Conjugate a Latin verb
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |
Comparison |
Matching
Memory Operations
Pointers & references |
Addresses
- Task
- Given the input: "amare", output the following, each on its own line:
amo amas amat amamus amatis amant
- See also
ALGOL 68
<lang algol68>BEGIN # print some Latin verb conjugations #
# prints the cojugations of lv or an error message if we don't know how to conjugate lv #
PROC print conjugations = ( STRING lv )VOID:
IF INT length = ( UPB lv + 1 ) - LWB lv;
length < 4
THEN
print( ( """", lv, """ is too short to conjugate", newline ) )
ELIF lv[ UPB lv - 2 : ] /= "are"
THEN
print( ( "Don't know how to conjugate """, lv, """", newline ) )
ELSE
[]STRING suffix = ( "o", "as", "at", "amus", "atis", "ant" );
STRING prefix = lv[ : UPB lv - 2 ];
print( ( "Conjugations of """, lv, """:", newline ) );
FOR i FROM LWB suffix TO UPB suffix DO
print( ( " ", prefix, suffix[ i ], newline ) )
OD
FI # print confugations # ;
print conjugations( "amare" );
print conjugations( "veni" );
print conjugations( "dare" );
print conjugations( "are" )
END</lang>
- Output:
Conjugations of "amare":
amao
amaas
amaat
amaamus
amaatis
amaant
Don't know how to conjugate "veni"
Conjugations of "dare":
dao
daas
daat
daamus
daatis
daant
"are" is too short to conjugate
REXX
Checks were also made to ensure the Latin verb has only Latin letters (upper and/or lower case). <lang rexx>/*REXX pgm conjugates (to the terminal) a Latin verb when given a first conjugation verb*/ parse arg verbs if verbs= | verbs="," then verbs= 'amare dare' suffix= 'o as at amus atis ant' /*a list of six Latin verb suffixes. */
- = words(verbs) /*obtain the # of Latin verbs specified*/
do j=1 for #; say /*process each " " " */
$= word(verbs, j); $$= $; upper $$ /*obtain one of the " " " */
if \datatype($, 'M') then call ser "the following isn't a Latin verb: " $
L= length($) /*obtain the length of a Latin verb. */
if L<4 then call ser 'length of Latin verb is too short: ' $
if right($$, 3)\=='ARE' then call ser "the following isn't a Latin verb: " $
stem= left($, length($) - 3) /*obtain the stem of the Latin verb. */
say center(' present indicative tense of "'$'"', 50, "─")
do k=1 for words(suffix) /*display each of the verb suffixes. */
say left(,21) stem || word(suffix, k) /*display a Latin verb stem with auffix*/
end /*k*/
say
end /*j*/
exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ ser: say; say '***error*** ' arg(1); say; exit 13</lang>
- output when using the default inputs:
─────── present indicative tense of "amare"───────
amo
amas
amat
amamus
amatis
amant
─────── present indicative tense of "dare"────────
do
das
dat
damus
datis
dant
Wren
<lang ecmascript>var conjugate = Fn.new { |infinitive|
if (!infinitive.endsWith("are")) Fiber.abort("Not a first conjugation verb.")
var stem = infinitive[0..-4]
System.print("Present indicative tense of '%(infinitive)':")
for (ending in ["o", "as", "at", "amus", "atis", "ant"]) {
System.print(" " + stem + ending)
}
System.print()
}
for (infinitive in ["amare", "dare"]) conjugate.call(infinitive)</lang>
- Output:
Present indicative tense of 'amare': amo amas amat amamus amatis amant Present indicative tense of 'dare': do das dat damus datis dant
The following extended version can deal with regular verbs of all four conjugations. To distinguish 2nd and 3rd conjugations, an over-bar is placed above the penultimate 'e' in a second conjugation infinitive but accents are otherwise ignored.
<lang ecmascript>var endings = [
[ "o", "as", "at", "amus", "atis", "ant"], ["eo", "es", "et", "emus", "etis", "ent"], [ "o", "is", "it", "imus", "itis", "unt"], ["io", "is", "it", "imus", "itis", "iunt"]
]
var infinEndings = ["are", "ēre", "ere", "ire"]
var conjugate = Fn.new { |infinitive|
var letters = infinitive.toList
var infinEnding = letters[-3..-1].join()
var conj = infinEndings.indexOf(infinEnding)
if (conj == -1) Fiber.abort("Infinitive ending -%(infinEnding) not recognized.")
var stem = letters[0..-4].join()
System.print("Present indicative tense, active voice, of '%(infinitive)':")
for (ending in endings[conj]) System.print(" " + stem + ending)
System.print()
}
for (infinitive in ["amare", "vidēre", "ducere", "audire"]) conjugate.call(infinitive)</lang>
- Output:
Present indicative tense, active voice, of 'amare': amo amas amat amamus amatis amant Present indicative tense, active voice, of 'vidēre': video vides videt videmus videtis vident Present indicative tense, active voice, of 'ducere': duco ducis ducit ducimus ducitis ducunt Present indicative tense, active voice, of 'audire': audio audis audit audimus auditis audiunt