Honeycombs
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
The task is to produce a matrix of 20 hexagon shaped widgets in a honeycomb arrangement. The matrix should be arranged in such a manner that there are five columns of four hexagons. The hexagons in columns one, three and five are aligned horizontally, whereas the hexagons in columns two and four occupy a lower position within the arrangement. Each hexagon should be the same colour, and should display a unique randomly selected single capital letter on the front. The application should now wait for the user to select a hexagon, either by using a pointing device, or by pressing a key that carries a corresponding letter on a hexagon. For platforms that support pointing devices and keyboards, the application should support both methods of selection. A record of the chosen letters should be maintained and the code should be suitably commented, at the point where the the selected letter has been determined. The selected hexagon should now change colour on the display. The cycle repeats until the user has chosen all of the letters. Note that each letter can only be selected once and previously selected hexagons retain their colour after selection. The program terminates when all letters have been chosen.
Optionally: output the list of selected letters and show the last selected letter, cater for a different number of columns or a different number of hexagons in each column, cater for two players, (turns alternate and the hexagons change a different colour depending on whether they were selected by player one or player two and records of both players selections are maintained.)
ActionScript
Honeycomb class: <lang ActionScript3> package {
import flash.display.GraphicsPathCommand; import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.text.TextField; import flash.text.TextFieldAutoSize; import flash.text.TextFormat;
/**
* A honeycomb.
*/
public class Honeycomb extends Sprite {
/**
* The sine of 60 degrees.
*
* @private
*/
private static const SIN_60:Number = Math.sin(Math.PI / 3);
/**
* The cosine of 60 degrees.
*
* @private
*/
private static const COS_60:Number = Math.cos(Math.PI / 3);
/**
* The drawing commands to be passed to Graphics.drawPath()
*
* @private
*/
private static var _gCommands:Vector.<int> = new Vector.<int>(7, true);
/**
* The coordinates to be passed to Graphics.drawPath()
*
* @private
*/
private static var _gCoords:Vector.<Number> = new Vector.<Number>(14, true);
/**
* The side length of the last honeycomb created.
*/
private static var _lastSide:Number;
/**
* The horizontal space difference (between the leftmost and topmost vertex) of the last hexagon drawn.
*
* @private
*/
private static var _lastHSpace:Number;
/**
* The heightof the last hexagon drawn.
*
* @private
*/
private static var _lastHeight:Number;
{
_staticInit();
}
/**
* Initialises the Honeycomb class.
*
* @private
*/
private static function _staticInit():void {
_gCommands[0] = GraphicsPathCommand.MOVE_TO;
_gCommands[1] = _gCommands[2] = _gCommands[3] = _gCommands[4] = _gCommands[5] = _gCommands[6] = GraphicsPathCommand.LINE_TO;
}
/**
* Calculates the points of the hexagon for a given side length.
*
* @param side The length of the side.
*/
private static function _calculatePoints(side:Number):void {
var height:Number = side * SIN_60 * 2;
var hSpace:Number = side * COS_60;
_gCoords[0] = _gCoords[12] = 0;
_gCoords[2] = _gCoords[10] = hSpace;
_gCoords[4] = _gCoords[8] = hSpace + side;
_gCoords[6] = side + hSpace * 2;
_gCoords[1] = _gCoords[7] = _gCoords[13] = height / 2;
_gCoords[3] = _gCoords[5] = height;
_gCoords[9] = _gCoords[11] = 0;
_lastSide = side;
_lastHSpace = hSpace;
_lastHeight = height;
}
/**
* The side length of the honeycomb.
*
* @private
*/
private var _side:Number;
/**
* The text field displaying the character in the honeycomb.
*
* @private
*/
private var _text:TextField;
/**
* The character code of the character in the honeycomb.
*
* @private
*/
private var _charCode:uint;
/**
* Whether the honeycomb has been activated (i.e. the activate() method has been called).
*
* @private
*/
private var _activated:Boolean = false;
/**
* Creates a new Honeycomb object.
*
* @param side The length of the side of the honeycomb.
* @param fill The honeycomb's fill colour.
* @param letter The character code of the letter to be displayed in the honeycomb.
* @param textColour The colour of the letter displayed inside the honeycomb.
*/
public function Honeycomb(side:Number, fill:uint, letter:uint, textColour:uint) {
_init(side, fill, letter, textColour);
}
/**
* Initialises the Honeycomb object.
*
* @param side The length of the side of the honeycomb.
* @param fill The honeycomb's fill colour.
* @param letter The character code of the letter to be displayed in the honeycomb.
* @param textColour The colour of the letter displayed inside the honeycomb.
*/
private function _init(side:Number, fill:uint, letter:uint, textColour:uint):void {
mouseChildren = false;
buttonMode = true;
useHandCursor = false;
graphics.beginFill(fill);
graphics.lineStyle(3, 0x000000);
if ( side != _lastSide )
_calculatePoints(side);
_side = side;
_charCode = letter;
graphics.drawPath(_gCommands, _gCoords);
_text = new TextField();
_text.autoSize = TextFieldAutoSize.CENTER;
_text.defaultTextFormat = new TextFormat('_sans', side * 1.2, textColour, true);
_text.text = String.fromCharCode(letter);
_text.x = (side + _lastHSpace * 2 - _text.width) / 2;
_text.y = (_lastHeight - _text.height) / 2;
addChild(_text);
}
/**
* The character code of the character in the honeycomb.
*/
public function get charCode():uint {
return _charCode;
}
/**
* Whether the honeycomb has been activated (i.e. the activate() method has been called).
*/
public function get activated():Boolean {
return _activated;
}
/**
* Activates the honeycomb and changes its colour.
*
* @param backColour The new fill colour of the honeycomb.
* @param textColour The new text colour of the honeycomb.
*/
public function activate(backColour:uint, textColour:uint):void {
if ( _side != _lastSide )
_calculatePoints(_side);
graphics.beginFill(backColour);
graphics.drawPath(_gCommands, _gCoords);
var textFormat:TextFormat = _text.getTextFormat();
textFormat.color = textColour;
_text.setTextFormat(textFormat);
_activated = true;
}
}
} </lang>
Document (main) class: <lang ActionScript3> package {
import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.KeyboardEvent; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.text.TextField; import flash.text.TextFieldAutoSize; import flash.text.TextFormat; import flash.utils.Dictionary;
/**
* The Honeycomb game.
*/
public class Main extends Sprite {
/**
* The fill colour for unselected honeycombs.
*
* @private
*/
private static const FILL_COLOUR1:uint = 0xFFFF00;
/**
* The text colour for unselected honeycombs.
*
* @private
*/
private static const FILL_COLOUR2:uint = 0xFF00FF;
/**
* The fill colour for selected honeycombs.
*
* @private
*/
private static const TEXT_COLOUR1:uint = 0xFF0000;
/**
* The text colour for selected honeycombs.
*
* @private
*/
private static const TEXT_COLOUR2:uint = 0x000000;
/**
* The honeycombs being displayed. They can be accesses using their character code as the key.
*
* @private
*/
private var _honeycombs:Dictionary = new Dictionary();
/**
* The text field showing the selected letters.
*
* @private
*/
private var _selectedLettersOutputField:TextField;
/**
* Entry point of the application.
*/
public function Main() {
if ( stage ) init();
else addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init)
}
/**
* Initialises the Main object when it is added to the stage.
*
* @private
*/
private function init(e:Event = null):void {
removeEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init);
var side:uint = 35;
var hSpace:Number = side * Math.cos(Math.PI / 3);
var height:Number = side * Math.sin(Math.PI / 3) * 2;
var i:uint, j:uint, comb:Honeycomb, colX:Number = 0, rowY:Number = 0, char:uint;
var usedCodes:Vector.<uint> = new Vector.<uint>();
for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) {
for ( j = 0; j < 4; j++ ) {
// Select a character to display. If it is already used, repeat this process until an unused
// character is found.
do
char = uint(Math.random() * 26) + 0x41;
while ( usedCodes.indexOf(char) != -1 );
usedCodes[usedCodes.length] = char;
comb = new Honeycomb(side, FILL_COLOUR1, char, TEXT_COLOUR1);
comb.x = colX + 30;
comb.y = rowY + 30 + height * j;
addChild(comb);
_honeycombs[char] = comb;
}
if ( rowY == 0 )
rowY = height / 2;
else
rowY = 0;
colX += side + hSpace;
}
_selectedLettersOutputField = new TextField();
_selectedLettersOutputField.x = 30;
_selectedLettersOutputField.y = 30 + height * 5;
_selectedLettersOutputField.defaultTextFormat = new TextFormat(null, 18);
_selectedLettersOutputField.multiline = true;
_selectedLettersOutputField.autoSize = TextFieldAutoSize.LEFT;
_selectedLettersOutputField.text = "Selected letters:\n";
addChild(_selectedLettersOutputField);
// Since the MouseEvent.CLICK event bubbles, it is sufficient to add the listener to the Main object
// itself rather than to each honeycomb individually, and the event's target property will always
// be the clicked honeycomb.
addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, _onMouseClick);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, _onKeyDown);
}
/**
* Function called when a honeycomb is clicked.
*
* @private
*/
private function _onMouseClick(e:MouseEvent):void {
var comb:Honeycomb = e.target as Honeycomb;
if ( comb && ! comb.activated ) {
comb.activate(FILL_COLOUR2, TEXT_COLOUR2);
_selectedLettersOutputField.appendText(String.fromCharCode(comb.charCode));
}
}
/**
* Function called when a keyboard key is pressed.
*
* @private
*/
private function _onKeyDown(e:KeyboardEvent):void {
var char:uint = e.charCode;
if ( char > 0x60 )
// Convert lowercase to uppercase
char -= 0x20;
var comb:Honeycomb = _honeycombs[char] as Honeycomb;
if ( comb && ! comb.activated ) {
comb.activate(FILL_COLOUR2, TEXT_COLOUR2);
_selectedLettersOutputField.appendText(String.fromCharCode(char));
}
}
}
} </lang>
Ada
<lang Ada>with Ada.Numerics.Elementary_Functions; with Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random;
with SDL.Video.Windows.Makers; with SDL.Video.Renderers.Makers; with SDL.Video.Surfaces; with SDL.Video.Rectangles; with SDL.TTFs.Makers; with SDL.Events.Events; with SDL.Events.Keyboards; with SDL.Events.Mice;
procedure Honeycombs is
use SDL.Video.Rectangles; use SDL.C;
Width : constant := 560; Height : constant := 595; Offset_X : constant := 10.0; Offset_Y : constant := 40.0; Radius : constant := 60.0; Rows : constant := 4; Cols : constant := 5; TTF_File : constant String := "NotoSans-Bold.ttf"; TTF_Size_Cell : constant := 72; TTF_Size_Sum : constant := 38; Offset_Sum_X : constant := 35; Offset_Sum_Y : constant := 530;
type Node_Id is mod 6; type Shape_List is array (Node_Id) of Point;
type Cell_Info is record
Center : Point;
Marked : Boolean;
Label : String (1 .. 1);
end record;
type Cell_List is array (Positive range <>) of Cell_Info;
function Make_Shape return Shape_List is
use Ada.Numerics.Elementary_Functions;
Shape : Shape_List;
begin
for I in Shape'Range loop
Shape (I) := (X => int (Radius * Cos (Float (I), Cycle => 6.0)),
Y => int (Radius * Sin (Float (I), Cycle => 6.0)));
end loop;
return Shape;
end Make_Shape;
function Make_Cells (Rows, Cols : in Positive) return Cell_List is
subtype Label_Type is Character range 'A' .. 'Z';
package Randoms is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random (Label_Type);
use Randoms;
Y_Scale : constant Float := Ada.Numerics.Elementary_Functions.Sqrt (3.0);
List : Cell_List (1 .. Rows * Cols);
Info : Cell_Info;
Gen : Generator;
begin
Reset (Gen);
for R in 1 .. Rows loop
for C in 1 .. Cols loop
Info.Center.X := int (Offset_X + Radius * 1.5 * Float (C));
Info.Center.Y := int (Offset_Y + Radius * Y_Scale * (Float (R) -
Float (C mod 2) / 2.0));
Info.Marked := False;
Info.Label (1) := Random (Gen);
List ((R - 1) * Cols + C) := Info;
end loop;
end loop;
return List;
end Make_Cells;
Window : SDL.Video.Windows.Window; Win_Surf : SDL.Video.Surfaces.Surface; Renderer : SDL.Video.Renderers.Renderer; Font_Cell : SDL.TTFs.Fonts; Font_Sum : SDL.TTFs.Fonts;
Cells : Cell_List := Make_Cells (Rows, Cols); Shape : constant Shape_List := Make_Shape; Sum_Text : String (1 .. Rows * Cols); Sum_Last : Natural := Sum_Text'First - 1;
function Orient_2D (A, B, C : Point) return int is
((B.X - A.X) * (C.Y - A.Y) - (B.Y - A.Y) * (C.X - A.X));
function "+" (Left, Right : Point) return Point is
((Left.X + Right.X, Left.Y + Right.Y));
function Inside (P : Point; Cell : Cell_Info) return Boolean is
Count : Natural := 0;
begin
for Node in Shape'Range loop
Count := Count +
(if Orient_2D (Cell.Center + Shape (Node),
Cell.Center + Shape (Node + 1),
P) > 0 then 1 else 0);
end loop;
return Count = 6;
end Inside;
procedure Draw (Cell : Cell_Info) is
Surface : constant SDL.Video.Surfaces.Surface :=
Font_Cell.Render_Solid (Cell.Label, (30, 230, 230, 255));
Self_Area : SDL.Video.Rectangles.Rectangle;
Source_Area : SDL.Video.Rectangles.Rectangle := (0, 0, 0, 0);
begin
-- Fill
for Y in int (-Radius) .. int (Radius) loop
for X in int (-Radius) .. int (Radius) loop
if Inside (Cell.Center + (X, Y), Cell) then
Renderer.Draw (Point => Cell.Center + (X, Y));
end if;
end loop;
end loop;
-- Label
Self_Area := (Cell.Center.X - Surface.Size.Width / 2,
Cell.Center.Y - Surface.Size.Height / 2, 0, 0);
Win_Surf.Blit (Self_Area, Surface, Source_Area);
-- Outline
Renderer.Set_Draw_Colour ((0, 0, 0, 255));
for Id in Shape'Range loop
Renderer.Draw (Line => (Cell.Center + Shape (Id),
Cell.Center + Shape (Id + 1)));
end loop;
end Draw;
procedure Find_And_Mark (Click : Point; Key : String) is
Self_Area : SDL.Video.Rectangles.Rectangle;
Source_Area : SDL.Video.Rectangles.Rectangle := (0, 0, 0, 0);
begin
for Cell of Cells loop
if not Cell.Marked and then (Inside (Click, Cell) or Cell.Label = Key) then
Cell.Marked := True;
Sum_Last := Sum_Last + 1;
Sum_Text (Sum_Last) := Cell.Label (1);
Renderer.Set_Draw_Colour ((230, 20, 220, 255));
Draw (Cell);
-- Update sum text
Self_Area := (Offset_Sum_X, Offset_Sum_Y, 0, 0);
Win_Surf.Blit
(Self_Area, Font_Sum.Render_Solid (Sum_Text (Sum_Text'First .. Sum_Last),
(0, 200, 200, 255)), Source_Area);
Window.Update_Surface;
exit;
end if;
end loop;
end Find_And_Mark;
procedure Wait is
use type SDL.Events.Event_Types;
use SDL.Events.Keyboards;
Event : SDL.Events.Events.Events;
begin
loop
SDL.Events.Events.Wait (Event);
