Align columns
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Use the following text to test your programs:
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
Note that:
- The example input texts lines may, or may not, have trailing dollar characters.
- All columns should share the same alignment.
- Consecutive space characters produced adjacent to the end of lines are insignificant for the purposes of the task.
- Output text will be viewed in a mono-spaced font.
ABAP
<lang ABAP>report z_align no standard page header. start-of-selection.
data: lt_strings type standard table of string,
lv_strings type string.
append: 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$' to lt_strings,
'are$delineated$by$a$single$dollar$character,$write$a$program' to lt_strings,
'that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$' to lt_strings,
'column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.' to lt_strings,
'Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$' to lt_strings,
'justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.' to lt_strings.
types ty_strings type standard table of string.
perform align_col using 'LEFT' lt_strings. skip. perform align_col using 'RIGHT' lt_strings. skip. perform align_col using 'CENTER' lt_strings.
form align_col using iv_just type string iv_strings type ty_strings.
constants: c_del value '$'.
data: lv_string type string,
lt_strings type table of string,
lt_tables like table of lt_strings,
lv_first type string,
lv_second type string,
lv_longest type i value 0,
lv_off type i value 0,
lv_len type i.
" Loop through the supplied text. It is expected at the input is a table of strings, with each
" entry in the table representing a new line of the input.
loop at iv_strings into lv_string.
" Split the current line at the delimiter.
split lv_string at c_del into lv_first lv_second.
" Loop through the line splitting at every delimiter.
do.
append lv_first to lt_strings.
lv_len = strlen( lv_first ).
" Check if the length of the new string is greater than the currently stored length.
if lv_len > lv_longest.
lv_longest = lv_len.
endif.
if lv_second na c_del.
" Check if the string is longer than the recorded maximum.
lv_len = strlen( lv_second ).
if lv_len > lv_longest.
lv_longest = lv_len.
endif.
append lv_second to lt_strings.
exit.
endif.
split lv_second at c_del into lv_first lv_second.
enddo.
append lt_strings to lt_tables. clear lt_strings. endloop.
" Loop through each line of input.
loop at lt_tables into lt_strings.
" Loop through each word in the line (Separated by specified delimiter).
loop at lt_strings into lv_string.
lv_off = ( sy-tabix - 1 ) * ( lv_longest + 2 ).
case iv_just.
when 'LEFT'.
write : at (lv_longest) lv_string left-justified.
when 'RIGHT'.
write at (lv_longest) lv_string right-justified.
when 'CENTER'.
write at (lv_longest) lv_string centered.
endcase.
endloop.
skip.
sy-linno = sy-linno - 1.
endloop.
endform.</lang>
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Ada
<lang ada>with Ada.Characters.Latin_1; use Ada.Characters.Latin_1; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with Strings_Edit; use Strings_Edit;
procedure Column_Aligner is
Text : constant String :=
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" & NUL &
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" & NUL &
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" & NUL &
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." & NUL &
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" & NUL &
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." & NUL;
File : File_Type;
Width : array (1..1_000) of Natural := (others => 0);
Line : String (1..200);
Column : Positive := 1;
Start : Positive := 1;
Pointer : Positive;
begin
Create (File, Out_File, "columned.txt");
-- Determining the widths of columns
for I in Text'Range loop
case Text (I) is
when '$' | NUL =>
Width (Column) := Natural'Max (Width (Column), I - Start + 1);
Start := I + 1;
if Text (I) = NUL then
Column := 1;
else
Column := Column + 1;
end if;
when others =>
null;
end case;
end loop;
-- Formatting
for Align in Alignment loop
Column := 1;
Start := 1;
Pointer := 1;
for I in Text'Range loop
case Text (I) is
when '$' | NUL =>
Put -- Formatted output of a word
( Destination => Line,
Pointer => Pointer,
Value => Text (Start..I - 1),
Field => Width (Column),
Justify => Align
);
Start := I + 1;
if Text (I) = NUL then
Put_Line (File, Line (1..Pointer - 1));
Pointer := 1;
Column := 1;
else
Column := Column + 1;
end if;
when others =>
null;
end case;
end loop;
end loop;
Close (File);
end Column_Aligner;</lang> Formatted file sample:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
ALGOL 68
<lang algol68>STRING nl = REPR 10; STRING text in list := "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"+nl+
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"+nl+ "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"+nl+ "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."+nl+ "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"+nl+ "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.";
MODE PAGE = FLEX[0,0]STRING; PAGE page;
