Roman numerals/Decode: Difference between revisions

=={{header|BASIC}}==

==={{header|Applesoft BASIC}}===

==={{header|BASIC256}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="freebasic">function romToDec (roman$)

num = 0

prenum = 0

for i = length(roman$) to 1 step -1

x$ = mid(roman$, i, 1)

n = 0

if x$ = "M" then n = 1000

if x$ = "D" then n = 500

if x$ = "C" then n = 100

if x$ = "L" then n = 50

if x$ = "X" then n = 10

if x$ = "V" then n = 5

if x$ = "I" then n = 1

if n < preNum then num -= n else num += n

preNum = n

next i

return num

end function

#Testing

print "MCMXCIX = "; romToDec("MCMXCIX") #1999

print "MDCLXVI = "; romToDec("MDCLXVI") #1666

print "XXV = "; romToDec("XXV") #25

print "CMLIV = "; romToDec("CMLIV") #954

print "MMXI = "; romToDec("MMXI") #2011</syntaxhighlight>

==={{header|BBC BASIC}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="bbcbasic"> PRINT "MCMXCIX", FNromandecode("MCMXCIX")

PRINT "MMXII", FNromandecode("MMXII")

PRINT "MDCLXVI", FNromandecode("MDCLXVI")

PRINT "MMMDCCCLXXXVIII", FNromandecode("MMMDCCCLXXXVIII")

END

DEF FNromandecode(roman$)

LOCAL i%, j%, p%, n%, r%()

DIM r%(7) : r%() = 0,1,5,10,50,100,500,1000

FOR i% = LEN(roman$) TO 1 STEP -1

j% = INSTR("IVXLCDM", MID$(roman$,i%,1))

IF j%=0 ERROR 100, "Invalid character"

IF j%>=p% n% += r%(j%) ELSE n% -= r%(j%)

p% = j%

NEXT

= n%</syntaxhighlight>

{{out}}

<pre>MCMXCIX 1999

MMXII 2012

MDCLXVI 1666

MMMDCCCLXXXVIII 3888</pre>

==={{header|FreeBASIC}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="freebasic">' FB 1.05.0 Win64

Function romanDecode(roman As Const String) As Integer

If roman = "" Then Return 0 '' zero denotes invalid roman number

Dim roman1(0 To 2) As String = {"MMM", "MM", "M"}

Dim roman2(0 To 8) As String = {"CM", "DCCC", "DCC", "DC", "D", "CD", "CCC", "CC", "C"}

Dim roman3(0 To 8) As String = {"XC", "LXXX", "LXX", "LX", "L", "XL", "XXX", "XX", "X"}

Dim roman4(0 To 8) As String = {"IX", "VIII", "VII", "VI", "V", "IV", "III", "II", "I"}

Dim As Integer i, value = 0, length = 0

Dim r As String = UCase(roman)

For i = 0 To 2

If Left(r, Len(roman1(i))) = roman1(i) Then

value += 1000 * (3 - i)

length = Len(roman1(i))

r = Mid(r, length + 1)

length = 0

Exit For

End If

Next

For i = 0 To 8

If Left(r, Len(roman2(i))) = roman2(i) Then

value += 100 * (9 - i)

length = Len(roman2(i))

r = Mid(r, length + 1)

length = 0

Exit For

End If

Next

For i = 0 To 8

If Left(r, Len(roman3(i))) = roman3(i) Then

value += 10 * (9 - i)

length = Len(roman3(i))

r = Mid(r, length + 1)

length = 0

Exit For

End If

Next

For i = 0 To 8

If Left(r, Len(roman4(i))) = roman4(i) Then

value += 9 - i

length = Len(roman4(i))

Exit For

End If

Next

' Can't be a valid roman number if there are any characters left

If Len(r) > length Then Return 0

Return value

End Function

Dim a(2) As String = {"MCMXC", "MMVIII" , "MDCLXVI"}

For i As Integer = 0 To 2

Print a(i); Tab(8); " =>"; romanDecode(a(i))

Next

Print

Print "Press any key to quit"