case Event.Common.Event_Type is
when SDL.Events.Quit => return;
when SDL.Events.Mice.Button_Down =>
Find_And_Mark
((Event.Mouse_Button.X,
Event.Mouse_Button.Y), "");
when SDL.Events.Keyboards.Key_Down =>
Find_And_Mark
((0, 0), Image (Event.Keyboard.Key_Sym.Key_Code));
null;
when others => null;
end case;
end loop;
end Wait;
begin
if not SDL.Initialise (Flags => SDL.Enable_Screen) then
return;
end if;
if not SDL.TTFs.Initialise then
null;
end if;
SDL.TTFs.Makers.Create (Font_Cell, TTF_File, TTF_Size_Cell);
SDL.TTFs.Makers.Create (Font_Sum, TTF_File, TTF_Size_Sum);
SDL.Video.Windows.Makers.Create (Win => Window,
Title => "Honeycombs",
Position => SDL.Natural_Coordinates'(X => 10, Y => 10),
Size => SDL.Positive_Sizes'(Width, Height),
Flags => 0);
Win_Surf := Window.Get_Surface;
SDL.Video.Renderers.Makers.Create (Renderer, Window.Get_Surface);
Renderer.Set_Draw_Colour ((0, 0, 0, 255));
Renderer.Fill (Rectangle => (0, 0, Width, Height));
for Cell of Cells loop
Renderer.Set_Draw_Colour ((230, 230, 0, 255));
Draw (Cell);
end loop;
Window.Update_Surface;
Wait; Window.Finalize; SDL.Finalise;
end Honeycombs;</lang>
BBC BASIC
<lang bbcbasic> ALTERNATE = 1
VDU 23,22,252;252;8,16,16,128
*FONT Arial,24,B
Letters$ = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
Letters% = !^Letters$
FOR i% = 0 TO 24
SWAP Letters%?i%, Letters%?(i%+RND(26-i%)-1)
NEXT
DIM xpos%(20), ypos%(20), hrgn%(20)
C% = 1
FOR Y% = 36 TO 192 STEP 52
FOR X% = 35 TO 215 STEP 90
xpos%(C%) = X%
ypos%(C%) = Y%
C% += 1
NEXT
FOR X% = 80 TO 170 STEP 90
xpos%(C%) = X%
ypos%(C%) = Y%+26
C% += 1
NEXT
NEXT
REM Plot the hexagons:
FOR C% = 1 TO 20
hrgn%(C%) = FNplothexagon(xpos%(C%), ypos%(C%), &00FFFF, \
\ MID$(Letters$,C%,1), &0000FF)
NEXT
SYS "InvalidateRect", @hwnd%, 0, 0
REM Initialise word selected:
Word$ = ""
REM Monitor mouse clicks:
ON MOUSE PROCmouse(@wparam%,@lparam%) : RETURN
REM Monitor keypresses:
REPEAT
key$ = INKEY$(1)
IF key$ >= "a" key$ = CHR$(ASCkey$-32)
C% = INSTR(Letters$, key$)
IF C% IF C%<21 IF hrgn%(C%) PROCselect(C%)
UNTIL FALSE
END
REM Select a hexagon with the keyboard or mouse:
DEF PROCselect(C%)
hrgn%(C%) = 0 * FNplothexagon(xpos%(C%), ypos%(C%), &FF00FF, \
\ MID$(Letters$,C%,1), &000000)
SYS "InvalidateRect", @hwnd%, 0, 0
Word$ += MID$(Letters$, C%, 1)
SYS "SetWindowText", @hwnd%, Word$
ENDPROC
DEF PROCmouse(W%, L%)
LOCAL C%, R%
IF W%<>1 ENDPROC
FOR C% = 1 TO 20
SYS "PtInRegion", hrgn%(C%), L% AND &FFFF, L% >>> 16 TO R%
IF R% PROCselect(C%)
NEXT
ENDPROC
DEF FNplothexagon(x%, y%, hcol%, text$, tcol%)
LOCAL brush%, pen%, hrgn%, pt%(), size{}
DIM pt%(5,1), size{dx%,dy%}
pt%() = x%-30,y%,x%-15,y%+26,x%+15,y%+26,x%+30,y%,x%+15,y%-26,x%-15,y%-26
SYS "CreatePen", 0, 3, 0 TO pen%
SYS "CreateSolidBrush", hcol% TO brush%
SYS "SelectObject", @memhdc%, pen% TO pen%
SYS "SelectObject", @memhdc%, brush% TO brush%
SYS "Polygon", @memhdc%, ^pt%(0,0), 6
SYS "SelectObject", @memhdc%, pen% TO pen%
SYS "SelectObject", @memhdc%, brush% TO brush%
SYS "DeleteObject", pen%
SYS "DeleteObject", brush%
SYS "GetTextExtentPoint32", @memhdc%, text$, LEN(text$), size{}
SYS "SetTextColor", @memhdc%, tcol%
SYS "SetBkColor", @memhdc%, hcol%
SYS "TextOut", @memhdc%, x%-size.dx%/2, y%-size.dy%/2, text$, LEN(text$)
SYS "CreatePolygonRgn", ^pt%(0,0), 6, ALTERNATE TO hrgn%
= hrgn%</lang>
C
<lang C>
/* Program for gtk3 */ /* discovery: essential to use consistent documentation */ /* compilation on linux: */ /* $ a=./hexagon && make -k "CFLAGS=$( pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 )" "LOADLIBES=$( pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0 )" $a && $a --gtk-debug=all */ /* search for to do */ /* The keyboard and mouse callbacks increment the "selected" status, */ /* of the matching hexagon, */ /* then invalidate the drawing window which triggers a draw event. */ /* The draw callback redraws the screen and tests for completion, */ /* upon which the program spits back the characters selected and exits */
- include<math.h>
- include<string.h>
- include<stdlib.h>
- include<gtk/gtk.h>
static GdkPixbuf*create_pixbuf(const gchar*filename) {
GdkPixbuf*pixbuf;
GError*error = NULL;
pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file(filename, &error);
if(!pixbuf) {
fprintf(stderr,"\n%s\n", error->message);
g_error_free(error);
}
return pixbuf;
}
- define NGON struct ngon
NGON {
double Cx,Cy, r; int sides, selected; char c;
};
GRand*random_numbers = NULL;
- define R 20
- define TAU (2*M_PI) /* http://laughingsquid.com/pi-is-wrong/ */
- define OFFSET_X (1+sin(TAU/12))
- define OFFSET_Y (cos(TAU/12))
- define ODD(A) ((A)&1)
static void initialize_hexagons(NGON*hs,size_t n) {
NGON*h;
gint i,broken;
GQueue*shuffler = g_queue_new();
if (NULL == shuffler) {
fputs("\ncannot allocate shuffling queue. quitting!\n",stderr);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* randomize characters by stuffing them onto a double end queue
and popping them off from random positions */
if ((broken = (NULL == random_numbers)))
random_numbers = g_rand_new();
for (i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; ++i)
g_queue_push_head(shuffler,GINT_TO_POINTER(i));
memset(hs,0,n*(sizeof(NGON)));
hs[n-1].sides = -1; /* assign the sentinel */
for (h = hs; !h->sides; ++h) {
int div = (h-hs)/4, mod = (h-hs)%4;
h->sides = 6;
h->c = GPOINTER_TO_INT(
g_queue_pop_nth( shuffler, g_rand_int_range( random_numbers, (gint32)0, (gint32)g_queue_get_length(shuffler))));
fputc(h->c,stderr);
h->r = R;
h->Cx = R*(2+div*OFFSET_X), h->Cy = R*(2*(1+mod*OFFSET_Y)+ODD(div)*OFFSET_Y);
fprintf(stderr,"(%g,%g)\n",h->Cx,h->Cy);
}
fputc('\n',stderr);
g_queue_free(shuffler);
if (broken)
g_rand_free(random_numbers);
}
static void add_loop(cairo_t*cr,NGON*hs,int select) {
NGON*h;
double r,Cx,Cy,x,y;
int i, sides;
for (h = hs; 0 < (sides = h->sides); ++h)
if ((select && h->selected) || (select == h->selected)) {
r = h->r, Cx = h->Cx, Cy = h->Cy;
i = 0;
x = Cx+r*cos(TAU*i/sides), y = Cy+r*sin(TAU*i/sides), cairo_move_to(cr,x,y);
for (i = 1; i < sides; ++i)
x = Cx+r*cos(TAU*i/sides), y = Cy+r*sin(TAU*i/sides), cairo_line_to(cr,x,y);
cairo_close_path(cr);
}
}
static int make_labels(cairo_t*cr,NGON*hs,int select) {
NGON*h;
int i = 0;
char text[2];
text[1] = 0;
for (h = hs; 0 < h->sides; ++h)
if ((select && h->selected) || (select == h->selected))
/* yuck, need to measure the font. Better to use pango_cairo */
*text = h->c, cairo_move_to(cr,h->Cx,h->Cy), cairo_show_text(cr,text), ++i;
return i;
}
static int archive(int a) {
static GQueue*q = NULL;
if ((NULL == q) && (NULL == (q = g_queue_new()))) {
fputs("\ncannot allocate archival queue. quitting!\n",stderr);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (a < -1) /* reset */
return g_queue_free(q), q = NULL, 0;
if (-1 == a) /* pop off tail */
return g_queue_is_empty(q) ? 0 : GPOINTER_TO_INT(g_queue_pop_tail(q));
if (!a) /* peek most recent entry */
return g_queue_is_empty(q) ? 0 : GPOINTER_TO_INT(g_queue_peek_head(q));
g_queue_push_head(q,GINT_TO_POINTER(a)); /* store */
return a;
}
/* to do: use appropriate sizing, use the cairo transformation matrix */ static gboolean draw(GtkWidget*widget,cairo_t*cr,gpointer data) {
/* unselected fill in yellow */ cairo_set_source_rgba(cr,0.8,0.8,0,1), add_loop(cr,(NGON*)data,0); cairo_fill(cr);
/* selected fill, purple */ cairo_set_source_rgba(cr,0.8,0,0.8,1); add_loop(cr,(NGON*)data,1); cairo_fill_preserve(cr);
/* all outlines gray, background shows through, fun fun! */ cairo_set_line_width (cr, 3.0); cairo_set_source_rgba(cr,0.7,0.7,0.7,0.7); add_loop(cr,(NGON*)data,0); cairo_stroke(cr);
/* select labels */ cairo_set_source_rgba(cr,0,1,0,1); make_labels(cr,(NGON*)data,1); cairo_stroke(cr);
/* unselected labels */
cairo_set_source_rgba(cr,1,0,0,1);
/* to do: clean up this exit code */
if (!make_labels(cr,(NGON*)data,0)) {
int c;
putchar('\n');
while ((c = archive(-1)))
putchar(c);
puts("\nfinished");
archive(-2);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
cairo_stroke(cr);
return TRUE;
}
/*the widget is a GtkDrawingArea*/ static gboolean button_press_event(GtkWidget*widget,const GdkEvent*event,gpointer data) {
NGON*h,*hs = (NGON*)data;
gdouble x_win, y_win;
if (!gdk_event_get_coords(event,&x_win,&y_win))
fputs("\nBUTTON, gdk_event_get_coords(event,&x_win,&y_win)) failed\n",stderr);
else {
fprintf(stderr,"x_win=%g y_win=%g\n",(double)x_win,(double)y_win);
for (h = hs; 0 < h->sides; ++h) /* detection algorithm: */
/* if mouse click within inner radius of hexagon */
/* Much easier than all in-order cross products have same sign test! */
if ((pow((x_win-h->Cx),2)+pow((y_win-h->Cy),2)) < pow((h->r*cos(TAU/(180/h->sides))),2)) {
++h->selected; archive(h->c); /* discovery: gdk_window_invalidate_region with NULL second argument does not work */ gdk_window_invalidate_rect(gtk_widget_get_window(widget),(const GdkRectangle*)NULL,TRUE); break;
} } return TRUE;
}
static gboolean key_press_event(GtkWidget*widget,const GdkEvent*event,gpointer data) {
NGON*h,*hs = (NGON*)data;
guint keyval;
int unicode;
if (!gdk_event_get_keyval(event,&keyval))
fputs("\nKEY! gdk_event_get_keyval(event,&keyval)) failed.\n",stderr);
else {
unicode = (int)gdk_keyval_to_unicode(gdk_keyval_to_upper(keyval));
fprintf(stderr,"key with unicode value: %d\n",unicode);
for (h = hs; 0 < h->sides; ++h) /* look for a matching character associated with a hexagon */
if (h->c == unicode) {
++(h->selected); archive(h->c); /* discovery: gdk_window_invalidate_region with NULL second argument does not work */ gdk_window_invalidate_rect(gtk_widget_get_window(widget),(const GdkRectangle*)NULL,TRUE); break;
} } return TRUE;
}
int main(int argc,char*argv[]) {
GtkWidget *window, *vbox, /* *label, */ *drawing_area; NGON ngons[21]; /* sentinal has negative number of sides */
/* discovery: gtk_init removes gtk debug flags, such as --gtk-debug=all */ /* also calls gdk_init which handles --display and --screen or other X11 communication issues */ gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
/* GTK VERSION 3.2.0 */ fprintf(stderr,"GTK VERSION %d.%d.%d\n",GTK_MAJOR_VERSION,GTK_MINOR_VERSION,GTK_MICRO_VERSION);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/* discovery: to make window transparent I have to use the alpha channel correctly */
/* discovery: GTK_WINDOW(GtkWidget*) casts the widget to window */ /* discovery: window in the function name? use GTK_WINDOW. g_ in function name? use G_OBJECT */ gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Rosetta Code Honeycomb, C with GTK"); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 308, 308+12+8); /* XxY */ /* discovery: making the window vanish does not stop the program */ /* discovery: NULL is placeholder for extra data sent to the callback */ g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
/* I created /tmp/favicon.ico from http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico */ /* Your window manager could use the icon, if it exists, and you fix the file name */ gtk_window_set_icon(GTK_WINDOW(window),create_pixbuf("/tmp/favicon.ico"));
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,1); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
/* to do: fix the label widget */ /* I did not learn to control multiple box packing, and I was */ /* too lazy to make the label widget accessible. Plan was to */ /* insert the most recent character using "peek" option of the archive */
- if 0
label = gtk_label_new("None Selected");
gtk_widget_set_size_request(label,308,20);
gtk_box_pack_end(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,TRUE,4);
- endif
drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new(); gtk_widget_set_events(drawing_area,GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK|GDK_KEY_PRESS_MASK|GDK_EXPOSURE_MASK);
random_numbers = g_rand_new(); initialize_hexagons(ngons,G_N_ELEMENTS(ngons)); /* Discovery: expose_event changed to draw signal. We no longer need configure-event */ g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area),"draw",G_CALLBACK(draw),(gpointer)ngons);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area),"button-press-event",G_CALLBACK(button_press_event),(gpointer)ngons); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area),"key-press-event",G_CALLBACK(key_press_event),(gpointer)ngons); gtk_widget_set_size_request(drawing_area, 308, 308); /* XxY */ gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),drawing_area,TRUE,TRUE,4);
/* Discovery: must allow focus to receive keyboard events */ gtk_widget_set_can_focus(drawing_area,TRUE);
/* Discovery: can set show for individual widgets or use show_all */ gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); g_rand_free(random_numbers); return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} </lang>
C#
<lang csharp>using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Input; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Shapes;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // namespace: Honeycombs // // summary: WPF implementation of Rosetta Code Honeycombs task. Uses Polygon shapes as hexes. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
namespace Honeycombs {
public partial class MainWindow
{
private const int RowCount = 4;
private const int ColCount = 5;
private const int LabelSize = 20;
private readonly char[] _permutedChars;
public MainWindow()
{
if (RowCount * ColCount > 26)
- pragma warning disable 162
{
throw new ArgumentException("Too many cells");
}
- pragma warning restore 162
_permutedChars = GetPermutedChars(RowCount * ColCount);
// VS Generated code not included
InitializeComponent();
}
private static char[] GetPermutedChars(int characterCount)
{
const string allChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
var rnd = new Random();
var chars = new char[allChars.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < allChars.Length; i++)
{
chars[i] = allChars[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < characterCount; i++)
{
int swapIndex = rnd.Next() % (allChars.Length - i);
char tmp = chars[swapIndex + i];
chars[swapIndex + i] = chars[i];
chars[i] = tmp;
}
return chars;
}
private void SetHexProperties(UIElementCollection hexes, double cellSize)
{
int charIndex = 0;
List<Polygon> hexList = hexes.Cast<Polygon>().ToList();
foreach (Polygon element in hexList)
{
SetHexProperties(element, _permutedChars[charIndex++], cellSize);
}
}
private void SetHexProperties(Polygon hex, char charToSet, double cellSize)
{
var tag = (Tuple<int, int, double, double>) hex.Tag;
double cellX = tag.Item3;
double cellY = tag.Item4;
// We place the text in a grid centered on the hex.