PROC flex page = (PAGE in page, INT row, col)PAGE:(
HEAP FLEX[row, col]STRING out page; out page[:1 UPB in page, :2 UPB in page] := in page; FOR r TO row DO FOR c FROM 2 UPB in page + 1 TO col DO out page[r,c]:="" OD OD; FOR r FROM 1 UPB in page + 1 TO row DO FOR c FROM 1 TO col DO out page[r,c]:="" OD OD; out page
);
FILE text in file; associate(text in file, text in list); make term(text in file, "$");
on physical file end(text in file, (REF FILE skip)BOOL: stop iteration); on logical file end(text in file, (REF FILE skip)BOOL: stop iteration); FOR row DO
on line end(text in file, (REF FILE skip)BOOL: stop iteration); FOR col DO STRING tok; getf(text in file, ($gx$,tok)); IF row > 1 UPB page THEN page := flex page(page, row, 2 UPB page) FI; IF col > 2 UPB page THEN page := flex page(page, 1 UPB page, col) FI; page[row,col]:=tok OD; stop iteration: SKIP
OD; stop iteration:
SKIP;
BEGIN
PROC aligner = (PAGE in page, PROC (STRING,INT)STRING aligner)VOID:(
PAGE page := in page;
[2 UPB page]INT max width;
FOR col TO 2 UPB page DO
INT max len:=0; FOR row TO UPB page DO IF UPB page[row,col]>max len THEN max len:=UPB page[row,col] FI OD;
FOR row TO UPB page DO page[row,col] := aligner(page[row,col], maxlen) OD
OD;
printf(($n(UPB page)(n(2 UPB page -1)(gx)gl)$,page))
);
PROC left = (STRING in, INT len)STRING: in + " "*(len - UPB in),
right = (STRING in, INT len)STRING: " "*(len - UPB in) + in,
centre = (STRING in, INT len)STRING: ( INT pad=len-UPB in; pad%2*" "+ in + (pad-pad%2)*" " );
[]STRUCT(STRING name, PROC(STRING,INT)STRING align) aligners = (("Left",left), ("Left",right), ("Centre",centre));
FOR index TO UPB aligners DO
print((new line, "# ",name OF aligners[index]," Column-aligned output:",new line));
aligner(page, align OF aligners[index])
OD
END</lang>
AutoHotkey
<lang AutoHotkey>lines = ( |$|$|$|$|$|$|$|$|$|$|$| Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column. )
Clipboard := ColumnJustify(lines, "l")
MsgBox, , Column Justify, The clipboard now contains the justified text. Paste it into a text editor to see it.
ColumnJustify(lines, lcr = "l", del="$") {
Loop, Parse, lines, `n, `r
Loop, Parse, A_LoopField, %del%
{
If ((t := StrLen(A_LoopField)) > c%A_Index% )
c%A_Index% := t
If (t > max)
max := t
}
blank := Fill( " ", max )
If (lcr = "l") ;left-justify
Loop, Parse, lines, `n, `r
Loop, Parse, A_LoopField, %del%
out .= (A_Index = 1 ? "`n" : " ") SubStr(A_LoopField blank, 1, c%A_Index%)
Else If (lcr = "r") ;right-justify
Loop, Parse, lines, `n, `r
Loop, Parse, A_LoopField, %del%
out .= (A_Index = 1 ? "`n" : " ") SubStr(blank A_LoopField, -c%A_Index%+1)
Else If (lcr = "c") ;center-justify
Loop, Parse, lines, `n, `r
Loop, Parse, A_LoopField, %del%
out .= (A_Index = 1 ? "`n" : " ") SubStr(blank A_LoopField blank
, (Ceil((max * 2 + StrLen(A_LoopField))/2) - Ceil(c%A_Index%/2) + 1)
, c%A_Index%)
return SubStr(out, 2)
}
Fill(chr, len) {
static y if !y VarSetCapacity(x, 64), VarSetCapacity(x, 0), y := True return x, VarSetCapacity(x, len, Asc(chr))
}</lang>
AWK
<lang awk>BEGIN {
FS="$" lcounter = 1 maxfield = 0 # justistification; pick up one #justify = "left" justify = "center" #justify = "right"
} {
if ( NF > maxfield ) maxfield = NF;
for(i=1; i <= NF; i++) {
line[lcounter,i] = $i
if ( longest[i] == "" ) longest[i] = 0;
if ( length($i) > longest[i] ) longest[i] = length($i);
}
lcounter++
} END {
just = (justify == "left") ? "-" : ""
for(i=1; i <= NR; i++) {
for(j=1; j <= maxfield; j++) {
if ( justify != "center" ) {
template = "%" just longest[j] "s "
} else {
v = int((longest[j] - length(line[i,j]))/2) rt = "%" v+1 "s%%-%ds" template = sprintf(rt, "", longest[j] - v)
}
printf(template, line[i,j])
}
print ""
}
}</lang>
BBC BASIC
<lang bbcbasic> DATA 6
DATA "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
DATA "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
DATA "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
DATA "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
DATA "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
DATA "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
REM First find the maximum length of a 'word':
max% = 0
READ nlines%
FOR Line% = 1 TO nlines%
READ text$
REPEAT
word$ = FNword(text$, "$")
IF LEN(word$) > max% THEN max% = LEN(word$)
UNTIL word$ = ""
NEXT Line%
@% = max% : REM set column width
REM Now display the aligned text:
RESTORE
READ nlines%
FOR Line% = 1 TO nlines%
READ text$
REPEAT
word$ = FNword(text$, "$")
PRINT FNjustify(word$, max%, "left"),;
UNTIL word$ = ""
PRINT
NEXT Line%
END
DEF FNword(text$, delim$)
PRIVATE delim%
LOCAL previous%
IF delim% = 0 THEN
previous% = 1
ELSE
previous% = delim% + LEN(delim$)
ENDIF
delim% = INSTR(text$+delim$, delim$, previous%)
IF delim% = 0 THEN
= ""
ELSE
= MID$(text$, previous%, delim%-previous%) + " "
ENDIF
DEF FNjustify(word$, field%, mode$)
IF word$ = "" THEN = ""
CASE mode$ OF
WHEN "center": = STRING$((field%-LEN(word$)) DIV 2, " ") + word$
WHEN "right": = STRING$(field%-LEN(word$), " ") + word$
ENDCASE
= word$</lang>
C
See Column Aligner/C
C++
C#
Uses a delegate, which were added to the language in C# 2, to define left-, right-, or center-justified.
