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Determine if a string is numeric: Difference between revisions

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Determine if a string is numeric (view source)

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{{task}}
Demonstrates how to implement a custom IsNumeric method.
 
Line 50:
S3 : String := "Foo123";
begin
Put_Line(S1 & " results in " & Boolean'Image(Is_Numeric(S1)));
Put_Line(S2 & " results in " & Boolean'Image(Is_Numeric(S2)));
Put_Line(S3 & " results in " & Boolean'Image(Is_Numeric(S3)));
end Isnumeric_Test;
The output of the program above is:
152 results in TRUE
-3.1415926 results in TRUE
Foo123 results in FALSE
 
==[[C]]==
[[Category:C]]
 
Returns true (non-zero) if character-string parameter represents a signed or unsigned integer.
Otherwise returns false (zero).
 
#include <stdlib.h>
int isNumeric (const char * s)
{
char * p;
strtol (s, &p, 10);
return !*p;
}
 
==[[C sharp|C#]]==
[[Category:C sharp|C#]]
 
'''Framework:''' [[.NET]] 2.0+
public static bool IsNumeric(string s)
{
double Result;
return double.TryParse(s, out Result); // TryParse routines were added in Framework version 2.0.
}
string value = "123";
if (IsNumeric(value))
{
// do something
}
 
'''Framework:''' [[.NET]] 1.0+
 
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
public static bool IsNumeric(string s)
{
try
{
Double.Parse(s);
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
 
==[[ColdFusion]]==
[[Category:ColdFusion]]
 
Adobe's ColdFusion
 
<cfset TestValue=34>
TestValue: <cfoutput>#TestValue#</cfoutput><br>
<cfif isNumeric(TestValue)>
is Numeric.
<cfelse>
is NOT Numeric.
</cfif>
 
<cfset TestValue="NAS">
TestValue: <cfoutput>#TestValue#</cfoutput><br>
<cfif isNumeric(TestValue)>
is Numeric.
<cfelse>
is NOT Numeric.
</cfif>
 
==[[Forth]]==
[[Category:Forth]]
'''Interpreter:''' gforth 0.6.2
 
: is-numeric ( addr len -- )
2dup snumber? ?dup if \ not standard, but >number is more cumbersome to use
0< if
-rot type ." as integer = " .
else
2swap type ." as double = " <# #s #> type
then
else 2dup >float if
type ." as float = " f.
else
type ." isn't numeric in base " base @ dec.
then then ;
s" 1234" is-numeric \ 1234 as integer = 1234
s" 1234." is-numeric \ 1234. as double = 1234
s" 1234e" is-numeric \ 1234e as float = 1234.
s" $1234" is-numeric \ $1234 as integer = 4660 ( hex literal )
s" %1010" is-numeric \ %1010 as integer = 10 ( binary literal )
s" beef" is-numeric \ beef isn't numeric in base 10
hex
s" beef" is-numeric \ beef as integer = BEEF
s" &1234" is-numeric \ &1234 as integer = 4D2 ( decimal literal )
 
==[[IDL]]==
[[Category:IDL]]
 
function isnumeric,input
on_ioerror, false
test = double(input)
return, 1
false: return, 0
end
 
Could be called like this:
 
if isnumeric('-123.45e-2') then print, 'yes' else print, 'no'
; ==> yes
if isnumeric('picklejuice') then print, 'yes' else print, 'no'
; ==> no
 
==[[Java]]==
[[Category:Java]]
It's generally bad practice in Java to rely on an exception being thrown since exception handling is relatively expensive. If non-numeric strings are common, you're going to see a huge performance hit.
public boolean isNumeric(String input) {
try {
Integer.parseInt(input);
return true;
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// s is not numeric
return false;
}
}
 
Alternative 1 : Check that each character in the string is number. Note that this will only works for integers.
 
private static final boolean isNumeric(final String s) {
for (int x = 0; x < s.length(); x++) {
final char c = s.charAt(x);
if (x == 0 && (c == '-')) continue; // negative
if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9')) continue; // 0 - 9
return false; // invalid
}
return true; // valid
}
 
Alternative 2 : use a regular expression (a more elegant solution). Also, only for integers.
 
public static boolean IsNumeric(string inputData) {
final static Regex isNumber = new Regex(@"^-{0,1}\d+$");
Match m = isNumber.Match(inputData);
return m.Success;
}
 
==[[JavaScript]]==
[[Category:JavaScript]]
 
string value = "123.45e7";
if (isFinite(value))
{
// do something
}
//Or, in web browser in URL box:
// javascript:value="123.45e4"; if(isFinite(value)) {alert('numeric')} else {alert('non-numeric')}
 
 
==[[mIRC Scripting Language]]==
[[Category:mIRC Scripting Language]]
'''Interpreter:''' [[mIRC]]
 
var %value = 3
if ($1 isnum) {
echo -s $1 is numeric.
}
 
==[[Objective-C]]==
[[Category:Objective-C]]
'''Compiler:''' [[GNU Compiler Collection|gcc]]
[[Category:GNU Compiler Collection]]
 
The ''NSScanner'' class supports scanning of strings for various types. The ''scanFloat'' method will return TRUE if the string is numeric, even if the number is actually too long to be contained by the precision of a ''float''.
 