Sleep</syntaxhighlight>

{{out}}

<pre>MCMXC => 1990

MMVIII => 2008

MDCLXVI => 1666</pre>

==={{header|FutureBasic}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="futurebasic">window 1

local fn RomantoDecimal( roman as CFStringRef ) as long

long i, n, preNum = 0, num = 0

for i = len(roman) - 1 to 0 step -1

n = 0

select ( fn StringCharacterAtIndex( roman, i ) )

case _"M" : n = 1000

case _"D" : n = 500

case _"C" : n = 100

case _"L" : n = 50

case _"X" : n = 10

case _"V" : n = 5

case _"I" : n = 1

end select

if ( n < preNum ) then num = num - n else num = num + n

preNum = n

next

end fn = num

print @" MCMXC = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"MCMXC" )

print @" MMVIII = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"MMVIII" )

print @" MMXVI = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"MMXVI" )

print @"MDCLXVI = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"MDCLXVI" )

print @" MCMXIV = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"MCMXIV" )

print @" DXIII = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"DXIII" )

print @" M = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"M" )

print @" DXIII = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"DXIII" )

print @" XXXIII = "; fn RomantoDecimal( @"XXXIII" )

HandleEvents</syntaxhighlight>

{{out}}

<pre> MCMXC = 1990

MMVIII = 2008

MMXVI = 2016

MDCLXVI = 1666

MCMXIV = 1914

DXIII = 513

M = 1000

DXIII = 513

XXXIII = 33</pre>

==={{header|Gambas}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="gambas">'This code will create a GUI Form and Objects and carry out the Roman Numeral convertion as you type

'The input is case insensitive

'A basic check for invalid charaters is made

hTextBox As TextBox 'To allow the creation of a TextBox

hValueBox As ValueBox 'To allow the creation of a ValueBox

Public Sub Form_Open() 'Form opens..

SetUpForm 'Go to the SetUpForm Routine

hTextBox.text = "MCMXC" 'Put a Roman numeral in the TextBox

End

Public Sub TextBoxInput_Change() 'Each time the TextBox text changes..

Dim cRomanN As Collection = ["M": 1000, "D": 500, "C": 100, "L": 50, "X": 10, "V": 5, "I": 1] 'Collection of nemerals e.g 'M' = 1000

Dim cMinus As Collection = ["IV": -2, "IX": -2, "XL": -20, "XC": - 20, "CD": -200, "CM": -200] 'Collection of the 'one less than' numbers e.g. 'IV' = 4

Dim sClean, sTemp As String 'Various string variables

Dim siCount As Short 'Counter

Dim iTotal As Integer 'Stores the total of the calculation

hTextBox.Text = UCase(hTextBox.Text) 'Make any text in the TextBox upper case

For siCount = 1 To Len(hTextBox.Text) 'Loop through each character in the TextBox

If InStr("MDCLXVI", Mid(hTextBox.Text, siCount, 1)) Then 'If a Roman numeral exists then..

sClean &= Mid(hTextBox.Text, siCount, 1) 'Put it in 'sClean' (Stops input of non Roman numerals)

End If

Next

hTextBox.Text = sClean 'Put the now clean text in the TextBox

For siCount = 1 To Len(hTextBox.Text) 'Loop through each character in the TextBox

iTotal += cRomanN[Mid(hTextBox.Text, siCount, 1)] 'Total up all the characters, note 'IX' will = 11 not 9

Next

For Each sTemp In cMinus 'Loop through each item in the cMinus Collection

If InStr(sClean, cMinus.Key) > 0 Then iTotal += Val(sTemp) 'If a 'Minus' value is in the string e.g. 'IX' which has been calculated at 11 subtract 2 = 9

Next

hValueBox.text = iTotal 'Display the total

End

Public Sub SetUpForm() 'Create the Objects for the Form

Dim hLabel1, hLabel2 As Label 'For 2 Labels

Me.height = 150 'Form Height

Me.Width = 300 'Form Width

Me.Padding = 20 'Form padding (border)

