DNS query
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
DNS is an internet service that maps domain names, like rosettacode.org, to IP addresses, like 66.220.0.231.
Use DNS to resolve www.kame.net to both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. Print these addresses.
Ada
<lang Ada>with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with GNAT.Sockets; use GNAT.Sockets;
procedure DNSQuerying is
Host : Host_Entry_Type (1, 1); Inet_Addr_V4 : Inet_Addr_Type (Family_Inet);
begin
Host := Get_Host_By_Name (Name => "www.kame.net");
Inet_Addr_V4 := Addresses (Host);
Put ("IPv4: " & Image (Value => Inet_Addr_V4));
end DNSQuerying;</lang>
<lang Ada>with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with GNAT.Sockets; use Gnat.Sockets; procedure DNSQuerying is
procedure Print_Address_Info (Host, Serv : String; Family : Family_Type := Family_Unspec) is
Addresses : Address_Info_Array := Get_Address_Info (Host, Serv, Family, Passive => False, Numeric_Host => False);
Inet_Addr_V6: Inet_Addr_Type(Family_Inet6);
begin
Sort (Addresses, IPv6_TCP_Preferred'Access);
Inet_Addr_V6 := Addresses(1).Addr.Addr;
Put_Line("IPv6: " & Image(Value => Inet_Addr_V6));
end Print_Address_Info;
begin
Print_Address_Info ("ipv6.google.com", "https", Family_Inet6);
end DNSQuerying;</lang>
ARM Assembly
<lang ARM Assembly>
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */ /* program dnsquery.s */
/************************************/ /* Constantes */ /************************************/ .equ STDIN, 0 @ Linux input console .equ STDOUT, 1 @ Linux output console
.equ EXIT, 1 @ Linux syscall END PROGRAM .equ FORK, 2 @ Linux syscall .equ READ, 3 @ Linux syscall .equ WRITE, 4 @ Linux syscall .equ OPEN, 5 @ Linux syscall .equ CLOSE, 6 @ Linux syscall .equ EXECVE, 0xB @ Linux syscall .equ PIPE, 0x2A @ Linux syscall .equ DUP2, 0x3F @ Linux syscall .equ WAIT4, 0x72 @ Linux syscall
.equ WUNTRACED, 2 @ Wait, return status of stopped child .equ TAILLEBUFFER, 500 /*********************************/ /* Initialized data */ /*********************************/ .data szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n" szMessFinOK: .asciz "Fin normale du programme. \n" szMessError: .asciz "Error occured !!!" szCommand: .asciz "/usr/bin/host" @ command host szNameHost: .asciz "www.kame.net" @ string query name .align 4 stArg1: .int szCommand @ address command
.int szNameHost @ address argument
.int 0,0 @ zeroes
/*********************************/ /* UnInitialized data */ /*********************************/ .bss .align 4 iStatusThread: .skip 4 pipefd: .skip 8 sBuffer: .skip TAILLEBUFFER stRusage: .skip TAILLEBUFFER /*********************************/ /* code section */ /*********************************/ .text .global main main: @ entry of program
/* création pipe */ ldr r0,iAdrpipefd @ FDs address mov r7, #PIPE @ create pipe svc 0 @ call system Linux cmp r0,#0 @ error ? blt 99f
/* create child thread */
mov r0,#0
mov r7, #FORK @ call system
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ error ?
blt 99f
bne parent @ if <> zero r0 contains father pid
@ else is the child
/****************************************/ /* Child thread */ /****************************************/
/* redirection sysout -> pipe */ ldr r0,iAdrpipefd ldr r0,[r0,#4] mov r7, #DUP2 @ call system linux mov r1, #STDOUT @ svc #0 cmp r0,#0 @ error ? blt 99f
/* run command host */ ldr r0, iAdrszCommand @ r0 = address de "/usr/bin/host" ldr r1,iAdrstArg1 @ address argument 1 mov r2,#0 mov r7, #EXECVE @ call system linux (execve) svc #0 @ if ok -> no return !!! b 100f @ never exec this label
/****************************************/ /* Father thread */ /****************************************/ parent:
mov r4,r0 @ save child pid
1: @ loop child signal
mov r0,r4 ldr r1,iAdriStatusThread @ return status thread mov r2,#WUNTRACED @ flags ldr r3,iAdrstRusage @ return structure thread mov r7, #WAIT4 @ Call System svc #0 cmp r0,#0 @ error ? blt 99f @ recup status ldr r0,iAdriStatusThread @ analyse status ldrb r0,[r0] @ firest byte cmp r0,#0 @ normal end thread ? bne 1b @ loop
/* close entry pipe */ ldr r0,iAdrpipefd mov r7,#CLOSE @ call system svc #0
/* read datas pipe */ ldr r0,iAdrpipefd ldr r0,[r0] ldr r1,iAdrsBuffer @ buffer address mov r2,#TAILLEBUFFER @ buffer size mov r7, #READ @ call system svc #0 ldr r0,iAdrsBuffer @ display buffer bl affichageMess
ldr r0,iAdrszMessFinOK @ display message Ok bl affichageMess mov r0, #0 @ return code b 100f
99:
ldr r0,iAdrszMessError @ erreur bl affichageMess mov r0, #1 @ return code b 100f
100: @ standard end of the program
mov r7, #EXIT @ request to exit program svc #0 @ perform the system call
iAdrszCarriageReturn: .int szCarriageReturn iAdrszMessFinOK: .int szMessFinOK iAdrszMessError: .int szMessError iAdrsBuffer: .int sBuffer iAdrpipefd: .int pipefd iAdrszCommand: .int szCommand iAdrstArg1: .int stArg1 iAdriStatusThread: .int iStatusThread iAdrstRusage: .int stRusage
/******************************************************************/
/* display text with size calculation */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of the message */
affichageMess:
push {r0,r1,r2,r7,lr} @ save registres
mov r2,#0 @ counter length
1: @ loop length calculation
ldrb r1,[r0,r2] @ read octet start position + index
cmp r1,#0 @ if 0 its over
addne r2,r2,#1 @ else add 1 in the length
bne 1b @ and loop
@ so here r2 contains the length of the message
mov r1,r0 @ address message in r1
mov r0,#STDOUT @ code to write to the standard output Linux
mov r7, #WRITE @ code call system "write"
svc #0 @ call systeme
pop {r0,r1,r2,r7,lr} @ restaur des 2 registres */
bx lr @ return
</lang>
AutoHotkey
This code uses Windows built-in 'nslookup' command (and a temporary file): <lang AutoHotkey>Url := "www.kame.net" , LogFile := "Ping_" A_Now ".log" Runwait, %comspec% /c nslookup %Url%>%LogFile%, , hide FileRead, Contents, %LogFile% FileDelete, %LogFile% RegExMatch(Contents,"Addresses:.+(`r?`n\s+.+)*",Match) MsgBox, % RegExReplace(Match,"(Addresses:|[ `t])")</lang>
Batch File
<lang dos>:: DNS Query Task from Rosetta Code Wiki
- Batch File Implementation
@echo off
set "domain=www.kame.net" echo DOMAIN: "%domain%" echo( call :DNS_Lookup "%domain%" pause exit /b
- Main Procedure
- Uses NSLOOKUP Command. Also uses a dirty "parsing" to detect IP addresses.
