Parsing/RPN calculator algorithm
Create a stack-based evaluator for an expression in reverse Polish notation that also shows the changes in the stack as each individual token is processed as a table.
- Assume an input of a correct, space separated, string of tokens of an RPN expression
- Test with the RPN expression generated from the Parsing/Shunting-yard algorithm task
'3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +'then print and display the output here.
- Note
- '^' means exponentiation in the expression above.
- See also
- Parsing/Shunting-yard algorithm for a method of generating an RPN from an infix expression.
- Several solutions to 24 game/Solve make use of RPN evaluators (although tracing how they work is not a part of that task).
- Parsing/RPN to infix conversion.
- Arithmetic evaluation.
AutoHotkey
Output is in clipboard. <lang AHK>evalRPN("3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +") evalRPN(s){ stack := [] out := "For RPN expression: '" s "'`r`n`r`nTOKEN`t`tACTION`t`t`tSTACK`r`n" Loop Parse, s If A_LoopField is number t .= A_LoopField else { If t stack.Insert(t) , out .= t "`tPush num onto top of stack`t" stackShow(stack) "`r`n" , t := "" If InStr("+-/*^", l := A_LoopField) { a := stack.Remove(), b := stack.Remove() stack.Insert( l = "+" ? b + a :l = "-" ? b - a :l = "*" ? b * a :l = "/" ? b / a :l = "^" ? b **a :0 ) out .= l "`tApply op " l " to top of stack`t" stackShow(stack) "`r`n" } } r := stack.Remove() out .= "`r`n The final output value is: '" r "'" clipboard := out return r } StackShow(stack){ for each, value in stack out .= A_Space value return subStr(out, 2) }</lang>
- Output
For RPN expression: '3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +' TOKEN ACTION STACK 3 Push num onto top of stack 3 4 Push num onto top of stack 3 4 2 Push num onto top of stack 3 4 2 * Apply op * to top of stack 3 8 1 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 1 5 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 1 5 - Apply op - to top of stack 3 8 -4 2 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 -4 2 3 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 -4 2 3 ^ Apply op ^ to top of stack 3 8 -4 8 ^ Apply op ^ to top of stack 3 8 65536 / Apply op / to top of stack 3 0.000122 + Apply op + to top of stack 3.000122 The final output value is: '3.000122'
Icon and Unicon
<lang Icon>procedure main()
EvalRPN("3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +")
end
link printf invocable all
procedure EvalRPN(expr) #: evaluate (and trace stack) an RPN string
stack := []
expr ? until pos(0) do {
tab(many(' ')) # consume previous seperator
token := tab(upto(' ')|0) # get token
if token := numeric(token) then { # ... numeric
push(stack,token)
printf("pushed numeric %i : %s\n",token,list2string(stack))
}
else { # ... operator
every b|a := pop(stack) # pop & reverse operands
case token of {
"+"|"-"|"*"|"^" : push(stack,token(a,b))
"/" : push(stack,token(real(a),b))
default : runerr(205,token)
}
printf("applied operator %s : %s\n",token,list2string(stack))
}
}
end
procedure list2string(L) #: format list as a string
every (s := "[ ") ||:= !L || " " return s || "]"
end</lang>
printf.icn provides formatting
Output:
pushed numeric 3 : [ 3 ] pushed numeric 4 : [ 4 3 ] pushed numeric 2 : [ 2 4 3 ] applied operator * : [ 8 3 ] pushed numeric 1 : [ 1 8 3 ] pushed numeric 5 : [ 5 1 8 3 ] applied operator - : [ -4 8 3 ] pushed numeric 2 : [ 2 -4 8 3 ] pushed numeric 3 : [ 3 2 -4 8 3 ] applied operator ^ : [ 8 -4 8 3 ] applied operator ^ : [ 65536 8 3 ] applied operator / : [ 0.0001220703125 3 ] applied operator + : [ 3.0001220703125 ]
PicoLisp
This is an integer-only calculator: <lang PicoLisp>(de rpnCalculator (Str)
(let (^ ** Stack) # Define '^' from the built-in '**'
(prinl "Token Stack")
(for Token (str Str "*+-/\^")
(if (num? Token)
(push 'Stack @)
(set (cdr Stack)
(Token (cadr Stack) (pop 'Stack)) ) )
(prin Token)
(space 6)
(println Stack) )
(println (car Stack)) ) )</lang>
Test (note that the top-of-stack is in the left-most position): <lang PicoLisp>: (rpnCalculator "3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 \^ \^ / +") Token Stack 3 (3) 4 (4 3) 2 (2 4 3)