Me.Text = "Roman Numeral converter" 'Text in Form header

Me.Arrangement = Arrange.Vertical 'Form arrangement

hLabel1 = New Label(Me) 'Create a Label

hLabel1.Height = 21 'Label Height

hLabel1.expand = True 'Expand the Label

hLabel1.Text = "Enter a Roman numeral" 'Put text in the Label

hTextBox = New TextBox(Me) As "TextBoxInput" 'Set up a TextBox with an Event Label

hTextBox.Height = 21 'TextBox height

hTextBox.expand = True 'Expand the TextBox

hLabel2 = New Label(Me) 'Create a Label

hLabel2.Height = 21 'Label Height

hLabel2.expand = True 'Expand the Label

hLabel2.Text = "The decimal equivelent is: -" 'Put text in the Label

hValueBox = New ValueBox(Me) 'Create a ValueBox

hValueBox.Height = 21 'ValuBox Height

hValueBox.expand = True 'Expand the ValueBox

hValueBox.ReadOnly = True 'Set ValueBox to Read Only

End</syntaxhighlight>

'''[http://www.cogier.com/gambas/Roman%20Numeral%20converter.png Click here for image of running code]'''

==={{header|Liberty BASIC}}===

As Fortran & PureBasic.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lb"> print "MCMXCIX = "; romanDec( "MCMXCIX") '1999

print "MDCLXVI = "; romanDec( "MDCLXVI") '1666

print "XXV = "; romanDec( "XXV") '25

print "CMLIV = "; romanDec( "CMLIV") '954

print "MMXI = "; romanDec( "MMXI") '2011

end

function romanDec( roman$)

arabic =0

lastval =0

for i = len( roman$) to 1 step -1

select case upper$( mid$( roman$, i, 1))

case "M"

n = 1000

case "D"

n = 500

case "C"

n = 100

case "L"

n = 50

case "X"

n = 10

case "V"

n = 5

case "I"

n = 1

case else

n = 0

end select

if n <lastval then

arabic =arabic -n

else

arabic =arabic +n

end if

lastval =n

next

romanDec =arabic

end function</syntaxhighlight>

{{out}}

<pre>MCMXCIX = 1999

MDCLXVI = 1666

XXV = 25

CMLIV = 954

MMXI = 2011</pre>

==={{header|PureBasic}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="purebasic">Procedure romanDec(roman.s)

Protected i, n, lastval, arabic

For i = Len(roman) To 1 Step -1

Select UCase(Mid(roman, i, 1))

Case "M"

n = 1000

Case "D"

n = 500

Case "C"

n = 100

Case "L"

n = 50

Case "X"

n = 10

Case "V"

n = 5

Case "I"

n = 1

Default

n = 0

EndSelect

If (n < lastval)

arabic - n

Else

arabic + n

EndIf

lastval = n

Next

ProcedureReturn arabic

EndProcedure

If OpenConsole()

PrintN(Str(romanDec("MCMXCIX"))) ;1999

PrintN(Str(romanDec("MDCLXVI"))) ;1666

PrintN(Str(romanDec("XXV"))) ;25

PrintN(Str(romanDec("CMLIV"))) ;954

PrintN(Str(romanDec("MMXI"))) ;2011

Print(#CRLF$ + #CRLF$ + "Press ENTER to exit"): Input()

CloseConsole()

EndIf</syntaxhighlight>

{{out}}

<pre>1999

1666

25

954

2011</pre>

==={{header|QBasic}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="qbasic">FUNCTION romToDec (roman$)

num = 0

prenum = 0

FOR i = LEN(roman$) TO 1 STEP -1

x$ = MID$(roman$, i, 1)

n = 0

IF x$ = "M" THEN n = 1000

IF x$ = "D" THEN n = 500

IF x$ = "C" THEN n = 100

IF x$ = "L" THEN n = 50

IF x$ = "X" THEN n = 10

IF x$ = "V" THEN n = 5

IF x$ = "I" THEN n = 1

IF n < preNum THEN num = num - n ELSE num = num + n

preNum = n

NEXT i

romToDec = num

END FUNCTION

!Testing

PRINT "MCMXCIX = "; romToDec("MCMXCIX") '1999

PRINT "MDCLXVI = "; romToDec("MDCLXVI") '1666

PRINT "XXV = "; romToDec("XXV") '25

PRINT "CMLIV = "; romToDec("CMLIV") '954

PRINT "MMXI = "; romToDec("MMXI") '2011</syntaxhighlight>

==={{header|QB64}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="qb64">SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(400, 600, 32)

CLS

Main:

'------------------------------------------------

' CALLS THE romToDec FUNCTION WITH THE ROMAN

' NUMERALS AND RETURNS ITS DECIMAL EQUIVELENT.

