Make directory path

Create a directory and any missing parents.

This task is named after the posix mkdir -p command, and several libraries which implement the same behavior.

Please implement a function of a single path string (for example ./path/to/dir) which has the above side-effect. If the directory already exists, return successfully. Ideally implementations will work equally well cross-platform (on windows, linux, and OS X).

It's likely that your language implements such a function as part of its standard library. If so, please also show how such a function would be implemented.

Go

The standard packages include os.MkdirAll which does exactly this (and its source is also available via that link). <lang go> os.MkdirAll("/tmp/some/path/to/dir", 0770)</lang>

Perl 6

There is a builtin function with the same name and it creates subdirectories by default.

<lang perl6>mkdir 'path/to/dir'</lang>

Python

<lang Python> from errno import EEXIST from os import mkdir, curdir from os.path import split, exists

def mkdirp(path, mode=0777):

   head, tail = split(path)
   if not tail:
       head, tail = split(head)
   if head and tail and not exists(head):
       try:
           mkdirp(head, mode)
       except OSError as e:
           # be happy if someone already created the path
           if e.errno != EEXIST:
               raise
       if tail == curdir:  # xxx/newdir/. exists if xxx/newdir exists
           return
   try:
       mkdir(path, mode)
   except OSError as e:
       # be happy if someone already created the path
       if e.errno != EEXIST:
           raise

</lang>

Above is a modified version of the standard library's os.makedirs, for pedagogical purposes. In practice, you would be more likely to use the standard library call:

<lang Python> def mkdirp(path):

   try:
       os.makedirs(path)
   except OSError as exc: # Python >2.5
       if exc.errno == errno.EEXIST and os.path.isdir(path):
           pass
       else: raise

</lang>

In Python3 this becomes even simpler:

<lang Python> def mkdirp(path):

   os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)

</lang>

JavaScript

Works with: Node.js

Simplified version of the popular mkdirp library:

<lang Javascript>var path = require('path'); var fs = require('fs');

function mkdirp (p, cb) {

   cb = cb || function () {};
   p = path.resolve(p);

   fs.mkdir(p, function (er) {
       if (!er) {
           return cb(null);
       }
       switch (er.code) {
           case 'ENOENT':
               // The directory doesn't exist. Make its parent and try again.
               mkdirp(path.dirname(p), function (er) {
                   if (er) cb(er);
                   else mkdirp(p, cb);
               });
               break;

               // In the case of any other error, something is borked.
           default:
               cb(er);
               break;
       }
   });

}</lang>

REXX

The following works with any modern (Microsoft) Windows ® and/or DOS.

Operating system note: all versions of Microsoft ® DOS require the use of a blackslash [\] instead of a forward slash [/].

Usage note: without the error messages being suppressed, the MKDIR command will issue an error message if the subdirectory (or its path) already exists. <lang rexx>/*REXX program creates a directory and all its parent paths as necessary*/ trace off /*suppress possible warning msgs.*/ dPath = 'path\to\dir' 'MKDIR' dPath "2>nul" /*alias could be used: MD Dpath */

                                      /*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/</lang>

UNIX Shell

Works with: Bourne Again SHell

<lang bash>function mkdirp() { mkdir -p "$1"; }</lang>

zkl

This is for Unix as zkl doesn't have a built in mkdir method. <lang zkl>System.cmd("mkdir -p ../foo/bar")</lang> The system error code is returned (0 in this case). <lang zkl>fcn mkdir(path) { System.cmd("mkdir -p "+path) }</lang>

Output:

zkl: mkdir("../foo/bar")
0
zkl: mkdir("/foo/bar")
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/foo’: Permission denied
256