- DNS_Lookup [domain]
- Define Variables and the TAB Character
set "dom=%~1" set "record=" set "reccnt=0" for /f "delims=" %%T in ('forfiles /p "%~dp0." /m "%~nx0" /c "cmd /c echo(0x09"') do set "TAB=%%T"
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion for /f "tokens=1* delims=:" %%x in ('nslookup "!dom!" 2^>nul') do (
set "line=%%x"
if /i "!line:~0,4!"=="Name" set "record=yes"
if /i "!line:~0,5!"=="Alias" set "record="
if "!record!"=="yes" (
set /a reccnt+=1
if "%%y"=="" (set "catch_!reccnt!=%%x") else (set "catch_!reccnt!=%%x:%%y")
)
) for /l %%c in (1,1,%reccnt%) do (
if /i "!catch_%%c:~0,7!"=="Address" echo(!catch_%%c:*s: =! if /i "!catch_%%c:~0,1!"=="%TAB%" echo(!catch_%%c:%TAB% =!
) endlocal goto :EOF</lang>
- Output:
DOMAIN: "www.kame.net" 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7 203.178.141.194 Press any key to continue . . .
BBC BASIC
<lang bbcbasic> name$ = "www.kame.net"
AF_INET = 2
AF_INET6 = 23
WSASYS_STATUS_LEN = 128
WSADESCRIPTION_LEN = 256
SYS "LoadLibrary", "WS2_32.DLL" TO ws2%
SYS "GetProcAddress", ws2%, "WSAStartup" TO `WSAStartup`
SYS "GetProcAddress", ws2%, "WSACleanup" TO `WSACleanup`
SYS "GetProcAddress", ws2%, "getaddrinfo" TO `getaddrinfo`
DIM WSAdata{wVersion{l&,h&}, wHighVersion{l&,h&}, \
\ szDescription&(WSADESCRIPTION_LEN), szSystemStatus&(WSASYS_STATUS_LEN), \
\ iMaxSockets{l&,h&}, iMaxUdpDg{l&,h&}, lpVendorInfo%}
DIM addrinfo{ai_flags%, ai_family%, ai_socktype%, ai_protocol%, \
\ ai_addrlen%, lp_ai_canonname%, lp_ai_addr%, lp_ai_next%}
DIM ipv4info{} = addrinfo{}, ipv6info{} = addrinfo{}
DIM sockaddr_in{sin_family{l&,h&}, sin_port{l&,h&}, sin_addr&(3), sin_zero&(7)}
DIM sockaddr_in6{sin6_family{l&,h&}, sin6_port{l&,h&}, sin6_flowinfo%, \
\ sin6_addr&(15), sin6_scope_id%}
SYS `WSAStartup`, &202, WSAdata{} TO res%
IF res% ERROR 102, "WSAStartup failed"
addrinfo.ai_family% = AF_INET
SYS `getaddrinfo`, name$, 0, addrinfo{}, ^ipv4info{}+4 TO res%
IF res% ERROR 103, "getaddrinfo failed"
!(^sockaddr_in{}+4) = ipv4info.lp_ai_addr%
PRINT "IPv4 address = " ;
PRINT ;sockaddr_in.sin_addr&(0) "." sockaddr_in.sin_addr&(1) "." ;
PRINT ;sockaddr_in.sin_addr&(2) "." sockaddr_in.sin_addr&(3)
addrinfo.ai_family% = AF_INET6
SYS `getaddrinfo`, name$, 0, addrinfo{}, ^ipv6info{}+4 TO res%
IF res% ERROR 104, "getaddrinfo failed"
!(^sockaddr_in6{}+4) = ipv6info.lp_ai_addr%
PRINT "IPv6 address = " ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(0) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(1) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(2) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(3) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(4) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(5) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(6) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(7) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(8) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(9) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(10) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(11) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(12) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(13) ":" ;
PRINT ;~sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(14) * 256 + sockaddr_in6.sin6_addr&(15)
SYS `WSACleanup`
</lang> Output:
IPv4 address = 203.178.141.194 IPv6 address = 2001:200:DFF:FFF1:216:3EFF:FEB1:44D7
C
This solution uses getaddrinfo(), a standard function from RFC 3493. This code resembles an example from getaddrinfo(3), the BSD manual page. Whereas the man page code connects to www.kame.net, this code only prints the numeric addresses.