// The grid will then center the text within itself.
var centeringGrid = new Grid();
centeringGrid.Width = centeringGrid.Height = 2 * cellSize;
centeringGrid.SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, cellX - cellSize);
centeringGrid.SetValue(Canvas.TopProperty, cellY - cellSize);
centeringGrid.IsHitTestVisible = false;
HoneycombCanvas.Children.Add(centeringGrid);
var label = new TextBlock
{
Text = new string(charToSet, 1),
FontFamily = new FontFamily("Segoe"),
FontSize = LabelSize
};
label.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
label.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
label.IsHitTestVisible = false;
centeringGrid.Children.Add(label);
// Reset the tag to keep track of the character in the hex
hex.Tag = charToSet;
hex.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Yellow);
hex.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Black);
hex.StrokeThickness = cellSize / 10;
// Mouse down event handler for the hex
hex.MouseDown += hex_MouseDown;
}
private void hex_MouseDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{
var hex = sender as Shape;
if (hex == null)
{
throw new InvalidCastException("Non-shape in Honeycomb");
}
// Get the letter for this hex
var ch = (char) hex.Tag;
// Add it to our Letters TextBlock
Letters.Text = Letters.Text + ch;
// Color the hex magenta
hex.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Magenta);
// Remove the mouse down event handler so we won't hit on this hex again
hex.MouseDown -= hex_MouseDown;
}
private static void GetCombSize(double actualHeight, double actualWidth, int columns, int rows,
out double cellSize, out double combHeight, out double combWidth)
{
double columnFactor = (3 * columns + 1) / 2.0;
double rowFactor = (Math.Sqrt(3) * (2 * rows + 1)) / 2.0;
double cellFromWidth = actualWidth / columnFactor;
double cellFromHeight = actualHeight / rowFactor;
cellSize = Math.Min(cellFromWidth, cellFromHeight);
combWidth = cellSize * columnFactor;
combHeight = cellSize * rowFactor;
}
private static void AddCells(Canvas canvas, double cellSize, int columns, int rows)
{
double rowHeight = cellSize * Math.Sqrt(3) / 2;
for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++)
{
AddRow(rowHeight, canvas, cellSize, columns, row);
rowHeight += cellSize * Math.Sqrt(3);
}
}
private static void AddRow(double rowHeight, Canvas canvas, double cellSize, int columnCount, int row)
{
double cellX = cellSize;
double cellHeight = cellSize * Math.Sqrt(3);
for (int col = 0; col < columnCount; col++)
{
double cellY = rowHeight + ((col & 1) == 1 ? cellHeight / 2 : 0);
Polygon hex = GetCenteredHex(cellSize, cellX, cellY, cellHeight);
hex.Tag = Tuple.Create(col, row, cellX, cellY);
canvas.Children.Add(hex);
cellX += 3 * cellSize / 2;
}
}
private static Polygon GetCenteredHex(double cellSize, double cellX, double cellY, double cellHeight)
{
var hex = new Polygon();
hex.Points.Add(new Point(cellX - cellSize, cellY));
hex.Points.Add(new Point(cellX - cellSize / 2, cellY + cellHeight / 2));
hex.Points.Add(new Point(cellX + cellSize / 2, cellY + cellHeight / 2));
hex.Points.Add(new Point(cellX + cellSize, cellY));
hex.Points.Add(new Point(cellX + cellSize / 2, cellY - cellHeight / 2));
hex.Points.Add(new Point(cellX - cellSize / 2, cellY - cellHeight / 2));
return hex;
}
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
double combHeight, combWidth, cellSize;
// Get sizes that will fit within our window
GetCombSize(Main.ActualHeight, Main.ActualWidth, ColCount, RowCount, out cellSize, out combHeight,
out combWidth);
// Set the canvas size appropriately
HoneycombCanvas.Width = combWidth;
HoneycombCanvas.Height = combHeight;
// Add the cells to the canvas
AddCells(HoneycombCanvas, cellSize, ColCount, RowCount);
// Set the cells to look like we want them
SetHexProperties(HoneycombCanvas.Children, cellSize);
}
}
}</lang> XAML: <lang xml><Window x:Class="Honeycombs.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="Honeycomb" Height="400" Width="300" Loaded="Window_Loaded" ResizeMode="NoResize"> <Grid x:Name="Main" Margin="5,5,5,0"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition/> <RowDefinition Height="69.6"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock x:Name="Letters" HorizontalAlignment="Center" TextWrapping="Wrap" Grid.Row="1" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="20"/> <Canvas x:Name="HoneycombCanvas" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/> </Grid>
</Window></lang> File:CSharpHoneycomb.jpg
C++
<lang cpp>// // honeycombwidget.h //
- ifndef HONEYCOMBWIDGET_H
- define HONEYCOMBWIDGET_H
- include <QWidget>
- include <vector>
class HoneycombWidget : public QWidget {
Q_OBJECT
public:
HoneycombWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
protected:
void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event) override; void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event) override; void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event) override;
private:
struct Cell {
Cell(const QPolygon& p, int l, char ch)
: polygon(p), letter(l), character(ch), selected(false) {}
QPolygon polygon;
int letter;
char character;
bool selected;
};
std::vector<Cell> cells;
};
- endif // HONEYCOMBWIDGET_H</lang>
<lang cpp>// // honeycombwidget.cpp //
- include "honeycombwidget.h"
- include <QtWidgets>
- include <algorithm>
- include <cmath>
- include <numeric>
- include <random>
HoneycombWidget::HoneycombWidget(QWidget *parent)
: QWidget(parent) {
setWindowTitle(tr("Honeycombs"));
const int rows = 4; const int columns = 5; const int margin = 15; const int cellWidth = 90;
std::random_device dev; std::mt19937 engine(dev()); char letters[26]; std::iota(std::begin(letters), std::end(letters), 0); std::shuffle(std::begin(letters), std::end(letters), engine);
const double pi = 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288;
double x = cellWidth * std::sin(pi/6), y = cellWidth * std::cos(pi/6);
double cx = margin + cellWidth/2;
int i = 0;
for (int column = 0; column < columns; ++column) {
double cy = margin + y/2;
if (column % 2 == 1)
cy += y/2;
for (int row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
QPolygon polygon(7);
polygon.setPoint(0, cx + x/2, cy - y/2);
polygon.setPoint(1, cx + cellWidth/2, cy);
polygon.setPoint(2, cx + x/2, cy + y/2);
polygon.setPoint(3, cx - x/2, cy + y/2);
polygon.setPoint(4, cx - cellWidth/2, cy);
polygon.setPoint(5, cx - x/2, cy - y/2);
polygon.setPoint(6, cx + x/2, cy - y/2);
int c = letters[i++];
cells.push_back(Cell(polygon, Qt::Key_A + c, 'A' + c));
cy += y;
}
cx += (x + cellWidth)/2;
}
int totalHeight = margin * 2 + y/2 + rows * y;
int totalWidth = margin * 2 + cellWidth + (columns-1) * (x + cellWidth)/2;
resize(totalWidth, totalHeight);
}
void HoneycombWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event) {
const QColor backgroundColor(255, 255, 255); const QColor borderColor(0, 0, 0); const QColor cellColor(255, 255, 0); const QColor textColor(255, 0, 0); const QColor selectedCellColor(255, 0, 255); const QColor selectedTextColor(0, 0, 0);
QPainter painter(this);
painter.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
painter.fillRect(event->rect(), backgroundColor);
QFont font("Helvetica");
font.setPixelSize(40);
painter.setFont(font);
for (const Cell& cell : cells) {
QPainterPath path;
path.addPolygon(cell.polygon);
QPen pen(borderColor, 3);
painter.setPen(pen);
painter.setBrush(cell.selected ? selectedCellColor : cellColor);
painter.drawPath(path);
painter.setPen(cell.selected ? selectedTextColor : textColor);
painter.drawText(cell.polygon.boundingRect(),
Qt::AlignCenter, QString(cell.character));
}
}
void HoneycombWidget::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event) {
QPoint point = event->pos();
auto cell = std::find_if(cells.begin(), cells.end(),
[point](const Cell& c) {
return c.polygon.containsPoint(point, Qt::OddEvenFill);
});
if (cell != cells.end() && !cell->selected) {
cell->selected = true;
update(cell->polygon.boundingRect());
}
}
void HoneycombWidget::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event) {
int key = event->key();
auto cell = std::find_if(cells.begin(), cells.end(),
[key](const Cell& c) { return c.letter == key; });
if (cell != cells.end() && !cell->selected) {
cell->selected = true;
update(cell->polygon.boundingRect());
}
}</lang> <lang cpp>// // main.cpp //
- include <QApplication>
- include "honeycombwidget.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
QApplication a(argc, argv); HoneycombWidget w; w.show(); return a.exec();
}</lang>
- Output:
Screenshot: honeycombs_qt.png (offsite PNG image)
Go
<lang go>package main
import (
rl "github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib" "math" "strings"
)
type hexagon struct {
x, y float32 letter rune selected bool
}
func (h hexagon) points(r float32) []rl.Vector2 {
res := make([]rl.Vector2, 7)
for i := 0; i < 7; i++ {
fi := float64(i)
res[i].X = h.x + r*float32(math.Cos(math.Pi*fi/3))
res[i].Y = h.y + r*float32(math.Sin(math.Pi*fi/3))
}
return res
}
func inHexagon(pts []rl.Vector2, pt rl.Vector2) bool {
rec := rl.NewRectangle(pts[4].X, pts[4].Y, pts[5].X-pts[4].X, pts[2].Y-pts[4].Y)
if rl.CheckCollisionPointRec(pt, rec) {
return true
}
if rl.CheckCollisionPointTriangle(pt, pts[2], pts[3], pts[4]) {
return true
}
if rl.CheckCollisionPointTriangle(pt, pts[0], pts[1], pts[5]) {
return true
}
return false
}
func DrawLineStrip(points []rl.Vector2, pointsCount int32, color rl.Color) {
for i := int32(0); i < pointsCount - 1; i++ {
rl.DrawLineV(points[i], points[i+1], color)
}
}
func main() {
screenWidth := int32(600) screenHeight := int32(600) rl.InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "Honeycombs") rl.SetTargetFPS(60)
letters := "LRDGITPFBVOKANUYCESM" runes := []rune(letters) var combs [20]hexagon var pts [20][]rl.Vector2
x1, y1 := 150, 100
x2, y2 := 225, 143
w, h := 150, 87
r := float32(w / 3)
for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
var x, y int
if i < 12 {
x = x1 + (i%3)*w
y = y1 + (i/3)*h
} else {
x = x2 + (i%2)*w
y = y2 + (i-12)/2*h
}
combs[i] = hexagon{float32(x), float32(y), runes[i], false}
pts[i] = combs[i].points(r)
}
nChosen := 0 sChosen := "Chosen: " lChosen := "Last chosen: "
for !rl.WindowShouldClose() {
rl.BeginDrawing()
rl.ClearBackground(rl.RayWhite)
for i, c := range combs {
ctr := pts[i][0]
ctr.X -= r
index := -1
if key := rl.GetKeyPressed(); key > 0 {
if key >= 97 && key <= 122 {
key -= 32
}
index = strings.IndexRune(letters, key)
} else if rl.IsMouseButtonPressed(rl.MouseLeftButton) {
pt := rl.Vector2{float32(rl.GetMouseX()), float32(rl.GetMouseY())}
for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
if inHexagon(pts[i], pt) {
index = i
break
}
}
}
if index >= 0 {
if !combs[index].selected {
combs[index].selected = true
nChosen++
s := string(combs[index].letter)
sChosen += s
lChosen = "Last chosen: " + s
if nChosen == 20 {
lChosen += " (All 20 Chosen!)"
