit
- import plo
x = <0., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.> y = <2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0>
- output dot'tex' latex_document+ plot
main = visualization[curves: <curve[points: ~&p/x y]>]</lang> (output)
Here's one way you might do it if you were interested in publication quality graphics. The dots are connected with a cubic spline interpolating function sampled at 200 points, and the axes are nicely labeled.
<lang Ursala>main =
visualization[
abscissa: axis[ variable: 'problem size', hats: printf/*'%0.0f' ari10/0. 9.], ordinates: ~&iNC axis[ variable: 'execution time ($\mu$s)', hats: printf/*'%0.1f' ari6/0. 180.], curves: < curve[ points: ^(~&,chord_fit0@p/x y)* ari200/0. 9., attributes: {'linecolor': 'lightgray'}], curve[ scattered: true, points: ~&p/x y, attributes: {'linecolor': 'black'}]>]</lang>
(output)
Yorick
<lang yorick>x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]; y = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0]; window, 0; plmk, y, x; window, 1; plg, y, x, marks=0;</lang>
-
Output with plmk
-
Output with plg