<lang c>#include <sys/types.h>
- include <sys/socket.h>
- include <netdb.h> /* getaddrinfo, getnameinfo */
- include <stdio.h> /* fprintf, printf */
- include <stdlib.h> /* exit */
- include <string.h> /* memset */
int main() { struct addrinfo hints, *res, *res0; int error; char host[NI_MAXHOST];
/* * Request only one socket type from getaddrinfo(). Else we * would get both SOCK_DGRAM and SOCK_STREAM, and print two * copies of each numeric address. */ memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints); hints.ai_family = PF_UNSPEC; /* IPv4, IPv6, or anything */ hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM; /* Dummy socket type */
/* * Use getaddrinfo() to resolve "www.kame.net" and allocate * a linked list of addresses. */ error = getaddrinfo("www.kame.net", NULL, &hints, &res0); if (error) { fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", gai_strerror(error)); exit(1); }
/* Iterate the linked list. */ for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) { /* * Use getnameinfo() to convert res->ai_addr to a * printable string. * * NI_NUMERICHOST means to present the numeric address * without doing reverse DNS to get a domain name. */ error = getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen, host, sizeof host, NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
if (error) { fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", gai_strerror(error)); } else { /* Print the numeric address. */ printf("%s\n", host); } }
/* Free the linked list. */ freeaddrinfo(res0);
return 0; }</lang>
C#
Implementation takes a host name string as a parameter, and returns the IP addresses in a comma-delimited string. Note that a failed lookup throws a SocketException. <lang csharp>
private string LookupDns(string s)
{
try
{
System.Net.IPHostEntry ip = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(s);
string result = ip.AddressList[0].ToString();
for (int i = 1; i < ip.AddressList.Length; ++i)
result += ", " + ip.AddressList[i].ToString();
return result;
}
catch (System.Net.Sockets.SocketException se)
{
return se.Message;
}
}
</lang>
C++
This example makes use of the Boost library. The asio bit is header-only, but requires linking boost-system (e.g. -lboost_system). The compiler may also need to be told to use C++11 semantics (e.g. -std=c++11). <lang C++>
- include <boost/asio.hpp>
- include <iostream>
int main() {
int rc {EXIT_SUCCESS};
try {
boost::asio::io_service io_service;
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver {io_service};
auto entries = resolver.resolve({"www.kame.net", ""});
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::iterator entries_end;
for (; entries != entries_end; ++entries) {
std::cout << entries->endpoint().address() << std::endl;
}
}
catch (std::exception& e) {
std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
rc = EXIT_FAILURE;
}
return rc;
} </lang>
Caché ObjectScript
<lang cos> Class Utils.Net Extends %RegisteredObject {
ClassMethod QueryDNS(pHost As %String, Output ip As %List) As %Status { // some initialisation K ip S ip=""
// check host operating system and input parameters S OS=$SYSTEM.Version.GetOS() I '$LF($LB("Windows","UNIX"), OS) Q $$$ERROR($$$GeneralError, "Not implemented.") I OS="Windows" S cmd="nslookup "_pHost I OS="UNIX" S cmd="host "_pHost I $MATCH(pHost, "^([a-zA-Z0-9]([a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,6}$")=0 { Q $$$ERROR($$$GeneralError, "Invalid host name.") }
// invoke command S list=##class(Utils.OS).Call(cmd, 0)
// iterate through list S ptr=0, skip=1
WHILE $LISTNEXT(list,ptr,value) {
I value="" CONTINUE I skip, OS="Windows" S skip=$S(value["Name:": 0, 1: 1) CONTINUE S ipv4=..GetIPAddr("ipv4", value) I $L(ipv4) S $LI(ip, 4)=ipv4 S ipv6=..GetIPAddr("ipv6", value) I $L(ipv6) S $LI(ip, 6)=ipv6
}
// finished I $LD(ip, 4)=0, $LD(ip, 6)=0 Q $$$ERROR($$$GeneralError, "Lookup failed.") QUIT $$$OK }
ClassMethod GetIPAddr(pType As %String = "", pValue As %String = "") As %String { I pType="ipv4" { S pos=$LOCATE(pValue, "((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.|$)){4}") I pos Q $P($E(pValue, pos, *), " ") } I pType="ipv6" { S pos=$LOCATE(pValue, "([0-9A-Fa-f]{0,4}:){2,7}([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}$|((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)(\.|$)){4})") I pos Q $P($E(pValue, pos, *), " ") } QUIT "" }
} </lang>
<lang cos> Class Utils.OS Extends %RegisteredObject {
ClassMethod Call(cmd, echo = 1) As %List { // instatiate pipe object S list="" S pipe=##class(%File).%New(cmd)
TRY { // S sc=pipe.Open("QR") I $$$ISERR(sc) Q
// read queue/pipe and output to screen DO { K len S line=pipe.ReadLine(.len) I len=-1 Q S $LI(list,$I(pos))=line I echo W line,! } WHILE $G(pos)<1000
} CATCH { S ZE=$ZE BREAK }
// close pipe D pipe.Close()
// return list value Q list }
} </lang>
- Examples:
USER>Do ##class(Utils.Net).QueryDNS("www.kame.net", .ip)
USER>Write "IPv4 address = ", $ListGet(ip, 4, "Not found")
IPv4 address = 203.178.141.194
USER>Write "IPv6 address = ", $ListGet(ip, 6, "Not found")
IPv6 address = 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
USER>Do ##class(Utils.Net).QueryDNS("ipv6.google.com", .ip)
USER>Write "IPv4 address = ", $ListGet(ip, 4, "Not found")
IPv4 address = Not found
USER>Write "IPv6 address = ", $ListGet(ip, 6, "Not found")
IPv6 address = 2a00:1450:400c:c05::93
Clojure
<lang clojure>(import java.net.InetAddress java.net.Inet4Address java.net.Inet6Address)
(doseq [addr (InetAddress/getAllByName "www.kame.net")]
(cond (instance? Inet4Address addr) (println "IPv4:" (.getHostAddress addr)) (instance? Inet6Address addr) (println "IPv6:" (.getHostAddress addr))))</lang>
Output:
IPv4: 203.178.141.194 IPv6: 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