}
}
}
if !c.selected {
rl.DrawPoly(ctr, 6, r-1, 30, rl.Yellow)
} else {
rl.DrawPoly(ctr, 6, r-1, 30, rl.Magenta)
}
rl.DrawText(string(c.letter), int32(c.x)-5, int32(c.y)-10, 32, rl.Black)
DrawLineStrip(pts[i], 7, rl.Black)
rl.DrawText(sChosen, 100, 525, 24, rl.Black)
rl.DrawText(lChosen, 100, 565, 24, rl.Black)
}
rl.EndDrawing()
}
rl.CloseWindow()
}</lang>
Haskell
<lang Haskell>import Data.Char (toUpper) import Data.Function (on) import Data.List (zipWith4) import System.Exit import System.Random
-- External libraries. import Graphics.Gloss import Graphics.Gloss.Data.Vector import Graphics.Gloss.Geometry import Graphics.Gloss.Interface.IO.Game import System.Random.Shuffle
-- A record of a hexagon-letter. data Hex =
Hex
{ hLetter :: Char -- The letter it holds.
, hSelected :: Bool -- The flag for if the hexagon has been selected.
, hPath :: Path -- The hexagon's vertices.
, hCenter :: Point -- The center of the hexagon.
}
-- A record of the world state. data World =
World
{ wHexes :: [Hex] -- The hexagons to interact with.
, wString :: String -- An ordering of picked letters.
}
-- Assorted helper functions. addV, subV :: Vector -> Vector -> Vector addV (a, b) (x, y) = (a + x, b + y) subV (a, b) (x, y) = (a - x, b - y)
translateP :: Vector -> Path -> Path translateP v = map (addV v)
translateV :: Vector -> Picture -> Picture translateV (x, y) p = translate x y p
lightblue, darkblue :: Color lightblue = makeColor 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 darkblue = makeColor 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0
-- Create vertices for an n-gon with the given radius to a vertex ngon :: Int -> Float -> Path ngon n radius =
let angle = 2 * pi / fromIntegral n
in map (mulSV radius . unitVectorAtAngle . (* angle) . fromIntegral)
[0..(n - 1)]
-- Determine if a point lies on or within a polygon. inPolygon :: Point -> Path -> Bool inPolygon point path =
all (>= 0) $ zipWith detV vas vbs where vas = zipWith subV (drop 1 $ cycle path) path vbs = map (subV point) path
-- Construct all of the hexagons transformed to their screen coordinates -- to make mouse picking easier to solve. mkHexes :: RandomGen g => g -> Float -> World mkHexes gen radius = World hexes ""
where letters = take 20 $ shuffle' ['A'..'Z'] 26 gen xs = concatMap (replicate 4) [-2..2] ys = cycle [-2..1] inRad = radius * (cos $ degToRad 30) yOff x = if ((floor x) :: Int) `mod` 2 == 0 then inRad else 0 yStep = inRad * 2 xStep = radius * 1.5 centers = zipWith (\x y -> (x * xStep, yOff x + y * yStep)) xs ys paths = map (flip translateP $ ngon 6 radius) centers hexes = zipWith4 Hex letters (repeat False) paths centers
-- Draw a single hexagon-letter. drawHex :: Hex -> Picture drawHex (Hex letter selected path center) =
pictures [hex, outline, letterPic]
where
hex = color hcolor $ polygon path
outline = color blue $ lineLoop path
letterPic = color lcolor
$ translateV (addV (-10, -10) center)
$ scale 0.25 0.25
$ text [letter]
(hcolor, lcolor) = if selected
then (darkblue, white)
else (lightblue, black)
-- Draw the whole scene. drawWorld :: World -> Picture drawWorld (World hexes string) =
pictures [pictures $ map drawHex hexes
,pictures $ map drawHighHex hexes
,color (light lightblue) $ textPic
,scale 1.05 1.05 $ textPic]
where
drawHighHex hex = color black $ scale 1.05 1.05 $ lineLoop $ hPath hex
textPic = translateV (-130, -175) $ scale 0.15 0.15 $ text string
-- Handle keyboard and mouse events and update the hexagons -- accordingly. This function checks the hexagon states and -- invokes a system exit when all are marked selected. handleInput :: Event -> World -> IO World handleInput event world@(World hexes string) =
case event of
EventKey key Down _ point ->
case key of
SpecialKey KeyEsc -> exitSuccess
Char char -> hCond (\hex -> hLetter hex == toUpper char)
MouseButton _ -> hCond (\hex -> inPolygon point $ hPath hex)
_ -> return world
_ ->
return world
where
checkWorld w = if all hSelected $ wHexes w then exitSuccess else return w
hCond cond = checkWorld $ World newHexes newString
where
newHexes = flip map hexes
(\hex -> if cond hex
then hex {hSelected = True}
else hex)
diff = map fst
$ filter (uncurry ((/=) `on` hSelected))
$ zip hexes newHexes
newString = case diff of
[] -> string
(hex:_) -> string ++ [hLetter hex]
main :: IO () main = do
stdGen <- getStdGen playIO (InWindow "Honeycombs" (500, 500) (100, 100)) white 60 (mkHexes stdGen 30) (return . drawWorld) handleInput (\_ x -> return x)</lang>
Icon and Unicon
The configuration of the honeycomb can be changed from the command line (height and width in cells as well as the length of the side of one cell). Window dimensions are calculated. The character set used to label cells expands for larger grids. The completed grid is saved as a GIF.
There is no hexagonal widget in the Icon Graphics library so a custom widget was developed. No attempt was made to make this widget like the VIB or VIB2 widgets.
The HexWidgetData record carries around alot of data about each widget including drawing coordinates, label, a routine to know if it's been selected and helper data, and coordinates for drawing neighboring cells (down and upper/lower right).
Label selection is straight forward. Mouse selection first determines if x,y is within the widgets rectangular outer bounds. The x,y point is then reflected into the north west quadrant of the cell and the helper data is used to calculate an abbreviated cross-product (x and y will always be 0). The direction of the resultant z indicates if the point is inside or outside of the widgets inner bounds. <lang Icon>link printf
procedure main(A)
h := (0 < integer(\A[1])) | 4 # cells high w := (0 < integer(\A[2])) | 5 # cells wide u := (10 < integer(\A[3])) | 30 # length of cell side HoneyComb(h,w,u)
end
$define INACTIVE "light yellow" $define ACTIVE "light purple"
procedure HoneyComb(h,w,u) #: run HoneyComb demo
wb := u/2 # window border wmsg := 10 # . message space ww := 2*wb + u*(3*w+1)/2 # . width wh := 2*wb+wmsg+integer((h+1)*u*sqrt(3.)) # . height
chosen := sprintf("black,%d",wb)
fine := sprintf("black,%d",wmsg)
wparms := [ title := sprintf("HoneyComb-%dx%d",h,w),
"g","bg=white","fg=black",
sprintf("size=%d,%d",ww,wh) ]
&window := open!wparms | stop("Unable to open window")
alpha := &ucase # per original spec
if h*w > *alpha then alpha ++:= &lcase # more
if h*w > *alpha then alpha ++:= &digits # more again
if h*w > *alpha then
stop("More than ",*alpha," cells.") # choke
every put(letters := [],!string(alpha))
every !letters :=: ?letters # randomize
Widgets := [] # prepare widgets
every c := 1 to w do { # layout grid of cells
if /top then # start at top left
x := y := wb
else { # continue right from top
x := top.rx
y := if c % 2 = 0 then top.ry0 else top.ry1
}
put(Widgets,W := top := HexWidget(x,y,u,get(letters)))
every 2 to h do # fill in rest of column
put(Widgets,W := HexWidget(x := W.dx,y := W.dy,u,get(letters)))
}
activated := ""
until *activated = *Widgets do { # process widgets
e := Event()
every W := !Widgets do # select widget by
if ((e == &lpress) & W.inside(W,&x,&y)) | # mouse (left press) or
(e == W.s) then # label character
if not find(W.s,activated) then # activate if new
break activated ||:= ( DrawCell(W,ACTIVE), W.s)
Font(chosen)
DrawString(wb,wh-wb-wmsg,"Chosen: "||activated) # update selected list
}
WriteImage(sprintf("%s-%d.gif",title,&now)) # save file
Font(fine) # tell how to quit
DrawString(wb,wh-wmsg,"Right click to exit")
until Event() == &rpress
close(&window)
end
record HexWidgetData(s,u,w,h,ax,ay,cx,cy,poly,xx,xy,dx,dy,rx,ry0,ry1,inside)
procedure HexWidget(ax,ay,u,s) #: create widget s @ x,y & side u /u := 20. # side x := integer(0 <= ax) | runerr(205,ax) # ensure whole numbers y := integer(0 <= ay) | runerr(205,ay) u := integer(1 <= u) | runerr(205,u) # 1 is minimal if ridiculous h := integer(sqrt(3./4) * (w := 2 * u)) # h,w W := HexWidgetData(s,u,w,h, # string, side, width and height
ax,ay, # absolute x,y
ax+w/2,ay+h/2, # center x,y
[ax+u/2,ay, ax+(3*u)/2,ay, ax+2*u,ay+h/2,
ax+(3*u)/2,ay+h, ax+u/2,ay+h, ax,ay+h/2], # to draw polygon
-u/2,h/2, # const for z of cross product
x,ay+h, # next cell down
ax+(3*u)/2,ay+h/2,ay-h/2, # next cells right up/down
InHexWidget) # is it activated proc
return DrawCell(W,INACTIVE) end
procedure DrawCell(W,colour) #: Draw the (general) Widget
Fg(colour)
FillPolygon!W.poly # can draw any polygon
Fg("black")
DrawPolygon!W.poly
Font(sprintf("Helvetica,%d",integer(W.h/2.)))
DrawString(W.cx - TextWidth(W.s)/2,
W.cy + (WAttrib("ascent") - WAttrib("descent"))/2 + 1,W.s)
return W
end
procedure InHexWidget(W,x,y) #: return W if x,y are inside W
if W.w < 0 then W.ax -:= (W.w := -W.w) # fix if -w
if W.h < 0 then W.ay -:= (W.h := -W.h) # fix if -h
if (0 < x - W.ax < W.w) & (0 < y - W.ay < W.h) then { # disallow edge
if x > W.cx then x := W.cx - (x - W.cx) # reflect x->NW
if y > W.cy then y := W.cy - (y - W.cy) # reflect y->NW
if 0 > real(W.xx)*(y-W.poly[2]) - W.xy*(x-W.poly[1]) then # z from cross
return W
}
end</lang>
printf.icn provides formatting
Java
<lang java>import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*;
public class Honeycombs extends JFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame f = new Honeycombs();
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
f.setVisible(true);
});
}
public Honeycombs() {
add(new HoneycombsPanel(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
setTitle("Honeycombs");
setResizable(false);
pack();
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
}
}
class HoneycombsPanel extends JPanel {
Hexagon[] comb;
public HoneycombsPanel() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 500));
setBackground(Color.white);
setFocusable(true);
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
for (Hexagon hex : comb)
if (hex.contains(e.getX(), e.getY())) {
hex.setSelected();
break;
}
repaint();
}
});
addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
for (Hexagon hex : comb)
if (hex.letter == Character.toUpperCase(e.getKeyChar())) {
hex.setSelected();
break;
}
repaint();
}
});
char[] letters = "LRDGITPFBVOKANUYCESM".toCharArray();
comb = new Hexagon[20];
int x1 = 150, y1 = 100, x2 = 225, y2 = 143, w = 150, h = 87;
for (int i = 0; i < comb.length; i++) {
int x, y;
if (i < 12) {
x = x1 + (i % 3) * w;
y = y1 + (i / 3) * h;
} else {
x = x2 + (i % 2) * w;
y = y2 + ((i - 12) / 2) * h;
}
comb[i] = new Hexagon(x, y, w / 3, letters[i]);
}
requestFocus(); }
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) {
super.paintComponent(gg);
Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg;
g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g.setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 30));
g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3));
for (Hexagon hex : comb)
hex.draw(g);
}
}
class Hexagon extends Polygon {
final Color baseColor = Color.yellow; final Color selectedColor = Color.magenta; final char letter;
private boolean hasBeenSelected;
Hexagon(int x, int y, int halfWidth, char c) {
letter = c;
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
addPoint((int) (x + halfWidth * Math.cos(i * Math.PI / 3)),
(int) (y + halfWidth * Math.sin(i * Math.PI / 3)));
getBounds();
}
void setSelected() {
hasBeenSelected = true;
}
void draw(Graphics2D g) {
g.setColor(hasBeenSelected ? selectedColor : baseColor);
g.fillPolygon(this);
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawPolygon(this);
g.setColor(hasBeenSelected ? Color.black : Color.red);
drawCenteredString(g, String.valueOf(letter));
}
void drawCenteredString(Graphics2D g, String s) {
FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();
int asc = fm.getAscent();
int dec = fm.getDescent();
int x = bounds.x + (bounds.width - fm.stringWidth(s)) / 2;
int y = bounds.y + (asc + (bounds.height - (asc + dec)) / 2);
g.drawString(s, x, y); }
}</lang>
Julia
Uses Cairo and Gtk for graphics. Tasks done include the optional one of recording and then displaying letters as chosen with mouse or keyboard on exit once all letters are chosen. <lang julia>using Gtk.ShortNames, GtkReactive, Graphics, Cairo, Colors
mutable struct Hexagon
center::Point radius::Int letter::String color::Colorant
end
const offset = 50 const hgt = 450 const wid = 400 const hcombdim = (rows = 5, cols = 4) const randletters = reshape(string.(Char.(shuffle(UInt8('A'):UInt8('Z'))))[1:20], Tuple(hcombdim)) const win = Window("Honeycombs", wid, hgt) const can = Canvas() const honeycomb = Dict{Point, Hexagon}() const chosen = Vector{String}()
function hexmat(p, rad)
shor = rad * 0.5 long = rad * sqrt(3.0) / 2.0 mat = reshape([shor, long, -shor, long, Float64(-rad), 0.0, -shor, -long, shor, -long, Float64(rad), 0.0], 2, 6) [Point(mat[1, n] + p.x, mat[2, n] + p.y) for n in 1:6]
end
function whichclicked(clickpos)
centers = [c for c in keys(honeycomb)] (maybeclicked, idx) = findmin(map(c -> sqrt((clickpos.x - c.x)^2 + (clickpos.y - c.y)^2), centers)) return maybeclicked < offset * sqrt(3) / 2.0 ? centers[idx] : nothing
end
whichtyped(ch) = (for (k, v) in honeycomb if v.letter == ch return k end end; nothing)
function hexagon(ctx, pos, rad, ltr, colr = colorant"yellow")
set_source(ctx, colr) points = hexmat(pos, rad) set_line_width(ctx, 4) polygon(ctx, points) close_path(ctx) fill(ctx) set_source(ctx, colorant"black") polygon(ctx, points) close_path(ctx) stroke(ctx) move_to(ctx, pos.x - (ltr == "I" ? 7 : 18), pos.y + 15) set_source(ctx, colr == colorant"yellow" ? colorant"red" : colorant"black") set_font_size(ctx, offset) show_text(ctx, ltr) Hexagon(pos, rad, ltr, colr)
end
hexagon(ctx, h::Hexagon) = hexagon(ctx, h.center, h.radius, h.letter, h.color)
function makehoneycomb(ctx)
centers = fill(Point(0, 0), hcombdim.rows, hcombdim.cols)
xdelta = 75.0
ydelta = 90.0
for i in 1:hcombdim.rows, j in 1:hcombdim.cols
center = Point((i - 1) * xdelta + offset, (j - 1) * ydelta + ((i - 1 ) % 2 + 1) * offset)
centers[i, j] = center
honeycomb[center] = hexagon(ctx, center, offset, randletters[i, j])
end
centers
end
@guarded draw(can) do widget
ctx = getgc(can)
if length(honeycomb) == 0
makehoneycomb(ctx)
else
map(c -> hexagon(ctx, honeycomb[c]), collect(keys(honeycomb)))
end
end
""" At entry to this function we have just found out what letter was chosen.""" function changecolor(colr)
h = honeycomb[colr]
h.color = colorant"violet"
hexagon(getgc(can), h)
reveal(win, true)
push!(chosen, h.letter)
if all(map(k -> honeycomb[k].color == colorant"violet", collect(keys(honeycomb))))
println("All hexagons ($chosen, and the last letter was $(chosen[end])) have been chosen. Exiting.")