- (8 3)
1 (1 8 3) 5 (5 1 8 3) - (-4 8 3) 2 (2 -4 8 3) 3 (3 2 -4 8 3) ^ (8 -4 8 3) ^ (65536 8 3) / (0 3) + (3) 3 -> 3</lang>
Python
<lang python>def op_pow(stack):
b = stack.pop(); a = stack.pop() stack.append( a ** b )
def op_mul(stack):
b = stack.pop(); a = stack.pop() stack.append( a * b )
def op_div(stack):
b = stack.pop(); a = stack.pop() stack.append( a / b )
def op_add(stack):
b = stack.pop(); a = stack.pop() stack.append( a + b )
def op_sub(stack):
b = stack.pop(); a = stack.pop() stack.append( a - b )
def op_num(stack, num):
stack.append( num )
ops = {
'^': op_pow, '*': op_mul, '/': op_div, '+': op_add, '-': op_sub, }
def get_input(inp = None):
'Inputs an expression and returns list of tokens'
if inp is None:
inp = input('expression: ')
tokens = inp.strip().split()
return tokens
def rpn_calc(tokens):
stack = []
table = ['TOKEN,ACTION,STACK'.split(',')]
for token in tokens:
if token in ops:
action = 'Apply op to top of stack'
ops[token](stack)
table.append( (token, action, ' '.join(str(s) for s in stack)) )
else:
action = 'Push num onto top of stack'
op_num(stack, eval(token))
table.append( (token, action, ' '.join(str(s) for s in stack)) )
return table
if __name__ == '__main__':
rpn = '3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +'
print( 'For RPN expression: %r\n' % rpn )
rp = rpn_calc(get_input(rpn))
maxcolwidths = [max(len(y) for y in x) for x in zip(*rp)]
row = rp[0]
print( ' '.join('{cell:^{width}}'.format(width=width, cell=cell) for (width, cell) in zip(maxcolwidths, row)))
for row in rp[1:]:
print( ' '.join('{cell:<{width}}'.format(width=width, cell=cell) for (width, cell) in zip(maxcolwidths, row)))
print('\n The final output value is: %r' % rp[-1][2])</lang>
- Output
For RPN expression: '3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +' TOKEN ACTION STACK 3 Push num onto top of stack 3 4 Push num onto top of stack 3 4 2 Push num onto top of stack 3 4 2 * Apply op to top of stack 3 8 1 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 1 5 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 1 5 - Apply op to top of stack 3 8 -4 2 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 -4 2 3 Push num onto top of stack 3 8 -4 2 3 ^ Apply op to top of stack 3 8 -4 8 ^ Apply op to top of stack 3 8 65536 / Apply op to top of stack 3 0.0001220703125 + Apply op to top of stack 3.0001220703125 The final output value is: '3.0001220703125'
Ruby
See Parsing/RPN/Ruby
<lang ruby>rpn = RPNExpression("3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +") value = rpn.eval</lang> outputs
for RPN expression: 3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / + Term Action Stack 3 PUSH [3] 4 PUSH [3, 4] 2 PUSH [3, 4, 2] * MUL [3, 8] 1 PUSH [3, 8, 1] 5 PUSH [3, 8, 1, 5] - SUB [3, 8, -4] 2 PUSH [3, 8, -4, 2] 3 PUSH [3, 8, -4, 2, 3] ^ EXP [3, 8, -4, 8] ^ EXP [3, 8, 65536] / DIV [3, 0.0001220703125] + ADD [3.0001220703125] Value = 3.0001220703125
Tcl
<lang tcl># Helper proc pop stk {
upvar 1 $stk s set val [lindex $s end] set s [lreplace $s end end] return $val
}
proc evaluate rpn {
set stack {}
foreach token $rpn {
set act "apply" switch $token { "^" { # Non-commutative operation set a [pop stack] lappend stack [expr {[pop stack] ** $a}] } "/" { # Non-commutative, special float handling set a [pop stack] set b [expr {[pop stack] / double($a)}] if {$b == round($b)} {set b [expr {round($b)}]} lappend stack $b } "*" { # Commutative operation lappend stack [expr {[pop stack] * [pop stack]}] } "-" { # Non-commutative operation set a [pop stack] lappend stack [expr {[pop stack] - $a}] } "+" { # Commutative operation lappend stack [expr {[pop stack] + [pop stack]}] } default { set act "push" lappend stack $token } } puts "$token\t$act\t$stack"
} return [lindex $stack end]
}
puts [evaluate {3 4 2 * 1 5 - 2 3 ^ ^ / +}]</lang> Output:
3 push 3 4 push 3 4 2 push 3 4 2 * apply 3 8 1 push 3 8 1 5 push 3 8 1 5 - apply 3 8 -4 2 push 3 8 -4 2 3 push 3 8 -4 2 3 ^ apply 3 8 -4 8 ^ apply 3 8 65536 / apply 3 0.0001220703125 + apply 3.0001220703125 3.0001220703125