CoffeeScript
<lang coffeescript>
- runs under node.js
dns = require 'dns'
dns.resolve4 'www.kame.net', (err, addresses) ->
console.log 'IP4' console.log addresses
dns.resolve6 'www.kame.net', (err, addresses) ->
console.log 'IP6' console.log addresses
</lang>
Common Lisp
common lisp does not have a standard network api. the following examples are using native implementations
<lang lisp>(sb-bsd-sockets:host-ent-addresses
(sb-bsd-sockets:get-host-by-name "www.rosettacode.org"))
(#(71 19 147 227))</lang>
<lang lisp>(let ((hostname (extensions:lookup-host-entry "www.rosettacode.org")))
(print (map 'list #'extensions:ip-string (host-entry-addr-list hostname))))
("71.19.147.227")</lang>
<lang lisp>(ipaddr-to-dotted (lookup-hostname "www.rosettacode.org")) "104.28.10.103"</lang>
<lang lisp>(hostent-addr-list (resolve-host-ipaddr "www.rosettacode.org")) ("104.28.11.103" "104.28.10.103")</lang> the usocket library contains a (get-hosts-by-name) function in all of its backends. unfortunately it does not expose the functions in its public interface. but since the license is MIT, it may be a suitable source to copy code for your own use.
is a portable library that:
<lang lisp>(iolib:lookup-hostname "www.kame.net" :ipv6 t)
- /IOLIB.SOCKETS:IP/203.178.141.194
(#/IOLIB.SOCKETS:IP/2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7) "orange.kame.net" (("orange.kame.net" . #/IOLIB.SOCKETS:IP/203.178.141.194)
("orange.kame.net" . #/IOLIB.SOCKETS:IP/2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7))</lang>
In Allegro Common Lisp there's a nice standard library called socket.
<lang lisp>(socket:ipaddr-to-dotted
(socket:dns-query "www.rosettacode.org"))
"104.28.10.103"</lang>
In Lispworks the COMM package provides information about IP addresses.
<lang lisp>(require "comm") (comm:ip-address-string (comm:get-host-entry "www.rosettacode.org" :fields '(:address))) "104.28.10.103" </lang>
Crystal
<lang ruby>require "socket"
Socket::Addrinfo.resolve( "www.kame.net", 80, type: Socket::Type::STREAM ).each { |a| puts a.ip_address.address }</lang>
- Output:
203.178.141.194 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
D
<lang d>import std.stdio, std.socket;
void main() {
auto domain = "www.kame.net", port = "80";
auto a = getAddressInfo(domain, port, AddressFamily.INET);
writefln("IPv4 address for %s: %s", domain, a[0].address);
a = getAddressInfo(domain, port, AddressFamily.INET6);
writefln("IPv6 address for %s: %s", domain, a[0].address);
}</lang>
IPv4 address for www.kame.net: 203.178.141.194:80 IPv6 address for www.kame.net: [2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7]:80
Delphi
The included Indy components wrap GetAddressInfo.
<lang Delphi>program DNSQuerying;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
IdGlobal, IdStackWindows;
const
DOMAIN_NAME = 'www.kame.net';
var
lStack: TIdStackWindows;
begin
lStack := TIdStackWindows.Create;
try
Writeln(DOMAIN_NAME);
Writeln('IPv4: ' + lStack.ResolveHost(DOMAIN_NAME));
Writeln('IPv6: ' + lStack.ResolveHost(DOMAIN_NAME, Id_IPv6));
finally
lStack.Free;
end;
end.</lang>
Output:
www.kame.net IPv4: 203.178.141.194 IPv6: 2001:200:DFF:FFF1:216:3EFF:FEB1:44D7
Erlang
<lang Erlang> 33> {ok, {hostent, Host, Aliases, AddrType, Bytes, AddrList}} = inet:gethostbyname("www.kame.net", inet). {ok,{hostent,"orange.kame.net",
["www.kame.net"],
inet,4,
[{203,178,141,194}]}}
34> [inet_parse:ntoa(Addr) || Addr <- AddrList]. ["203.178.141.194"] 35> f(). ok 36> {ok, {hostent, Host, Aliases, AddrType, Bytes, AddrList}} = inet:gethostbyname("www.kame.net", inet6). {ok,{hostent,"orange.kame.net",[],inet6,16,
[{8193,512,3583,65521,534,16127,65201,17623}]}}
37> [inet_parse:ntoa(Addr) || Addr <- AddrList]. ["2001:200:DFF:FFF1:216:3EFF:FEB1:44D7"] </lang>
Factor
<lang factor>USING: dns io kernel sequences ;
"www.kame.net" [ dns-A-query ] [ dns-AAAA-query ] bi [ message>names second print ] bi@</lang>
- Output:
203.178.141.194 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Go
<lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "net"
)
func main() {
if addrs, err := net.LookupHost("www.kame.net"); err == nil {
fmt.Println(addrs)
} else {
fmt.Println(err)
}
}</lang> Output:
[203.178.141.194 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7]
Groovy
<lang groovy>def addresses = InetAddress.getAllByName('www.kame.net') println "IPv4: ${addresses.find { it instanceof Inet4Address }?.hostAddress}" println "IPv6: ${addresses.find { it instanceof Inet6Address }?.hostAddress}"</lang> Output:
IPv4: 203.178.141.194 IPv6: 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Haskell
<lang haskell>module Main where
import Network.Socket
getWebAddresses :: HostName -> IO [SockAddr] getWebAddresses host = do
results <- getAddrInfo (Just defaultHints) (Just host) (Just "http") return [ addrAddress a | a <- results, addrSocketType a == Stream ]
showIPs :: HostName -> IO () showIPs host = do
putStrLn $ "IP addresses for " ++ host ++ ":"
addresses <- getWebAddresses host
mapM_ (putStrLn . (" "++) . show) addresses
main = showIPs "www.kame.net" </lang> Output:
IP addresses for www.kame.net: 203.178.141.194:80 [2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7]:80
Icon and Unicon
The following was tested only in Unicon:
<lang unicon> procedure main(A)
host := gethost( A[1] | "www.kame.net") | stop("can't translate")
write(host.name, ": ", host.addresses)
end </lang>
Sample Run:
--> dns orange.kame.net: 203.178.141.194 --> dns www.gogole.com www.gogole.com: 74.125.225.183,119.119.119.46,74.125.225.184
J
J currently doesn't have a native DNS implementation, and this task doesn't seem to be asking for us to implement DNS on top of UDP+TCP (a full implementation of DNS has to fall back to TCP for messages which cannot fit in a UDP packet).