'

PRINT "ROMAN NUMERAL TO DECIMAL CONVERSION"

PRINT: PRINT

PRINT "MDCCIV = "; romToDec("MDCCIV") '1704

PRINT "MCMXC = "; romToDec("MCMXC") '1990

PRINT "MMVIII = "; romToDec("MMVIII") '2008

PRINT "MDCLXVI = "; romToDec("MDCLXVI") '1666

PRINT: PRINT

PRINT "Here are other solutions not from the TASK:"

PRINT "MCMXCIX = "; romToDec("MCMXCIX") '1999

PRINT "XXV = "; romToDec("XXV") '25

PRINT "CMLIV = "; romToDec("CMLIV") '954

PRINT "MMXI = "; romToDec("MMXI") '2011

PRINT "MMIIIX = "; romToDec("MMIIIX") '2011

PRINT: PRINT

PRINT "2011 can be written either as MMXI or MMIIIX"

PRINT "With the IX = 9, MMIIIX is also 2011."

PRINT "2011 IS CORRECT (MM=2000 + II = 2 + IX = 9)"

END

FUNCTION romToDec (roman AS STRING)

'------------------------------------------------------

' FUNCTION THAT CONVERTS ANY ROMAN NUMERAL TO A DECIMAL

'

prenum = 0: num = 0

LN = LEN(roman)

FOR i = LN TO 1 STEP -1

x$ = MID$(roman, i, 1)

n = 1000

SELECT CASE x$

CASE "M": n = n / 1

CASE "D": n = n / 2

CASE "C": n = n / 10

CASE "L": n = n / 20

CASE "X": n = n / 100

CASE "V": n = n / 200

CASE "I": n = n / n

CASE ELSE: n = 0

END SELECT

IF n < prenum THEN num = num - n ELSE num = num + n

prenum = n

NEXT i

romToDec = num

END FUNCTION</syntaxhighlight>

==={{header|Run BASIC}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="runbasic">print "MCMXCIX = "; romToDec( "MCMXCIX") '1999

print "MDCLXVI = "; romToDec( "MDCLXVI") '1666

print "XXV = "; romToDec( "XXV") '25

print "CMLIV = "; romToDec( "CMLIV") '954

print "MMXI = "; romToDec( "MMXI") '2011

function romToDec(roman$)

for i = len(roman$) to 1 step -1

x$ = mid$(roman$, i, 1)

n = 0

if x$ = "M" then n = 1000

if x$ = "D" then n = 500

if x$ = "C" then n = 100

if x$ = "L" then n = 50

if x$ = "X" then n = 10

if x$ = "V" then n = 5

if x$ = "I" then n = 1

if n < preNum then num = num - n else num = num + n

preNum = n

next

romToDec =num

end function</syntaxhighlight>

==={{header|TechBASIC}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="techbasic">Main:

!------------------------------------------------

! CALLS THE romToDec FUNCTION WITH THE ROMAN

! NUMERALS AND RETURNS ITS DECIMAL EQUIVELENT.

!

PRINT "MCMXC = "; romToDec("MCMXC") !1990

PRINT "MMVIII = "; romToDec("MMVIII") !2008

PRINT "MDCLXVI = "; romToDec("MDCLXVI") !1666

PRINT:PRINT

PRINT "Here are other solutions not from the TASK:"

PRINT "MCMXCIX = "; romToDec("MCMXCIX") !1999

PRINT "XXV = "; romToDec("XXV") !25

PRINT "CMLIV = "; romToDec("CMLIV") !954

PRINT "MMXI = "; romToDec("MMXI") !2011

PRINT:PRINT

PRINT "Without error checking, this also is 2011, but is wrong"

PRINT "MMIIIX = "; romToDec("MMIIIX") !INVAID, 2011

STOP

FUNCTION romToDec(roman AS STRING) AS INTEGER

!------------------------------------------------------

! FUNCTION THAT CONVERTS ANY ROMAN NUMERAL TO A DECIMAL

!