exit(0)
end
end
signal_connect(win, "key-press-event") do widget, event
if (whichhexgon = whichtyped(string(uppercase(Char(event.keyval))))) != nothing
changecolor(whichhexgon)
end
end
can.mouse.button1press = @guarded (widget, event) -> begin
if (whichhexgon = whichclicked(Point(event.x, event.y))) != nothing
changecolor(whichhexgon)
end
end
push!(win, can) show(can) condition = Condition() endit(w) = notify(condition) signal_connect(endit, win, :destroy) show(win) wait(condition) exit()
</lang>
Kotlin
This is a translation of the Java entry except that code has been added to end the program automatically when all the hexagons have been selected. <lang scala>// version 1.1.4
import java.awt.BasicStroke import java.awt.BorderLayout import java.awt.Color import java.awt.Dimension import java.awt.Font import java.awt.Graphics import java.awt.Graphics2D import java.awt.Polygon import java.awt.RenderingHints import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter import java.awt.event.KeyEvent import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter import java.awt.event.MouseEvent import java.awt.event.WindowEvent import javax.swing.JFrame import javax.swing.JPanel import javax.swing.SwingUtilities
class Honeycombs : JPanel() {
private val comb: Array<Hexagon?> = arrayOfNulls(20)
init {
preferredSize = Dimension(600, 500)
background = Color.white
isFocusable = true
addMouseListener(object : MouseAdapter() {
override fun mousePressed(e: MouseEvent) {
for (hex in comb)
if (hex!!.contains(e.x, e.y)) {
hex.setSelected()
checkForClosure()
break
}
repaint()
}
})
addKeyListener(object : KeyAdapter() {
override fun keyPressed(e: KeyEvent) {
for (hex in comb)
if (hex!!.letter == e.keyChar.toUpperCase()) {
hex.setSelected()
checkForClosure()
break
}
repaint()
}
})
val letters = "LRDGITPFBVOKANUYCESM".toCharArray()
val x1 = 150
val y1 = 100
val x2 = 225
val y2 = 143
val w = 150
val h = 87
for (i in 0 until comb.size) {
var x: Int
var y: Int
if (i < 12) {
x = x1 + (i % 3) * w
y = y1 + (i / 3) * h
}
else {
x = x2 + (i % 2) * w
y = y2 + ((i - 12) / 2) * h
}
comb[i] = Hexagon(x, y, w / 3, letters[i])
}
requestFocus() }
override fun paintComponent(gg: Graphics) {
super.paintComponent(gg)
val g = gg as Graphics2D
g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON)
g.font = Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 30)
g.stroke = BasicStroke(3.0f)
for (hex in comb) hex!!.draw(g)
}
private fun checkForClosure() {
if (comb.all { it!!.hasBeenSelected } ) {
val f = SwingUtilities.getWindowAncestor(this) as JFrame
f.dispatchEvent(WindowEvent(f, WindowEvent.WINDOW_CLOSING))
}
}
}
class Hexagon(x: Int, y: Int, halfWidth: Int, c: Char) : Polygon() {
private val baseColor = Color.yellow private val selectedColor = Color.magenta var hasBeenSelected = false val letter = c
init {
for (i in 0..5)
addPoint((x + halfWidth * Math.cos(i * Math.PI / 3.0)).toInt(),
(y + halfWidth * Math.sin(i * Math.PI / 3.0)).toInt())
getBounds()
}
fun setSelected() {
hasBeenSelected = true
}
fun draw(g: Graphics2D) {
with(g) {
color = if (hasBeenSelected) selectedColor else baseColor
fillPolygon(this@Hexagon)
color = Color.black
drawPolygon(this@Hexagon)
color = if (hasBeenSelected) Color.black else Color.red
drawCenteredString(g, letter.toString())
}
}
private fun drawCenteredString(g: Graphics2D, s: String) {
val fm = g.fontMetrics
val asc = fm.ascent
val dec = fm.descent
val x = bounds.x + (bounds.width - fm.stringWidth(s)) / 2
val y = bounds.y + (asc + (bounds.height - (asc + dec)) / 2)
g.drawString(s, x, y)
}
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater {
val f = JFrame()
with(f) {
defaultCloseOperation = JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE
add(Honeycombs(), BorderLayout.CENTER)
title = "Honeycombs"
isResizable = false
pack()
setLocationRelativeTo(null)
isVisible = true
}
}
}</lang>
Liberty BASIC
By Andy Amaya, Sept. 24, 2015 -- with thanks from the Liberty BASIC Community. <lang lb> NoMainWin Dim hxc(20,2), ltr(26) Global sw, sh, radius, radChk, mx, my, h$, last h$="#g": radius = 40: radChk = 35 * 35: last = 0 sw = 400: sh = 380: WindowWidth = sw+6: WindowHeight= sh+32 Open "Liberty BASIC - Honeycombs" For graphics_nsb_nf As #g
- g "Down; Cls; TrapClose xit"
Call shuffle Call grid 75, 15, "0 0 0", "255 215 32", "0 0 0"
- g "SetFocus; when characterInput getKey; when leftButtonDown chkClick"
Wait
Sub xit h$
Close #h$:End
End Sub
'Assign ASCII values of A thru Z to ltr() array and randomize order of letters Sub shuffle
For i = 1 To 26
ltr(i) = i+64
Next
For i = 1 To 77
r1 = Int(Rnd(1)*26)+1
r2 = Int(Rnd(1)*26)+1
temp = ltr(r1): ltr(r1) = ltr(r2): ltr(r2) = temp
Next
End Sub
'Draw the hex cells and fill with 20 out of 26 random letters Sub grid ox, oy, fc$, bc$, tc$
cx = ox: cy = oy
For i = 1 To 5
If (i And 1)=0 Then cy = oy + 76 Else cy = oy + 42
For j = 1 To 4
count = count + 1: letter$ = Chr$(ltr(count))
Call cell, cx, cy, fc$, bc$, tc$, letter$
hxc(count,0)=cx: hxc(count,1)=cy: cy = cy + 70
Next
cx = cx + 61
Next
End Sub
'Draw a filled hex cell and printed the letter associated with cell Sub cell cx, cy, fc$, bc$, tc$, lt$
lastx = cx + radius: lasty = cy
For f = 1.04719755 To 6.2831853 Step 1.0471955
nx = Cos(f)*radius+cx: ny = Sin(f)*radius+cy
#g "Size 2; Color ";bc$;";BackColor ";bc$
Call triFill cx, cy, lastx, lasty, nx, ny
#g "Size 5; Color ";fc$
#g "Line ";lastx;" ";lasty;" ";nx;" ";ny;";Size 1"
lastx = nx: lasty = ny
Next
#g "Font Courier_New 36 Bold"
#g "Color ";tc$;";BackColor ";bc$
#g "Place ";cx-15;" ";cy+15;";\";lt$
End Sub
'Check for a mouse click in a hex cell Sub chkClick h$, x, y
mx = MouseX
my = MouseY
For i = 1 To 20
If pnc(mx,my,hxc(i,0),hxc(i,1)) = 1 Then 'selected hex cell found
If hxc(i,2)=0 Then
hxc(i,2)=1 'when set to 1, hex cell & letter no longer selectable
key$ = Chr$(ltr(i))
Call cell hxc(i,0),hxc(i,1),"0 0 0","80 0 128","255 255 255",key$
Call showLetter key$
Exit For
End If
End If
Next
End Sub
'Allow letter selection via keyboard Sub getKey h$, char$
key$ = Upper$(Inkey$)
'Poll ESC key to exit at any time
If key$=Chr$(27) Then Call xit h$
idx = Instr("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ",key$)
If idx <> 0 Then
For i = 1 To 20
If idx+64 = ltr(i) Then 'letter matching key press found
If hxc(i,2)=0 Then
hxc(i,2)=1 'when set to 1, hex cell & letter no longer selectable
Call cell hxc(i,0),hxc(i,1),"0 0 0","80 0 128","255 255 255",key$
Call showLetter key$
Exit For
End If
End If
Next
End If
End Sub
'Print letters selected at bottom of screen Sub showLetter key$
#g "Font Courier_New 18 Bold" #g "Color Black;BackColor white" #g "Place ";last*18+20;" 365;\"; key$ last = last + 1 'When 20th letter selected; exit If last > 19 Then Call xit h$
End Sub
'Draw a filled triangle Sub triFill x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3
If x2<x1 Then x=x2: y=y2: x2=x1: y2=y1: x1=x: y1=y
If x3<x1 Then x=x3: y=y3: x3=x1: y3=y1: x1=x: y1=y
If x3<x2 Then x=x3: y=y3: x3=x2: y3=y2: x2=x: y2=y
If x1<>x3 Then slope1=(y3-y1)/(x3-x1)
length=x2-x1
If length<>0 Then
slope2=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
For x = 0 To length
#g "Line ";Int(x+x1);" ";Int(x*slope1+y1);" ";Int(x+x1);" ";Int(x*slope2+y1)
Next
End If
y = length*slope1+y1 :length=x3-x2
If length<>0 Then
slope3=(y3-y2)/(x3-x2)
For x = 0 To length
#g "Line ";Int(x+x2);" ";Int(x*slope1+y);" ";Int(x+x2);" ";Int(x*slope3+y2)
Next
End If
End Sub
'Point in Circle function Function pnc(ax, ay, bx, by)
If (bx-ax)*(bx-ax)+(by-ay)*(by-ay) <= radChk Then
pnc=1
Else
pnc=0
End If
End Function </lang>
Mathematica / Wolfram Language
Two players, 5 by 4. <lang Mathematica>hexagon[{x_, y_}] :=
Polygon[Transpose[{{1/2, 1/4, -1/4, -1/2, -1/4, 1/4} +
x, {0, Sqrt[3]/4, Sqrt[3]/4, 0, -Sqrt[3]/4, -Sqrt[3]/4} + y}]];
off = Transpose[{ConstantArray[0, 20], {0, 0, 0, 0, Sqrt[3]/4,
Sqrt[3]/4, Sqrt[3]/4, Sqrt[3]/4, 0, 0, 0, 0, Sqrt[3]/4,
Sqrt[3]/4, Sqrt[3]/4, Sqrt[3]/4, 0, 0, 0, 0}}];
DynamicModule[{letters = RandomSample[CharacterRange["A", "Z"], 20],
blue = False, cols = {},
locs = Tuples[{Range[1, 4, 3/4],
Range[1, 1 + (3 Sqrt[3])/2, Sqrt[3]/2]}] - off},
EventHandler[
Dynamic[Graphics[{EdgeForm[{Thick, Black}], LightGray,
hexagon /@ locs, {#1, hexagon[#2]} & /@ cols, Black,
MapThread[
Text, {Style[#, FontSize -> Large] & /@ letters, locs}], Red,
Text[Style[
StringJoin[
letters[[FirstPosition[locs, #2]1]] & /@
Cases[cols, {Red, _}]All, 2],
FontSize -> 40], {5/2, -1/2}, {Right, Center}], Blue,
Text[Style[
StringJoin[
letters[[FirstPosition[locs, #2]1]] & /@
Cases[cols, {Blue, _}]All, 2],
FontSize -> 40], {5/2, -1/2}, {Left, Center}]},
PlotRange -> {{-1, 6}, Automatic},
ImageSize -> Large]], {"MouseClicked" :>
If[! MemberQ[colsAll, 2,
Nearest[locs, MousePosition["Graphics"]]1],
AppendTo[
cols, {If[blue, Blue, Red],
Nearest[locs, MousePosition["Graphics"]]1}];
blue = ! blue]}]]</lang>
MATLAB
Simple version
- Click-play, no entering letters
- One-player
- Prints choices list to figure title, no output
- Easy to change number of rows or columns
- No support for different numbers of hexagons in different columns
- Works for up to 26 hexagons before using lowercase labels, 52 hexagons before repeating letters
- Works off of mouse-click events, so program doesn't need to "quit" as it is not really running constantly
<lang MATLAB>function Honeycombs
nRows = 4; % Number of rows
nCols = 5; % Number of columns
nHexs = nRows*nCols; % Number of hexagons
rOuter = 1; % Circumradius
startX = 0; % x-coordinate of upper left hexagon
startY = 0; % y-coordinate of upper left hexagon
delX = rOuter*1.5; % Horizontal distance between hexagons
delY = rOuter*sqrt(3); % Vertical distance between hexagons
offY = delY/2; % Vertical offset between columns
genHexX = rOuter.*cos(2.*pi.*(0:5).'./6); % x-coords of general hexagon
genHexY = rOuter.*sin(2.*pi.*(0:5).'./6); % y-coords of general hexagon
centX = zeros(1, nHexs); % x-coords of hexagon centers
centY = zeros(1, nHexs); % y-coords of hexagon centers
for c = 1:nCols
idxs = (c-1)*nRows+1:c*nRows; % Indeces of hexagons in that column
if mod(c, 2) % Odd numbered column - higher y-values
centY(idxs) = startY:-delY:startY-delY*(nRows-1);
else % Even numbered column - lower y-values
centY(idxs) = startY-offY:-delY:startY-offY-delY*(nRows-1);
end
centX(idxs) = (startX+(c-1)*delX).*ones(1, nRows);
end
[MCentX, MGenHexX] = meshgrid(centX, genHexX);
[MCentY, MGenHexY] = meshgrid(centY, genHexY);
HexX = MCentX+MGenHexX; % x-coords of hexagon vertices
HexY = MCentY+MGenHexY; % y-coords of hexagon vertices
figure
hold on
letters = char([65:90 97:122]);
randIdxs = randperm(26);
letters = [letters(randIdxs) letters(26+randIdxs)];
hexH = zeros(1, nHexs);
for k = 1:nHexs % Create patches individually
hexH(k) = patch(HexX(:, k), HexY(:, k), [1 1 0]);
textH = text(centX(k), centY(k), letters(mod(k, length(letters))), ...