Also, there's currently an issue with IPv6 DNS servers not being reachable, so that query did not resolve.
Anyways:
<lang J> 2!:0'dig -4 +short www.kame.net' orange.kame.net. 203.178.141.194
2!:0'dig -6 +short www.kame.net'
|interface error | 2!:0'dig -6 +short www.kame.net'</lang>
Put differently: in the IPv4 DNS system, www.kame.net is currently a CNAME record for orange.kame.net which had the address 203.178.141.194.
And, as mentioned above, the IPv6 DNS system was not reachable.
Java
<lang java>import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.Inet4Address; import java.net.Inet6Address; import java.net.UnknownHostException;
class DnsQuery {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
InetAddress[] ipAddr = InetAddress.getAllByName("www.kame.net");
for(int i=0; i < ipAddr.length ; i++) {
if (ipAddr[i] instanceof Inet4Address) {
System.out.println("IPv4 : " + ipAddr[i].getHostAddress());
} else if (ipAddr[i] instanceof Inet6Address) {
System.out.println("IPv6 : " + ipAddr[i].getHostAddress());
}
}
} catch (UnknownHostException uhe) {
System.err.println("unknown host");
}
}
} </lang> Output:
IPv4 : 203.178.141.194 IPv6 : 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
JavaScript
<lang JavaScript>const dns = require("dns");
dns.lookup("www.kame.net", {
all: true
}, (err, addresses) => {
if(err) return console.error(err);
console.log(addresses);
})
</lang> Output:
[ { address: '203.178.141.194', family: 4 },
{ address: '2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7', family: 6 } ]
Julia
As entered at the REPL command line: <lang julia> julia> using Sockets
julia> getaddrinfo("www.kame.net") ip"203.178.141.194"
julia> getaddrinfo("www.kame.net", IPv6) ip"2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7"
</lang>
Kotlin
<lang scala>// version 1.1.3
import java.net.InetAddress import java.net.Inet4Address import java.net.Inet6Address
fun showIPAddresses(host: String) {
try {
val ipas = InetAddress.getAllByName(host)
println("The IP address(es) for '$host' is/are:\n")
for (ipa in ipas) {
print(when (ipa) {
is Inet4Address -> " ipv4 : "
is Inet6Address -> " ipv6 : "
else -> " ipv? : "
})
println(ipa.hostAddress)
}
}
catch (ex: Exception) {
println(ex.message)
}
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
showIPAddresses("www.kame.net")
}</lang>
- Output:
The IP address(es) for 'www.kame.net' is/are: ipv4 : 203.178.141.194 ipv6 : 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Lasso
The DNS lookup methods in Lasso do not support IPv6 addresses at this time, only IPv4. <lang Lasso>dns_lookup('www.kame.net', -type='A')</lang>
Lua
<lang lua>local socket = require('socket') local ip_tbl = socket.dns.getaddrinfo('www.kame.net')
for _, v in ipairs(ip_tbl) do
io.write(string.format('%s: %s\n', v.family, v.addr))
end </lang>
- Output:
inet: 203.178.141.194 inet6: 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Neko
Neko does not yet support ipv6. ipv4 addresses are returned as Int32.