if( [[NSScanner scannerWithString:@"-123.4e5"] scanFloat:nil] )
NSLog( @"\"-123.4e5\" is numeric" );
else
NSLog( @"\"-123.4e5\" is not numeric" );
if( [[NSScanner scannerWithString:@"Not a number"] scanFloat:nil] )
NSLog( @"\"Not a number\" is numeric" );
else
NSLog( @"\"Not a number\" is not numeric" );
// prints: "-123.4e5" is numeric
// prints: "Not a number" is not numeric
 
==[[Perl]]==
[[Category:Perl]]
 
'''Interpreter:''' [[Perl]] 5.8
 
Quoting from [http://perldoc.perl.org/perlfaq4.html#How-do-I-determine-whether-a-scalar-is-a-number%2fwhole%2finteger%2ffloat%3f perlfaq4]:
 
''How do I determine whether a [[scalar]] is a number/whole/integer/float?''
 
Assuming that you don't care about [[IEEE]] notations like "NaN" or "Infinity", you probably just want to use a [[regular expression]].
 
if (/\D/) { print "has nondigits\n" }
if (/^\d+$/) { print "is a whole number\n" }
if (/^-?\d+$/) { print "is an integer\n" }
if (/^[+-]?\d+$/) { print "is a +/- integer\n" }
if (/^-?\d+\.?\d*$/) { print "is a real number\n" }
if (/^-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d*)?&\.\d+)$/) { print "is a decimal number\n" }
if (/^([+-]?)(?=\d&\.\d)\d*(\.\d*)?([Ee]([+-]?\d+))?$/)
{ print "a C float\n" }
 
There are also some commonly used modules for the task. [[Scalar::Util]] (distributed with 5.8) provides access to perl's internal function "looks_like_number" for determining whether a variable looks like a number. Data::Types exports functions that validate data types using both the above and other regular expressions. Thirdly, there is "Regexp::Common" which has regular expressions to match various types of numbers. Those three modules are available from the CPAN.
 
If you're on a [[POSIX]] system, Perl supports the "[[POSIX::strtod]]" function. Its semantics are somewhat cumbersome, so here's a "getnum" wrapper function for more convenient access. This function takes a string and returns the number it found, or "[[undef]]" for input that isn't a C float. The "is_numeric" function is a front end to "getnum" if you just want to say, ''Is this a float?''
 
sub getnum {
use POSIX qw(strtod);
my $str = shift;
$str =~ s/^\s+//;
$str =~ s/\s+$//;
$! = 0;
my($num, $unparsed) = strtod($str);
if (($str eq '') && ($unparsed != 0) && $!) {
return undef;
} else {
return $num;
}
}
 
sub is_numeric { defined getnum($_[0]) }
 
Or you could check out the String::Scanf module on the CPAN instead. The POSIX module (part of the standard Perl distribution) provides the "strtod" and "strtol" for converting strings to double and longs, respectively.
 
==[[PHP]]==
[[Category:PHP]]
 
<?php
$string = '123';
if(is_numeric($string)) {
}
 
==[[PL/SQL|PL/SQL]]==
[[Category:PL/SQL|PL/SQL]]
 
FUNCTION IsNumeric( value IN VARCHAR2 )
RETURN BOOLEAN
IS
help NUMBER;
BEGIN
help := to_number( value );
return( TRUE );
EXCEPTION
WHEN others THEN
return( FALSE );
END;
 
Value VARCHAR2( 10 ) := '123';
IF( IsNumeric( Value ) )
THEN
NULL;
END IF;
 
==[[Python]]==
[[Category:Python]]
 
s = '123'
try:
i = int(s)
# use i
except ValueError:
# s is not numeric
 
Or for positive integers:
 
s = '123'
if s.isdigit():
...
 
==[[Ruby]]==
[[Category:Ruby]]
 
value=123
if Numeric===value
...
 
==[[Scheme]]==
[[Category:Scheme]]
 
<tt>number?</tt> is a standard R5RS scheme predicate
(define is-numeric? number?)
 
==[[SQL]]==
[[Category:SQL]]
-- Tested on Microsoft SQL Server 2005
declare @s varchar(10)
set @s = '1234.56'
print isnumeric(@s) --prints 1 if numeric, 0 if not.
if isnumeric(@s)=1 begin print 'Numeric' end
else print 'Non-numeric'
 
==[[Tcl]]==
[[Category:Tcl]]
 
if { [string is double $varname] } then { ... }
 
Also <tt>string is integer</tt> (, <tt>string is alnum</tt> etc etc)
 
==[[Visual Basic .NET]]==
[[Category:Visual Basic .NET]]
 
Compiler: [[Visual Basic]] 2005
Dim Value As String = "123"
If IsNumeric(Value) Then
End If
 
==[[Toka]]==
[[Category:Toka]]
 
Returns TRUE (-1) if character-string parameter represents a signed
or unsigned integer. Otherwise returns FALSE (zero).
 
[ ( string -- flag )
>number nip ] is isNumeric
 
==[[VBScript]]==
[[Category:VBScript]]
 
IsNumeric(Expr)
 
Returns a True if numeric and a false if not.
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