'HorizontalAlignment', 'center', 'FontSize', 14, ...
'FontWeight', 'bold', 'Color', [1 0 0], 'HitTest', 'off');
set(hexH(k), 'UserData', textH) % Save to object for easy access
end
axis equal
axis off
set(gca, 'UserData', ) % List of clicked patch labels
set(hexH, 'ButtonDownFcn', @onClick)
end
function onClick(obj, event)
axesH = get(obj, 'Parent'); textH = get(obj, 'UserData'); set(obj, 'FaceColor', [1 0 1]) % Change color set(textH, 'Color', [0 0 0]) % Change label color set(obj, 'HitTest', 'off') % Ignore future clicks currList = get(axesH, 'UserData'); % Hexs already clicked newList = [currList get(textH, 'String')]; % Update list set(axesH, 'UserData', newList) title(newList)
end</lang>
Perl
The programme uses the Tk GUI toolkit.
<lang perl>#!/usr/bin/perl use warnings; use strict;
use Tk; use List::Util qw(shuffle);
sub altitude {
sqrt(3/4) * shift;
}
sub polygon_coordinates {
my ($x, $y, $size) = @_;
my $alt = altitude($size);
return ($x - $size, $y,
$x - ($size / 2), $y - $alt,
$x + ($size / 2), $y - $alt,
$x + $size, $y,
$x + ($size / 2), $y + $alt,
$x - ($size / 2), $y + $alt,
);
}
{ my %changed;
sub change {
my ($canvas, $id, $letter_id) = @_;
return sub {
$canvas->itemconfigure($id, -fill => 'magenta');
$canvas->itemconfigure($letter_id, -fill => 'black');
undef $changed{$id};
if (20 == keys %changed) {
print "All letters pressed.\n";
# Simple exit causes a "Font still in cache" segfault
# when the last letter is changed with a mouse button.
$canvas->MainWindow->after(10, sub { exit });
}
}
}
}
{ my @letters = (shuffle('A' .. 'Z'))[1 .. 20];
sub comb {
my ($canvas, $fromx, $fromy, $size, $count) = @_;
for (my $x = $fromx; $x < 3 * $count * $size; $x += 3 * $size) {
for (my $y = $fromy; $y < 7.5 * $size; $y += 2 * altitude($size)) {
my $id = $canvas->createPolygon(
polygon_coordinates($x, $y, $size),
-outline => 'black',
-fill => 'yellow',
-width => 2,
);
my $letter = shift @letters;
my $letter_id = $canvas->createText($x, $y,
-fill => 'red',
-text => $letter,
-font => "{sans} " . ($size * 0.9),
);
$canvas->MainWindow->bind('all', lc $letter,
change($canvas, $id, $letter_id));
$canvas->bind($_, '<Button-1>',
change($canvas, $id, $letter_id))
for $id, $letter_id;
}
}
}
}
my $size = 36;
my $mw = 'MainWindow'->new(-title => "Honeycombs"); my $canvas = $mw->Canvas(-width => 8 * $size,
-height => 8 * $size,
)->pack;
comb($canvas, $size, $size, $size, 3); comb($canvas, $size * 2.5, $size + altitude($size), $size, 2);
my $btn = $mw->Button(-text => 'Quit',
-underline => 0,
-command => sub { exit },
)->pack;
$mw->bind('<Alt-q>', sub { $btn->invoke }); MainLoop();</lang>
Phix
Resizable, with automatic font and line width scaling. Selection by mouse or keyboard. Constants for easy modification.
In the 2 player game, the string chosen contains the selections of both players: odd chars = player 1, even chars = player 2.
Included in the distribution as demo\rosetta\honeycomb.exw
<lang Phix>include ..\arwen\arwen.ew
include ..\arwen\axtra.ew
constant N = 5, -- columns
M = 4, -- rows
cLetter = Yellow, -- initial colour(!)
cChosen = Purple,
cPlayr2 = Purple, -- (2 player if!=c_Chosen)
cHover = White,
cLines = Black,
cSelect = Black, -- (text/list of selected letters)
cBackgnd = #EFF8FA,
letters = shuffle("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ")[1..N*M]
sequence fonts -- list of {width,handle}, see set_font() string chosen = ""
constant main = create(Window, "honeycomb", 0, 0, 20, 20, 520, 540, 0),
mainDC = getPrivateDC(main),
viewDC = c_func(xCreateCompatibleDC, {NULL}),
pSize = allocate_Point()
integer ls, -- length of a single side
dx, dy, -- bounding rectangle of a sloping side
ox, oy, -- offsets needed to center things
lw -- line width (10% of ls, tweaked)
-- The total bounding rectange of a completed N by M honeycomb is N*(ls+dx)+dx by (2*M+1)*dy. -- However, as space for the chosen letters, pretend there is an extra row at the bottom. -- Use that to determine the best ls, and hence dx and dy, as the window is resized.
constant cos60 = cos(2*PI*60/360), -- dx = ls*cos60 (cos60=0.5)
sin60 = sin(2*PI*60/360) -- dy = ls*sin60
function font_info(integer size) atom hFont = createFontForDC(viewDC, "Calibri", size, Bold)
{} = selectObject(viewDC,hFont)
{} = c_func(xGetTextExtentPoint32,{viewDC,"W",1,pSize})
return {peek4u(pSize),hFont}
end function fonts = {font_info(1)}
procedure set_font(atom ls)
while length(fonts)<=200 -- (arbitrary limit)
and fonts[$][1]<ls do -- until slightly too big
fonts = append(fonts,font_info(length(fonts)+1))
end while
for i=length(fonts) to 1 by -1 do
if fonts[i][1]<=ls then
{} = selectObject(viewDC,fonts[i][2])
exit
end if
end for
end procedure
integer mx=0, my=0 -- mouse hover cell
procedure drawHexagon(integer x, integer y) integer k = (y-1)*N+x integer ch = letters[k] string s = letters[k..k] sequence points
-- calculate position of left mid:
atom x0 = (x-1)*(ls+dx) + ox + 5
atom y0 = (2*y-mod(x,2))*dy + oy + 10
-- and 3 more x co-ords, and above/below y0:
atom x1 = x0+dx, x2 = x1+ls, x3 = x2+dx,
ya = y0-dy, yb = y0+dy
-- points are {{left,top},top,right,btm,btm,home(left)}
points = {{x0,y0,x1,ya},{x2,ya},{x3,y0},{x2,yb},{x1,yb},{x0,y0}}
k = find(ch,chosen)
setPenColor(iff(k?iff(mod(k,2)?cChosen:cPlayr2):iff(x=mx and y=my?cHover:cLetter)))
drawPolygonh(viewDC,points)
setPenColor(cLines)
drawLinesh(viewDC,points)
{} = c_func(xGetTextExtentPoint32,{viewDC,s,1,pSize})
x0 += dx+ls/2-peek4u(pSize)/2 -- centre-width/2
y0 -= peek4u(pSize+4)/2 -- (centre)-height/2
wPuts2(viewDC,x0,y0,s)
end procedure
function xy_to_hex(sequence xy) integer x, y, gx, gy, rx, ry, hx=0, hy=0
if dx!=0 and dy!=0 then -- (avoid divide by 0)
x = xy[1]-ox-5
y = xy[2]-oy-10+2*dy
-- Credit: Matt Lewis (hexes.exw)
-- (but I basically tilted it on its head
-- and tweaked it using trial and error;
-- see commented out loop in WM_PAINT.)
gx = floor(x/dx)
gy = floor((y-dy)/dy)
rx = remainder(x,dx)
ry = remainder(y,dy)
hx = floor(gx/3+0.7)
if remainder(gx,3)<1 then
atom mxb = (dx/dy)*ry
-- need to check the slope
if remainder(hx,2)!=remainder(gy,2) then
mxb = dx-mxb
end if
hx += (rx>mxb)
end if
hy = floor((gy+remainder(hx,2))/2)
end if
return {hx,hy}
end function
integer dw = 0, dh = 0 -- client area width and height atom bmView integer vwX = 0, vwY = 0 -- actual size of the view bitmap
function mainHandler(integer id, integer msg, atom wParam, object lParam) integer ch
if msg=WM_SIZE then
{{},{},dw,dh} = getClientRect(main)
if dw>vwX or dh>vwY then
-- we need a bigger bitmap
bmView = c_func(xCreateCompatibleBitmap, {mainDC, dw, dh})
{} = deleteObject(selectObject(viewDC,bmView))
{vwX,vwY} = {dw,dh}
end if
-- width = N*(ls+dx)+dx = ls*(N*(1+cos60)+cos60),
-- height = (2*M+3)*dy = ls*(2*M+3)*sin60, pick whichever fits:
ls = min(floor((dw-10)/(N*(1+cos60)+cos60)),
floor((dh-20)/((2*M+3)*sin60)))
dx = floor(ls*cos60) -- (same as ls/2)
dy = floor(ls*sin60)
ox = floor((dw-((N*(ls+dx))+dx))/2)
oy = floor((dh-((2*M+3)*dy))/2)
lw = floor((ls-10)/10)+1
setPenWidth(lw)
set_font(ls)
elsif msg=WM_PAINT then
setPenColor(cBackgnd)
drawRectangleh(viewDC, True, 0, 0, dw, dh)
for x=1 to N do
for y=1 to M do
drawHexagon(x,y)
end for
end for
-- text/list of selected letters goes where (M+2)th row would:
setPenColor(cSelect)
wPuts2(viewDC,ox+dx+5,oy+(2*M+1)*dy+10,chosen)
-- I needed this to get xy_to_hex() working:
-- for i=1 to 400 do -- for j=1 to 400 do -- if xy_to_hex({i,j})={1,1} then -- drawRectangleh(viewDC, True, i, j, i+1, j+1) -- end if -- end for -- end for
void = c_func(xBitBlt,{mainDC,0,0,dw,dh,viewDC,0,0,SRCCOPY})
elsif msg=WM_CHAR then
if wParam=VK_ESCAPE then
closeWindow(main)
if id then end if -- suppress warnings
-- elsif wParam='!' then -- ?9/0
else
ch = upper(wParam)
if find(ch,letters) and not find(ch,chosen) then
chosen &= ch
repaintWindow(main)
end if
end if
elsif msg=WM_MOUSEMOVE then
{mx,my} = xy_to_hex(lParam)
repaintWindow(main)
elsif msg = WM_LBUTTONDOWN then
{mx,my} = xy_to_hex(lParam)
if mx>=1 and mx<=N
and my>=1 and my<=M then
ch = letters[(my-1)*N+mx]
if find(ch,letters) and not find(ch,chosen) then
chosen &= ch
repaintWindow(main)
end if
end if
elsif msg=WM_GETMINMAXINFO then
-- below this, things stop working...
poke4(lParam+MINMAXINFO_ptMinTrackSize,{188,250})
end if
return 0
end function setHandler(main,routine_id("mainHandler"))
WinMain(main, SW_NORMAL)</lang>
Prolog
Works with SWI-Prolog and XPCE. <lang Prolog>honeycomb :- new(W, window('Honeycomb')), new(Counter, counter(20)),
new(Ph, phrase(W, point(50,500))),
send(W, recogniser, new(KB, key_binding(@nil, argument))), numlist(0, 19, NL), create_letters(20, [], LL), maplist(build_list(150,100), NL, LP), new(ChCell, chain), maplist(create_cell(W, Counter, Ph, KB, ChCell), LP, LL), send(W, size, size(600, 600)), % we must free the resources send(W, done_message, and(message(ChCell, for_all, message(@arg1, free)), message(ChCell, free), message(Counter, free), message(Ph, free), message(W, destroy))), send(W, open).
% create the link between the keyboard and the cell
init_key_binding(KB, Cell-UpperCase) :-
downcase_atom(UpperCase, LowerCase),
send(KB, function, UpperCase, message(Cell, click)),
send(KB, function, LowerCase, message(Cell, click)).
create_letters(0, LL, LL) :- !.
create_letters(N, L1, LL) :- C is random(26) + 65, ( \+member(C, L1) -> N1 is N-1, create_letters(N1, [C|L1], LL) ; create_letters(N, L1, LL)).
% creation of the cells create_cell(W, Counter,Phrase, KB, ChCell, Point, Code) :- char_code(Letter, Code), new(H, cell(W, Counter, Phrase, Letter, Point)), send(H, my_draw), send(ChCell, append, H), % create the link between the keyboard and the cell init_key_binding(KB, H-Letter).
% build the list of the centers of the cells
build_list(X0,Y0, N, point(X,Y)) :-
C is N mod 5,
L is N // 5,
C0 is C mod 2,
X is C * 75 + X0,
Y is L * round(50 * sqrt(3)) + C0 * round(25 * sqrt(3)) + Y0.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
- - pce_begin_class(phrase, string, "spelled string").
variable(str, string, both, "displayed string"). variable(window, object, both, "the display" ). variable(pt, point, both, "where to display strings"). variable(lbl1, label, both, "label to display the letters"). variable(lbl2, label, both, "label to display the last letter").
initialise(P, Window : object, Point : point) :-> send(P, slot, window, Window), send(P, slot, str, new(_, string())), send(P, slot, pt, Point), new(Lbl1, label), send(Lbl1, font, @times_bold_24), send(P, slot, lbl1, Lbl1), new(Lbl2, label), send(Lbl2, font, @times_bold_24), send(P, slot, lbl2, Lbl2).
unlink(P) :-> get(P, slot, lbl1, Lbl1), send(Lbl1, free), get(P, slot, lbl2, Lbl2), send(Lbl2, free), send(P, send_super, unlink).