<lang ActionScript>/* dns in neko */ var host_resolve = $loader.loadprim("std@host_resolve", 1); var host_to_string = $loader.loadprim("std@host_to_string", 1); var host_reverse = $loader.loadprim("std@host_reverse", 1);
var ip = host_resolve("www.kame.net");
$print("www.kame.net: ", ip, ", ", host_to_string(ip), "\n"); $print(host_to_string(ip), ": ", host_reverse(ip), "\n");</lang>
- Output:
prompt$ nekoc dns.neko prompt$ neko dns www.kame.net: -1030901045, 203.178.141.194 203.178.141.194: orange.kame.net
NetRexx
<lang netrexx> /* NetRexx */ options replace format comments java crossref symbols nobinary
ir = InetAddress addresses = InetAddress[] InetAddress.getAllByName('www.kame.net') loop ir over addresses
if ir <= Inet4Address then do say 'IPv4 :' ir.getHostAddress end if ir <= Inet6Address then do say 'IPv6 :' ir.getHostAddress end end ir
</lang>
- Output
IPv4 : 203.178.141.194 IPv6 : 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
NewLISP
<lang newLISP>
(define (dnsLookup site , ipv)
;; captures current IPv mode (set 'ipv (net-ipv)) ;; IPv mode agnostic lookup (println "IPv4: " (begin (net-ipv 4) (net-lookup site))) (println "IPv6: " (begin (net-ipv 6) (net-lookup site))) ;; returns newLISP to previous IPv mode (net-ipv ipv)
)
(dnsLookup "www.kame.net") </lang>
- Output
IPv4: 203.178.141.194 IPv6: 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Nim
<lang nim>import nativesockets
iterator items(ai: ptr AddrInfo): ptr AddrInfo =
var current = ai while current != nil: yield current current = current.aiNext
proc main() =
let addrInfos = getAddrInfo("www.kame.net", Port 80, AfUnspec)
defer: freeAddrInfo addrInfos
for i in addrInfos: echo getAddrString i.aiAddr
when isMainModule: main()</lang>
- Output:
2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7 203.178.141.194
Oberon-2
IO:Address module supports only IPv4 <lang oberon2> MODULE DNSQuery; IMPORT
IO:Address, Out := NPCT:Console;
PROCEDURE Do() RAISES Address.UnknownHostException; VAR
ip: Address.Inet;
BEGIN
ip := Address.GetByName("www.kame.net");
Out.String(ip.ToString());Out.Ln
END Do;
BEGIN
Do;
END DNSQuery. </lang>
- Output:
203.178.141.194
Objeck
<lang objeck>use System.IO.Net;
class Rosetta {
function : Main(args : String[]) ~ Nil {
resoloved := TCPSocket->Resolve("www.kame.net");
each(i : resoloved) {
resoloved[i]->PrintLine();
};
}
}</lang>
Output:
203.178.141.194
OCaml
<lang ocaml>let dns_query ~host ~ai_family =
let opts = [ Unix.AI_FAMILY ai_family; Unix.AI_SOCKTYPE Unix.SOCK_DGRAM; ] in let addr_infos = Unix.getaddrinfo host "" opts in match addr_infos with | [] -> failwith "dns_query" | ai :: _ -> match ai.Unix.ai_addr with | Unix.ADDR_INET (addr, _) -> (Unix.string_of_inet_addr addr) | Unix.ADDR_UNIX addr -> failwith "addr_unix"
let () =
let host = "www.kame.net" in Printf.printf "primary addresses of %s are:\n" host;
Printf.printf " IPv4 address: %s\n" (dns_query host Unix.PF_INET); Printf.printf " IPv6 address: %s\n" (dns_query host Unix.PF_INET6);
- </lang>
Perl
Unfortunately IPv6 was only added to Perl 5.14, a relatively new version. <lang perl>require 5.014; # Older versions can't resolve IPv6 with just core Socket module
use Socket qw(getaddrinfo getnameinfo); my ($err, @res) = getaddrinfo("www.kame.net", 0,
{ protocol=>Socket::IPPROTO_TCP } );
die "getaddrinfo error: $err" if $err;
print getnameinfo($_->{addr}, Socket::NI_NUMERICHOST), "\n" for @res </lang>
Phix
Translated from C/MSDN/several man pages.
NB: may warrant further testing, see output.
<lang Phix>include builtins\cffi.e
constant AF_UNSPEC = 0, -- AF_INET = 2, -- AF_INET6 = 23, -- SOCK_STREAM = 1,
SOCK_DGRAM = 2,
-- IPPROTO_TCP = 6,
NI_MAXHOST = 1025,
NI_NUMERICHOST = iff(platform()=LINUX?1:2)
constant tWAD = """ typedef struct WSAData {
WORD wVersion; WORD wHighVersion; char szDescription[257]; char szSystemStatus[129]; unsigned short iMaxSockets; unsigned short iMaxUdpDg; char *lpVendorInfo;
} WSADATA, *LPWSADATA; """, tWAS = """ int WSAStartup(
_In_ WORD wVersionRequested, _Out_ LPWSADATA lpWSAData
); """, tWAC = """ int WSACleanup(void); """, tAI_W=""" typedef struct addrinfo {
int ai_flags; int ai_family; int ai_socktype; int ai_protocol; size_t ai_addrlen; char *ai_canonname; struct sockaddr *ai_addr; struct addrinfo *ai_next;
} ADDRINFOA, *PADDRINFOA; """, tAI_L=""" typedef struct addrinfo {
int ai_flags; int ai_family; int ai_socktype; int ai_protocol; int ai_addrlen; struct sockaddr *ai_addr; char *ai_canonname; struct addrinfo *ai_next;
}; """, tGAI = """ int getaddrinfo(
_In_opt_ PCSTR pNodeName, _In_opt_ PCSTR pServiceName, _In_opt_ const ADDRINFOA *pHints, _Out_ PADDRINFOA *ppResult
); """, --int getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service, -- const struct addrinfo *hints, -- struct addrinfo **res); tGNI = """ int getnameinfo(
_In_ sockaddr *sa, _In_ int salen, _Out_ char *host, _In_ DWORD hostlen, _Out_ char *serv, _In_ DWORD servlen, _In_ int flags
); """, --int getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen, -- char *host, socklen_t hostlen, -- char *serv, socklen_t servlen, int flags); tFAI = """ void freeaddrinfo(
_In_ struct addrinfo *ai
); """ --void freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res);
integer xgetaddrinfo = NULL, xgetnameinfo, xfreeaddrinfo, idAI,
xwsastartup, xwsacleanup, error
function get_name_info(string fqdn)