prenum=0!num=0

ln=LEN(roman)

FOR i=ln TO 1 STEP -1

x$=MID(roman,i,1)

n=1000

SELECT CASE x$

CASE "M":n=n/1

CASE "D":n=n/2

CASE "C":n=n/10

CASE "L":n=n/20

CASE "X":n=n/100

CASE "V":n=n/200

CASE "I":n=n/n

CASE ELSE:n=0

END SELECT

IF n < preNum THEN num=num-n ELSE num=num+n

preNum=n

next i

romToDec=num

END FUNCTION</syntaxhighlight>

{{out}}

<pre>MCMXC = 1990

MMVIII = 2008

MDCLXVI = 1666

Here are other solutions not from the TASK:

MCMXCIX = 1999

XXV = 25

CMLIV = 954

MMXI = 2011

Without error checking, this also is 2011, but is wrong

MMIIIX = 2011</pre>

==={{header|TI-83 BASIC}}===

Using the Rom‣Dec function "real(21," from [http://www.detachedsolutions.com/omnicalc/ Omnicalc].

<syntaxhighlight lang="ti83b">PROGRAM:ROM2DEC

:Input Str1

:Disp real(21,Str1)</syntaxhighlight>

Using TI-83 BASIC

<syntaxhighlight lang="ti83b">PROGRAM:ROM2DEC

:Input "ROMAN:",Str1

:{1000,500,100,50,10,5,1}➞L1

:0➞P

:0➞Y

:For(I,length(Str1),1,-1)

:inString("MDCLXVI",sub(Str1,I,1))➞X

:If X≤0:Then

:Disp "BAD NUMBER"

:Stop

:End

:L1(x)➞N

:If N<P:Then

:Y–N➞Y

:Else

:Y+N➞Y

:End

:N➞P

:End

:Disp Y</syntaxhighlight>

==={{header|True BASIC}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="qbasic">FUNCTION romtodec(roman$)

LET num = 0

LET prenum = 0

FOR i = len(roman$) to 1 step -1

LET x$ = (roman$)[i:i+1-1]

LET n = 0

IF x$ = "M" then LET n = 1000

IF x$ = "D" then LET n = 500

IF x$ = "C" then LET n = 100

IF x$ = "L" then LET n = 50

IF x$ = "X" then LET n = 10

IF x$ = "V" then LET n = 5

IF x$ = "I" then LET n = 1

IF n < prenum then LET num = num-n else LET num = num+n

LET prenum = n

NEXT i

LET romtodec = num

END FUNCTION

!Testing

PRINT "MCMXCIX = "; romToDec("MCMXCIX") !1999

PRINT "MDCLXVI = "; romToDec("MDCLXVI") !1666

PRINT "XXV = "; romToDec("XXV") !25

PRINT "CMLIV = "; romToDec("CMLIV") !954

PRINT "MMXI = "; romToDec("MMXI") !2011

END</syntaxhighlight>

==={{header|Yabasic}}===

<syntaxhighlight lang="yabasic">romans$ = "MDCLXVI"

decmls$ = "1000,500,100,50,10,5,1"

sub romanDec(s$)

local i, n, prev, res, decmls$(1)

n = token(decmls$, decmls$(), ",")

for i = len(s$) to 1 step -1

n = val(decmls$(instr(romans$, mid$(s$, i, 1))))

if n < prev n = 0 - n

res = res + n

prev = n

next i

return res

end sub

? romanDec("MCMXCIX") // 1999

? romanDec("MDCLXVI") // 1666

? romanDec("XXV") // 25

? romanDec("XIX") // 19

? romanDec("XI") // 11

? romanDec("CMLIV") // 954

? romanDec("MMXI") // 2011

? romanDec("CD") // 400

? romanDec("MCMXC") // 1990

? romanDec("MMVIII") // 2008

? romanDec("MMIX") // 2009

? romanDec("MDCLXVI") // 1666

? romanDec("MMMDCCCLXXXVIII") // 3888</syntaxhighlight>

=={{header|Arturo}}==

<pre>MCMXC = 1990

MDCLXVI = 1666</pre>