% display the list of the letters % and the last letter on the screen new_letter(P, Letter) :-> get(P, slot, str, Str), send(Str, append, Letter), send(P, slot, str, Str), new(S1, string('Chosen : %s', Str)), get(P, slot, lbl1, Lbl1), send(Lbl1, selection, S1), get(P, slot, window, W), get(P, slot, pt, Pt), send(W, display, Lbl1, Pt), new(S2, string('The user choose letter %c.', Letter)), get(P, slot, lbl2, Lbl2), send(Lbl2, selection, S2), get(Pt, x, X), get(Pt, y, Y), Y1 is Y + 30, send(W, display, Lbl2, point(X, Y1)).
- - pce_end_class(phrase).
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
- - pce_begin_class(counter, object, "count the unclicked cells").
variable(nb, number, both, "number of unclicked cells").
initialise(P, N : number) :-> send(P, slot, nb, N).
decrement(P) :-> get(P, slot, nb, N), send(N, minus, 1), send(P, slot, nb, N), ( send(N, equal, 0) -> send(@display, inform, 'The game is over !') ; true).
- - pce_end_class(counter).
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
- - pce_begin_class(cell, path, "The honneycomb cell").
variable(p, path, both, "the cell itself" ). variable(window, object, both, "the display" ). variable(letter, name, both, "Upcase letter displayed in the cell" ). variable(center, point, both, "coordinates of the center of the cell"). variable(color, colour, both, "colour of the cell"). variable(count, counter, both, "counter of unclicked cells"). variable(status, object, both, "clicked/unclicked"). variable(phr, phrase, both, "to display the new letter").
initialise(P, Window : object, Counter : counter, Phrase: phrase, Letter:name, Center:point) :-> send_super(P, initialise), send(P, slot, letter, Letter), send(P, slot, center, Center), send(P, slot, window, Window), send(P, slot, count, Counter), send(P, slot, status, unclicked), send(P, slot, phr, Phrase), new(Pa, path),
(
get(Center, x, X0), get(Center, y, Y0), X is X0 - 25, Y is Y0 - round(25 * sqrt(3)),
send(Pa, append, point(X, Y)),
X1 is X + 50,
send(Pa, append, point(X1, Y)),
X2 is X1 + 25, send(Pa, append, point(X2, Y0)),
Y3 is Y0 + round(25 * sqrt(3)),
send(Pa, append, point(X1, Y3)), send(Pa, append, point(X, Y3)), X4 is X - 25, send(Pa, append, point(X4, Y0)), send(Pa, closed, @on) ), send(P, p, Pa), send(P, slot, color, colour(@default, 65535, 65535, 0)), % create the link between the mouse and the cell send(Pa, recogniser, click_gesture(left, , single, message(P, click))).
unlink(P) :->
get(P, slot, p, Pa),
send(Pa, free),
send(P, send_super, unlink).
% message processed when the cell is clicked
% or when the letter is pressed on the keyboard
click(P) :->
% test if the cell has already been clicked
% succeed when the the status is 'unclicked'
get(P, slot, status, unclicked),
% change the status
send(P, slot, status, clicked),
% change the color
send(P, slot, color, colour(@default, 65535, 0, 65535)),
send(P, my_draw),
get(P, slot, letter, Letter),
% inform the object "phrase" that a new letter is clicked
get(P, slot, phr, Phrase),
send(Phrase, new_letter, Letter),
% inform the object "counter" that a new letter is clicked
get(P, count, Counter),
send(Counter, decrement).
my_draw(P) :-> % display the path and fill it with the current colour get(P, slot, window, W), get(P, slot, p, Pa),
send(W, display, Pa),
get(P, slot, color, Col),
send(Pa, fill_pattern, Col),
% display the letter centered get(P, slot, letter, C),
new(Str, string(C)),
new(Tx, text(Str?value)), send(Tx, font, font(times, bold, 24)),
% compute the size of the message to center it get(P, slot, center, point(X0,Y0)), get(font(times, bold, 24), width(Str), M), XT is X0 - M/2, get(font(times, bold, 24), height, H), YT is Y0 - H/2, send(W, display, Tx, point(XT, YT)).
- - pce_end_class(cell).
</lang>
PureBasic
Requires PureBasic v4.60. Screen controls in PureBasic are referred to as 'gadgets'. <lang PureBasic>Structure hexGadget
text.s Status.i ;nonselected = 0, selected = 1 center.POINT ;location of hex's center List shape.POINT()
EndStructure
Structure honeycomb
gadgetID.i margins.POINT unusedLetters.s chosen.s maxLength.i Array hexGadgets.hexGadget(0) textY.i
EndStructure
Prototype hexEvent_prt(*h.honeycomb, hexID)
Procedure inpoly(*p.POINT, List poly.POINT())
;returns 1 if point is inside the polygon defined by poly(), otherwise returns 0
Protected new.POINT, old.POINT, lp.POINT, rp.POINT, i, inside, *poly
If ListSize(poly()) < 3: ProcedureReturn 0: EndIf
LastElement(poly()): old = poly()
ForEach poly()
;find leftmost endpoint 'lp' and the rightmost endpoint 'rp' based on x value
If poly()\x > old\x
lp = old
rp = poly()
Else
lp = poly()
rp = old
EndIf
If lp\x < *p\x And *p\x <= rp\x And (*p\y - lp\y) * (rp\x - lp\x) < (rp\y - lp\y) * (*p\x - lp\x)
inside = ~inside
EndIf
old = poly()
Next
ProcedureReturn inside & 1
EndProcedure
- draw a hex Gadget by number
Procedure drawhex(*h.honeycomb, hexID)
With *h\hexGadgets(hexID)
Protected p.POINT
If LastElement(\shape())
p = \shape()
EndIf
ForEach \shape()
LineXY(p\x, p\y, \shape()\x, \shape()\y, RGB(0, 0, 0)) ;black
p = \shape()
Next
DrawingMode(#PB_2DDrawing_Transparent)
DrawingFont(FontID(0))
If \Status
FillArea(\center\x + 1, \center\y + 1, RGB(0, 0, 0), RGB($FF, 0, $FF)) ;magenta
DrawText(\center\x - TextWidth(\text) / 2, \center\y - TextHeight(\text) / 2, \text, RGB(0, 0, 1)) ;black, almost
Else
FillArea(\center\x + 1, \center\y + 1, RGB(0, 0, 0), RGB($FF, $FF, 0)) ;yellow
DrawText(\center\x - TextWidth(\text) / 2, \center\y - TextHeight(\text) / 2, \text, RGB($FF, 0, 0)) ;red
EndIf
EndWith
EndProcedure
Procedure selectHex(*h.honeycomb, hexID)
If Not *h\hexGadgets(hexID)\Status
*h\chosen + *h\hexGadgets(hexID)\text
*h\hexGadgets(hexID)\Status = 1
StartDrawing(CanvasOutput(*h\gadgetID))
drawhex(*h, hexID)
DrawingMode(#PB_2DDrawing_Default)
DrawingFont(#PB_Default)
DrawText(0, *h\textY, "Chosen: " + *h\chosen)
DrawText(0, *h\textY + 20, "The user chose letter " + *h\hexGadgets(hexID)\text + ". ")
StopDrawing()
ProcedureReturn 1
EndIf
EndProcedure
Procedure hexKey(*h.honeycomb, hexID)
If UCase(Chr(GetGadgetAttribute(*h\gadgetID, #PB_Canvas_Input))) = *h\hexGadgets(hexID)\text ProcedureReturn selectHex(*h, hexID) EndIf
EndProcedure
Procedure hexMouse(*h.honeycomb, hexID)
Protected mPos.POINT mPos\x = GetGadgetAttribute(*h\gadgetID, #PB_Canvas_MouseX) mPos\y = GetGadgetAttribute(*h\gadgetID, #PB_Canvas_MouseY) If inpoly(mPos,*h\hexGadgets(hexID)\shape()) ProcedureReturn selectHex(*h, hexID) EndIf
EndProcedure
Procedure honeycombEvents(*h.honeycomb)
If Len(*h\chosen) >= *h\maxLength: ProcedureReturn: EndIf
Protected event = EventType(), *eventFunction.hexEvent_prt
Select event
Case #PB_EventType_Input
*eventFunction = @hexKey()
Case #PB_EventType_LeftButtonUp
*eventFunction = @hexMouse()
Case #PB_EventType_LostFocus
SetActiveGadget(*h\gadgetID)
EndSelect
If *eventFunction
For hexID = 0 To ArraySize(*h\hexGadgets())
If *eventFunction(*h, hexID)
Break ;event successfully handled
EndIf
Next
EndIf
EndProcedure
Procedure createHexGadget(*h.honeycomb, hexID, x, y, dx, dy)
With *h\hexGadgets(hexID)
If *h\unusedLetters
Protected letterNum = Random(Len(*h\unusedLetters) - 1) + 1
\text = Mid(*h\unusedLetters, letterNum, 1)
*h\unusedLetters = ReplaceString(*h\unusedLetters, \text, "")
EndIf
\center\x = x: \center\y = y
AddElement(\shape()): \shape()\x = x - dx: \shape()\y = y
AddElement(\shape()): \shape()\x = x - dx / 2: \shape()\y = y + dy
AddElement(\shape()): \shape()\x = x + dx / 2: \shape()\y = y + dy
AddElement(\shape()): \shape()\x = x + dx: \shape()\y = y
AddElement(\shape()): \shape()\x = x + dx / 2: \shape()\y = y - dy
AddElement(\shape()): \shape()\x = x - dx / 2: \shape()\y = y - dy
EndWith
EndProcedure
Procedure initHoneycomb(*h.honeycomb, posX, posY, dx = 30, dy = 25, marginX = 10, marginY = 5)
Protected i, sx, sy, hCols = 5, hRows = 4, hexGadgetCount = hCols * hRows - 1
If Not *h: ProcedureReturn 0: EndIf
*h\unusedLetters.s = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
*h\chosen = ""
*h\maxLength = 20
Dim *h\hexGadgets(hexGadgetCount)
;calculate size width, height and create honeycomb with margins
sx = Round(dx * (0.5 + hCols * 1.5), #PB_Round_Nearest) + 1 + 2 * marginX
sy = dy * (2 * hRows + 1) + 1 + 2 * marginY + 2 * 20 ;includes room for hex, margins, and text
*h\textY = sy - 2 * 20
;create hexes
Protected hexID, column, row, x, y, baseX, baseY, majorOffsetY = dy
baseX = dx + marginX
For column = 0 To hCols - 1
baseY = dy + marginY
majorOffsetY ! dy
For row = 0 To hRows - 1
x = baseX
y = baseY + majorOffsetY
createHexGadget(*h, hexID, x, y, dx, dy)
baseY + dy * 2
hexID + 1
Next
baseX + dx * 1.5
Next
;draw honeycomb
*h\gadgetID = CanvasGadget(#PB_Any, posX, posY, sx, sy, #PB_Canvas_Keyboard | #PB_Canvas_ClipMouse)
If *h\gadgetID = 0: ProcedureReturn 0: EndIf ;failed to created honeycomb
LoadFont(0, "Arial", 24, #PB_Font_Bold)
StartDrawing(CanvasOutput(*h\gadgetID))
For i = 0 To ArraySize(*h\hexGadgets())
drawhex(*h, i)
Next
Box(0, *h\textY, sx, 40, RGB(0, 0, 0)) ;draw black text box
StopDrawing()
ProcedureReturn 1
EndProcedure
If OpenWindow(0, 0, 0, 400, 400, "PureBasic - Honeycombs", #PB_Window_SystemMenu)
Define honeycomb.honeycomb, quit If Not initHoneycomb(honeycomb, 0, 0): End: EndIf ResizeWindow(0, #PB_Ignore, #PB_Ignore, GadgetWidth(honeycomb\gadgetID), GadgetHeight(honeycomb\gadgetID)) SetActiveGadget(honeycomb\gadgetID)
Repeat event = WaitWindowEvent()
Select event
Case #PB_Event_Gadget
If EventGadget() = honeycomb\gadgetID
honeycombEvents(honeycomb)
If Len(honeycomb\chosen) = honeycomb\maxLength
MessageRequester("Exit", "You chose: " + honeycomb\chosen + ".")
quit = 1
EndIf
EndIf
Case #PB_Event_CloseWindow
quit = 1
EndSelect
Until quit = 1
FreeGadget(honeycomb\gadgetID)
CloseWindow(0)
EndIf</lang>
Python
Rambling python3 code with tkinter
Racket
<lang racket>#lang racket
(struct Hex (x y letter clicked?) #:mutable #:transparent)
(define hexes
(let* ([A (char->integer #\A)]
[letters (take (shuffle (map (compose string integer->char)
(range A (+ A 26))))
20)])
(for*/list ([row 4] [column 5])
(Hex (* 3/2 column) (* 2 (+ row (if (odd? column) 1/2 0)))
(list-ref letters (+ (* 5 row) column))
false))))
(require 2htdp/image) (define (blank width height) (rectangle width height 'outline (color 0 0 0 0)))
(define (hexagon mode color) (regular-polygon 1 6 mode color)) (define aspect-ratio (sin (/ pi 3)))
(define (board _)
(scale 100
(for/fold ([the-board (blank 8 (* aspect-ratio 9))])
([hex hexes])
(define-values (letter-color hex-color)
(if (Hex-clicked? hex) (values 'black 'purple) (values 'red 'yellow)))
(underlay/align/offset
'left 'top the-board
(Hex-x hex) (* aspect-ratio (Hex-y hex))
(overlay (scale 1/10 (text (Hex-letter hex) 10 letter-color))
(hexagon 'outline 'black)
(hexagon 'solid hex-color))))))
- | Closest hex in hexes to x y, as one with minimum distance to its center. |#
(define (hex-at x y)
(argmin (λ (hex) (+ (sqr (- x (* 100 (add1 (Hex-x hex)))))
(sqr (- y (* aspect-ratio 100 (add1 (Hex-y hex)))))))
hexes))
(define letters-chosen '()) (define (choose hex)
(set-Hex-clicked?! hex true) (define letter (Hex-letter hex)) (when (not (member letter letters-chosen)) (set! letters-chosen (list* (Hex-letter hex) letters-chosen))))
(require 2htdp/universe) (void (big-bang
(void)
[to-draw board]
[stop-when (λ (_) (andmap Hex-clicked? hexes)) board]
[on-key (λ (_ k)
(define hex (findf (λ (hex) (key=? k (string-downcase (Hex-letter hex))))
hexes))
(when hex (choose hex)))]
[on-mouse (λ (_ x y event-type)
(when (equal? "button-down" event-type)
(choose (hex-at x y))))]))
(displayln "The letters were chosen in the order:") (for-each display (add-between (reverse letters-chosen) " "))</lang>
Ruby
<lang ruby>Shoes.app(title: "Honeycombs", height: 700, width: 700) do
C = Math::cos(Math::PI/3)
S = Math::sin(Math::PI/3)
Radius = 60.0
letters = [
%w[L A R N D 1 2],
%w[G U I Y T 3 4],
%w[P C F E B 5 6],
%w[V S O M K 7 8],
%w[Q X J Z H 9 0],
]
def highlight(hexagon)
hexagon.style(fill: magenta)
end
def unhighlight(hexagon)
hexagon.style(fill: yellow)
end
def choose(hexagon)
hexagon.choose
highlight hexagon
chosen = @hexagons.find_all {|h| h.chosen?}.map {|h| h.letter}
if chosen.size == @hexagons.size
@chosen.text = 'Every hexagon has been chosen.'