if xgetaddrinfo=NULL then
atom lib
if platform()=WINDOWS then
integer idWAD = define_struct(tWAD)
atom pWAD = allocate_struct(idWAD,cleanup:=true)
lib = open_dll("Ws2_32.dll")
xwsastartup = define_cffi_func(lib,tWAS)
xwsacleanup = define_cffi_func(lib,tWAC)
error = c_func(xwsastartup,{#00020002,pWAD})
if error then ?9/0 end if
idAI = define_struct(tAI_W)
elsif platform()=LINUX then
lib = open_dll("libc.so.6")
idAI = define_struct(tAI_L)
end if
xgetaddrinfo = define_cffi_func(lib,tGAI)
xgetnameinfo = define_cffi_func(lib,tGNI)
xfreeaddrinfo = define_cffi_proc(lib,tFAI)
end if
atom hints = allocate_struct(idAI,cleanup:=true),
res = allocate(machine_word(),cleanup:=true),
host = allocate(NI_MAXHOST,cleanup:=true)
set_struct_field(idAI,hints,"ai_family",AF_UNSPEC)
-- set_struct_field(idAI,hints,"ai_socktype",SOCK_STREAM)
set_struct_field(idAI,hints,"ai_socktype",SOCK_DGRAM)
error = c_func(xgetaddrinfo,{fqdn,NULL,hints,res})
if error then ?9/0 end if
res = peekNS(res,machine_word(),false)
atom ptr = res
sequence results = {}
while ptr!=NULL do
atom addr = get_struct_field(idAI,ptr,"ai_addr")
integer len = get_struct_field(idAI,ptr,"ai_addrlen")
error = c_func(xgetnameinfo,{addr, len, host, NI_MAXHOST, NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST})
if error then ?9/0 end if
results = append(results,peek_string(host))
ptr = get_struct_field(idAI,ptr,"ai_next")
end while
c_proc(xfreeaddrinfo,{res})
return results
end function
procedure WSACleanup()
if platform()=WINDOWS then
error = c_func(xwsacleanup,{})
if error then crash("WSACleanup failed: %d\n",{error}) end if
end if
end procedure
?get_name_info("www.kame.net") WSACleanup()</lang>
- Output:
Note that windows nslookup shows an IPv6 that this does not, whereas the exact reverse is true for linux on a VirtualBox (same machine)...
Windows:
>nslookup www.kame.net
Addresses: 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
203.178.141.194
>p test
{"203.178.141.194"}
Linux:
$ nslookup www.kame.net
Address: 203.178.141.194
$ ./p test
{"203.178.141.194","2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7"}
PHP
Works for PHP5 (Windows > 5.3.0) <lang php><?php
$ipv4_record = dns_get_record("www.kame.net",DNS_A);
$ipv6_record = dns_get_record("www.kame.net",DNS_AAAA);
print "ipv4: " . $ipv4_record[0]["ip"] . "\n";
print "ipv6: " . $ipv6_record[0]["ipv6"] . "\n";
?></lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(make
(in '(host "www.kame.net")
(while (from "address ")
(link (till "^J" T)) ) ) )</lang>
Output:
-> ("203.178.141.194" "2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7")
Pike
<lang Pike> > array ips = Protocols.DNS.gethostbyname("www.kame.net")[1] || ({}); > write(ips*"\n"); </lang> Output:
203.178.141.194 2001:0200:0DFF:FFF1:0216:3EFF:FEB1:44D7
PowerShell
<lang powershell>$DNS = Resolve-DnsName -Name www.kame.net Write-Host "IPv4:" $DNS.IP4Address "`nIPv6:" $DNS.IP6Address</lang>
Python
<lang python>>>> import socket >>> ips = set(i[4][0] for i in socket.getaddrinfo('www.kame.net', 80)) >>> for ip in ips: print ip ... 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7 203.178.141.194</lang>
R
R has no built-in function to accomplish the task, but with the help of the Rcpp package, it's possible to implement this functionality.
If the following is saved as dns.cpp:
<lang cpp>
- include <Rcpp.h>
- include <arpa/inet.h>
- include <sys/types.h>
- include <sys/socket.h>
- include <netdb.h>
- include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
- include <string.h>
using namespace Rcpp ;
// export CharacterVector getNameInfo(std::string fqdn) {
struct addrinfo hints, *res, *res0;
int error; char host[NI_MAXHOST];
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
hints.ai_family = PF_UNSPEC; hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
error = getaddrinfo(fqdn.c_str(), NULL, &hints, &res0); if (error) { return(NA_STRING); }
int i = 0 ;
for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) {
error = getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
host, sizeof host, NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST); if (!error) { i++ ; } }
CharacterVector results(i) ;
i = 0;
for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) {
error = getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen, host, sizeof host, NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST); if (!error) { results[i++] = host ; } }
freeaddrinfo(res0);
return(results) ;
} </lang>
It can be used to perform the task in R:
<lang R> library(Rcpp) sourceCpp("dns.cpp") getNameInfo("www.kame.net")
- [1] "203.178.141.194"
- [2] "2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7"
</lang>
Racket
The following finds an IPv4 address. Currently, the API does not support returning an IPv6 address.
<lang racket>
- lang racket
(require net/dns) (dns-get-address "8.8.8.8" "www.kame.net") </lang>
Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
<lang perl6>use Net::DNS;
my $resolver = Net::DNS.new('8.8.8.8');
my $ip4 = $resolver.lookup('A', 'orange.kame.net'); my $ip6 = $resolver.lookup('AAAA', 'orange.kame.net');
say $ip4[0].octets.join: '.'; say $ip6[0].octets.».fmt("%.2X").join.comb(4).join: ':';</lang>
- Output:
203.178.141.194 2001:0200:0dff:fff1:0216:3eff:feb1:44d7
REXX
This REXX version uses the Windows (DOS) PING command to resolve the domain name.
Execution note: if the information for PING -6 ··· is blank, you may need to install (on some
Microsoft Windows systems) the IPV6 interface using the command: IPV6 install
<lang rexx>/*REXX program displays IPV4 and IPV6 addresses for a supplied domain name.*/
parse arg tar . /*obtain optional domain name from C.L.*/
if tar== then tar= 'www.kame.net' /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
tFID = '\TEMP\DNSQUERY.$$$' /*define temp file to store IPV4 output*/
pingOpts= '-l 0 -n 1 -w 0' tar /*define options for the PING command. */
trace off /*don't show PING none─zero return code*/
/* [↓] perform 2 versions of PING cmd.*/
do j=4 to 6 by 2 /*handle IPV4 and IPV6 addresses. */
'PING' (-j) pingOpts ">" tFID /*restrict PING's output to a minimum. */
q=charin(tFID, 1, 999) /*read the output file from PING cmd.*/
parse var q '[' ipaddr "]" /*parse IP address from the output. */
say 'IPV'j "for domain name " tar ' is ' ipaddr /*IPVx address.*/
call lineout tFID /* ◄──┬─◄ needed by some REXXes to */
end /*j*/ /* └─◄ force (TEMP) file integrity.*/
/*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
'ERASE' tFID /*clean up (delete) the temporary file.*/</lang> output using the default input:
IPV4 for domain name www.kame.net is 203.178.141.194 IPV6 for domain name www.kame.net is 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Ruby
<lang ruby>irb(main):001:0> require 'socket' => true irb(main):002:0> Addrinfo.getaddrinfo("www.kame.net", nil, nil, :DGRAM) \ irb(main):003:0* .map! { |ai| ai.ip_address } => ["203.178.141.194", "2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7"]</lang>
Rust
<lang rust>use std::net::ToSocketAddrs;
fn main() {
let host = "www.kame.net"; // Ideally, we would want to use std::net::lookup_host to resolve the host ips, // but at time of writing this, it is still unstable. Fortunately, we can // still resolve using the ToSocketAddrs trait, but we need to add a port, // so we use the dummy port 0. let host_port = (host, 0); let ip_iter = host_port.to_socket_addrs().unwrap();
for ip_port in ip_iter {
println!("{}", ip_port.ip());
}
}</lang>
Output:
203.178.141.194 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Scala
<lang Scala>import java.net._
InetAddress.getAllByName("www.kame.net").foreach(x => println(x.getHostAddress))</lang>
Scheme
<lang scheme>; Query DNS (define n (car (hostent:addr-list (gethost "www.kame.net"))))
- Display address as IPv4 and IPv6
(display (inet-ntoa n))(newline) (display (inet-ntop AF_INET n))(newline) (display (inet-ntop AF_INET6 n))(newline)</lang>
Output:
203.178.141.194 203.178.141.194 ::203.178.141.194
Seed7
The library socket.s7i defines the function inetSocketAddress, which returns an IPv4 address. It only returns an IPv6 address, when a host has no IPv4 address and the operating system supports IPv6. The function numericAddress is used to get the IP address of the specified host. <lang seed7>$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "socket.s7i";
const proc: main is func
begin
writeln(numericAddress(inetSocketAddress("www.kame.net", 1024)));
end func;</lang>
Output:
203.178.141.194
Sidef
<lang ruby>var (err, *res) = Socket.getaddrinfo(
'www.kame.net', 0,
Hash.new(protocol => Socket.IPPROTO_TCP)
); err && die err; res.each { |z|
say [Socket.getnameinfo(z{:addr}, Socket.NI_NUMERICHOST)][1];
}</lang>
- Output:
203.178.141.194 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
Tcl
While Tcl does internally do address resolution, it doesn't directly support looking up addresses without actually connecting to them. This is left to support packages to provide. An additional complexity is that while the DNS protocol itself is defined to work with both TCP and UDP as the transport layer, Tcl only supports TCP sockets by default (because they have a stream model) whereas DNS is typically only deployed with UDP enabled.
<lang tcl>package require udp; # Query by UDP more widely supported, but requires external package package require dns
set host "www.kame.net" set v4 [dns::resolve $host -type A]; # Specifically get IPv4 address set v6 [dns::resolve $host -type AAAA]; # Specifically get IPv6 address while {[dns::status $v4] eq "connect" || [dns::status $v6] eq "connect"} {
update; # Let queries complete
} puts "primary addresses of $host are:\n\tIPv4» [dns::address $v4]\n\tIPv6» [dns::address $v6]"</lang> Output:
primary addresses of www.kame.net are: IPv4» 203.178.141.194 IPv6» 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
VBScript
<lang vb> Function dns_query(url,ver) Set r = New RegExp r.Pattern = "Pinging.+?\[(.+?)\].+" Set objshell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell") Set objexec = objshell.Exec("%comspec% /c " & "ping -" & ver & " " & url) WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "URL: " & url Do Until objexec.StdOut.AtEndOfStream line = objexec.StdOut.ReadLine If r.Test(line) Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "IP Version " &_ ver & ": " & r.Replace(line,"$1") End If Loop End Function
Call dns_query(WScript.Arguments(0),WScript.Arguments(1)) </lang>
- Output:
F:\>cscript /nologo dns_query.vbs www.kame.net 4 URL: www.kame.net IP Version 4: 203.178.141.194 F:\>cscript /nologo dns_query.vbs www.kame.net 6 URL: www.kame.net IP Version 6: 2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7
zkl
The addrInfo method is just a front end to POSIX getaddrinfo. <lang zkl>zkl: Network.TCPClientSocket.addrInfo("www.kame.net") L("orange.kame.net",L("203.178.141.194","2001:200:dff:fff1:216:3eff:feb1:44d7"))</lang>
- Programming Tasks
- Networking and Web Interaction
- Ada
- ARM Assembly
- AutoHotkey
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- BBC BASIC
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- PicoLisp
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- Seed7
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- Tcllib
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- Internet Protocol (Multiprotocol)