else
@chosen.text = "Chosen: #{chosen.sort.join(',')}\n" +
"Last Chosen: #{hexagon.letter}"
end
end
width = 20 + (Radius*(7*letters[0].size - 3)/4.0).ceil
height = 60 + (Radius*(1 + 2*S*letters.size)).ceil
@hexagons = []
letter_to_hex = {}
# create the GUI
stack(height: height, width: width) do
@chosen = para("Chosen:\nLast chosen:")
# draw the hexagrams
letters.each_index do |row|
letters[0].each_index do |column|
x = 60 + column * Radius * 0.75 + (1-S) * Radius
y = 80 + row * S * Radius + (column.odd? ? S * Radius * 0.5 : 0)
h = shape(x-Radius, y-S*Radius) do
strokewidth 3
move_to(x-C*Radius, y-S*Radius)
line_to(x+C*Radius, y-S*Radius)
line_to(x+Radius, y)
line_to(x+C*Radius, y+S*Radius)
line_to(x-C*Radius, y+S*Radius)
line_to(x-Radius, y)
line_to(x-C*Radius, y-S*Radius)
end
# add some attributes and methods to the shape
class << h
attr_accessor :x, :y, :state, :letter
def chosen?
not @state.nil?
end
def choose
@state = :chosen
end
def contains?(px, py)
if @x-Radius < px and px <= @x-C*Radius
ratio = (px - @x + Radius)/(Radius*(1-C))
@y - ratio*S*Radius < py and py <= @y + ratio*S*Radius
elsif @x-C*Radius < px and px <= @x+C*Radius
@y - S*Radius < py and py < @y + S*Radius
elsif @x+C*Radius < px and px <= @x+Radius
ratio = (@x + Radius - px)/(Radius*(1-C))
@y - ratio*S*Radius < py and py <= @y + ratio*S*Radius
else
false
end
end
def inspect
%q(<%s,"%s",%s,%d@%d>) % [self.class, letter, chosen?, x, y]
end
end
h.x = x + x - Radius
h.y = y + y - S*Radius
h.letter = letters[row][column]
unhighlight h
@hexagons << h
letter_to_hex[h.letter.downcase] = h
letter_to_hex[h.letter.upcase] = h
# add the letter to the hexagon
para(h.letter).style(size:56, stroke:red) \
.move(h.x - C*Radius, h.y - S*Radius)
end
end
# highlight the hexagon under the mouse
hex_over = nil
motion do |x, y|
hex = @hexagons.find {|h| h.contains?(x,y)}
unless hex.nil? or hex.chosen?
highlight hex
end
unless hex_over == hex or hex_over.nil? or hex_over.chosen?
unhighlight hex_over
end
hex_over = hex
end
# handle mouse clicks
click do |button, x, y|
info("button #{button} clicked at (#{x}, #{y})")
hexagon = @hexagons.find {|h| h.contains?(x,y)}
if hexagon
info("clicked hexagon #{hexagon}")
choose hexagon
end
end
# handle keystrokes
keypress do |key|
if key == "\x11" # control-Q
exit
elsif key == "?"
info @hexagons.collect {|h| h.inspect}.join("\n")
elsif letter_to_hex.has_key?(key)
info("pressed key #{key} -> #{letter_to_hex[key]}")
choose letter_to_hex[key]
end
end
end
end</lang>
Scala
Java Swing Interoperability
<lang Scala>import java.awt.{BasicStroke, BorderLayout, Color, Dimension,
Font, FontMetrics, Graphics, Graphics2D, Point, Polygon, RenderingHints}
import java.awt.event.{KeyAdapter, KeyEvent, MouseAdapter, MouseEvent}
import javax.swing.{JFrame, JPanel}
import scala.math.{Pi, cos, sin}
object Honeycombs extends App {
private val (letters, x1, y1, x2, y2, h, w) = ("LRDGITPFBVOKANUYCESM", 150, 100, 225, 143, 87, 150)
private class HoneycombsPanel() extends JPanel {
private val comb: IndexedSeq[Hexagon] =
for {i <- 0 until 20
(x: Int, y: Int) =
if (i < 12) (x1 + (i % 3) * w, y1 + (i / 3) * h)
else (x2 + (i % 2) * w, y2 + ((i - 12) / 2) * h)
} yield Hexagon(x, y, w / 3, letters(i))
override def paintComponent(gg: Graphics): Unit = {
super.paintComponent(gg)
val g = gg.asInstanceOf[Graphics2D]
g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON)
g.setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 30))
g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3))
comb.foreach(_.draw(g))
}
case class Hexagon(x: Int, y: Int, halfWidth: Int, letter: Char,
var hasBeenSelected: Boolean = false) extends Polygon {
private val (baseColor, selectedColor) = (Color.yellow, Color.magenta)
def setSelected(): Unit = hasBeenSelected = true
def draw(g: Graphics2D): Unit = {
val fm: FontMetrics = g.getFontMetrics
val (asc, dec) = (fm.getAscent, fm.getDescent)
def drawCenteredString(g: Graphics2D, s: String): Unit = {
val x: Int = bounds.x + (bounds.width - fm.stringWidth(s)) / 2
val y: Int = bounds.y + (asc + (bounds.height - (asc + dec)) / 2)
g.drawString(s, x, y)
}
g.setColor(if (hasBeenSelected) selectedColor else baseColor)
g.fillPolygon(this)
g.setColor(Color.black)
g.drawPolygon(this)
g.setColor(if (hasBeenSelected) Color.black else Color.red)
drawCenteredString(g, letter.toString)
}
for (i <- 0 until 6)
addPoint((x + halfWidth * cos(i * Pi / 3)).toInt, (y + halfWidth * sin(i * Pi / 3)).toInt)
getBounds }
addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
override def keyPressed(e: KeyEvent): Unit = {
val key = e.getKeyChar.toUpper
comb.find(_.letter == key).foreach(_.setSelected())
repaint()
}
})
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
override def mousePressed(e: MouseEvent): Unit = {
val mousePos: Point = e.getPoint
comb.find(h => h.contains(mousePos)).foreach(_.setSelected())
repaint()
}
})
setBackground(Color.white) setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 500)) setFocusable(true) requestFocus() }
new JFrame("Honeycombs") {
add(new HoneycombsPanel(), BorderLayout.CENTER)
pack()
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE)
setLocationRelativeTo(null)
setResizable(false)
setVisible(true)
}
}</lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>require('Tk')
class Honeycombs(
Number size = 36,
Array letters = @('A' .. 'Z').shuffle.first(20),
) {
define tk = %S<Tk> has changed = Hash()
func altitude(n) {
sqrt(3/4) * n
}
method polygon_coordinates(x, y, size) {
var alt = altitude(size)
return (x - size, y,
x - size/2, y - alt,
x + size/2, y - alt,
x + size, y,
x + size/2, y + alt,
x - size/2, y + alt,
);
}
method change(canvas, id, letter_id) {
return {
canvas.itemconfigure(id, '-fill' => 'magenta')
canvas.itemconfigure(letter_id, '-fill' => 'black')
changed{id} = true
if (20 == changed.len) {
say "All letters pressed."
canvas.MainWindow.after(10, { tk.exit })
}
}
}
method comb(canvas, fromx, fromy, size, count) {
for x,y in (
RangeNum(fromx, 3*count*size - 1, 3*size) ~X
RangeNum(fromy, 7.5*size - 1, 2*altitude(size))
) {
var id = canvas.createPolygon(
self.polygon_coordinates(x, y, size),
'-outline' => 'black',
'-fill' => 'yellow',
'-width' => 2,
)
var letter = letters.shift
var letter_id = canvas.createText(x, y,
'-fill' => 'red',
'-text' => letter,
'-font' => "{sans} #{size * 0.9}",
)
canvas.MainWindow.bind('all', letter.lc,
self.change(canvas, id, letter_id))
[id, letter_id].each { |b|
canvas.bind(b, '<Button-1>',
self.change(canvas, id, letter_id))
}
}
}
method display(title) {
{
var mw = %s'MainWindow'.new('-title' => title)
var canvas = mw.Canvas('-width' => 8*size,
'-height' => 8*size).pack
self.comb(canvas, size, size, size, 3)
self.comb(canvas, size * 2.5, size + altitude(size), size, 2)
var btn = mw.Button('-text' => 'Quit',
'-underline' => 0,
'-command' => { tk.exit },
).pack
mw.bind('<Alt-q>', { btn.invoke })
tk.MainLoop()
}.fork
}
}
Honeycombs().display(title: 'Honeycombs')</lang>
Tcl
<lang tcl>package require Tcl 8.5 package require Tk
- How to make a honeycomb
proc honeycomb {w letterpattern} {
canvas $w -width 500 -height 470
set basey 10
foreach row $letterpattern {
set basex 10 set majoroffsety 0 foreach letter $row { set x [expr {$basex + 60}] set y [expr {$basey + 50 + $majoroffsety}] drawhex $w $x $y $letter 30 50 set majoroffsety [expr {50 - $majoroffsety}] incr basex 90 } incr basey 100
} return $w
}
namespace import tcl::mathop::? ;# For convenience
- How to draw a single hexagon, centered at a particular point.
proc drawhex {w x y ch dx dy} {
if {$ch eq ""} return ;# Allow elision of cells (not used here)
$w create polygon \
[- $x $dx] [- $y $dy] [+ $x $dx] [- $y $dy] [+ $x $dx $dx] $y \ [+ $x $dx] [+ $y $dy] [- $x $dx] [+ $y $dy] [- $x $dx $dx] $y \ -fill yellow -outline black -tags [list hex$ch hull$ch] -width 3
$w create text $x $y -text $ch -fill red -tags [list hex$ch txt$ch] \
-font {Arial 72 bold}
# Install bindings on items $w bind hex$ch <Enter> [list enterhex $w $ch] $w bind hex$ch <Leave> [list leavehex $w $ch] $w bind hex$ch <Button-1> [list dohex $w $ch] # Handle keyboard activity through canvas-level bindings bind $w [string toupper $ch] [list dokey $w $ch] bind $w [string tolower $ch] [list dokey $w $ch]
}
- Callbacks for various bindings
proc enterhex {w ch} {
global chosen
if {$ch ni $chosen} {
$w itemconfigure hull$ch -fill magenta $w itemconfigure txt$ch -fill black
}
} proc leavehex {w ch} {
global chosen
if {$ch ni $chosen} {
$w itemconfigure hull$ch -fill yellow $w itemconfigure txt$ch -fill red
}
} proc dohex {w ch} {
global chosen
if {$ch ni $chosen} {
lappend chosen $ch puts "chosen $ch"
}
if {[llength $chosen] >= 5} {
destroy $w
}
} proc dokey {w ch} {
enterhex $w $ch dohex $w $ch
}
- Initial declarations of state variables
set chosen {} set letterpattern {
{L A R N D}
{G U I Y T}
{P C F E B}
{V S O M K}
}
- Build the GUI
pack [honeycomb .c $letterpattern] focus .c
- Usually don't use this, but it's ideal for this interaction pattern
tkwait window .c puts "overall list of characters: $chosen" exit</lang>
XPL0
<lang XPL0>include c:\cxpl\stdlib; \(color definitions, etc.)
proc DrawHexagon(X0, Y0, Side, Color); \Draw a filled hexagon centered at X0,Y0 int X0, Y0, Side, Color; int X, Y; for Y:= -Side*19/22 to +Side*19/22 do \19/22 aprox = sqrt(3.0)/2.0
for X:= -Side to +Side do
if abs(X) + abs(Y)*23/38 <= Side then \23/38 aprox = 1.0/sqrt(3.0)
Point(X+X0, Y+Y0, Color);
def Cols=5, Rows=4, X0=23, Y0=20; \matrix shape, offset on screen int C, R, X, Y, Letter, Counter, SaveX(26), SaveY(26); [SetVid($101); \set video to 640x480x8 graphics for Letter:= 0 to 26-1 do SaveX(Letter):= 0; Attrib(LMagenta<<8); \light magenta letter background for R:= 0 to Rows-1 do
for C:= 0 to Cols-1 do
[X:= C*35 + X0; Y:= R*40 + (C&1)*20 + Y0;
DrawHexagon(X, Y, 22, LMagenta);
repeat Letter:= Ran(26) until SaveX(Letter) = 0;
Move(X-4, Y-7); ChOut(6, Letter+^A);
SaveX(Letter):= X; SaveY(Letter):= Y; \save coordinates for letter
];
Counter:= 0; repeat Letter:= ChIn(1); \get letter from keyboard
if Letter>=^a & Letter<=^z then Letter:= Letter-$20; \make uppercase
if Letter>=^A & Letter<=^Z then
if SaveX(Letter-^A) # 0 then \letter is available
[X:= SaveX(Letter-^A); Y:= SaveY(Letter-^A);
DrawHexagon(X, Y, 22, Yellow); \change color
Move(X-4, Y-7);
Attrib(Yellow<<8); ChOut(6, Letter);
Move(Counter*8+8, Rows*40+30); \show record of chosen letters
Attrib(Yellow); ChOut(6, Letter);
Counter:= Counter+1;
SaveX(Letter-^A):= 0; \letter is no longer available
]
else ChOut(0, Bel) \letter is not available
else ChOut(0, Bel); \not a letter (A..Z)
until Counter >= Cols*Rows; SetVid($03); \restore normal text display ]</lang>
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