<lang csharp>using System; class ColumnAlignerProgram {
delegate string Justification(string s, int width);
static string[] AlignColumns(string[] lines, Justification justification)
{
const char Separator = '$';
// build input table and calculate columns count
string[][] table = new string[lines.Length][];
int columns = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++)
{
string[] row = lines[i].TrimEnd(Separator).Split(Separator);
if (columns < row.Length) columns = row.Length;
table[i] = row;
}
// create formatted table
string[][] formattedTable = new string[table.Length][];
for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++)
{
formattedTable[i] = new string[columns];
}
for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++)
{
// get max column width
int columnWidth = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < table.Length; i++)
{
if (j < table[i].Length && columnWidth < table[i][j].Length)
columnWidth = table[i][j].Length;
}
// justify column cells
for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++)
{
if (j < table[i].Length)
formattedTable[i][j] = justification(table[i][j], columnWidth);
else
formattedTable[i][j] = new String(' ', columnWidth);
}
}
// create result
string[] result = new string[formattedTable.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++)
{
result[i] = String.Join(" ", formattedTable[i]);
}
return result;
}
static string JustifyLeft(string s, int width) { return s.PadRight(width); }
static string JustifyRight(string s, int width) { return s.PadLeft(width); }
static string JustifyCenter(string s, int width)
{
return s.PadLeft((width + s.Length) / 2).PadRight(width);
}
static void Main()
{
string[] input = {
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.",
};
foreach (string line in AlignColumns(input, JustifyCenter))
{
Console.WriteLine(line);
}
}
}</lang>
Output (centered):
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Clojure
<lang Clojure> (ns rosettacode.align-columns
(:require [clojure.contrib.string :as str]))
(def data "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.")
(def table (map #(str/split #"\$" %) (str/split-lines data)))
(defn col-width [n table] (reduce max (map #(try (count (nth % n))
(catch Exception _ 0))
table)))
(defn spaces [n] (str/repeat n " ")) (defn add-padding
"if the string is too big turncate it, else return a string with padding"
[string width justification]
(if (>= (count string) width) (str/take width string)
(let [pad-len (int (- width (count string))) ;we don't want rationals
half-pad-len (int (/ pad-len 2))]
(case justification
:right (str (spaces pad-len) string)
:left (str string (spaces pad-len))
:center (str (spaces half-pad-len) string (spaces (- pad-len half-pad-len)))))))
(defn aligned-table
"get the width of each column, then generate a new table with propper padding for eath item"
([table justification]
(let [col-widths (map #(+ 2 (col-width % table)) (range (count(first table))))]
(map
(fn [row] (map #(add-padding %1 %2 justification) row col-widths))
table))))
(defn print-table
[table]
(do (println)
(print (str/join "" (flatten (interleave table (repeat "\n")))))))
(print-table (aligned-table table :center)) </lang>
Common Lisp
<lang lisp>(defun nonempty (seq)
(position-if (lambda (x) (declare (ignore x)) t) seq))
(defun split (delim seq) "Splits seq on delim into a list of subsequences. Trailing empty subsequences are removed."
(labels
((f (seq &aux (pos (position delim seq)))
(if pos
(cons
(subseq seq 0 pos)
(f (subseq seq (1+ pos))))
(list seq))))
(let*
((list (f seq))
(end (position-if #'nonempty list :from-end t)))
(subseq list 0 (1+ end)))))
(defun lengthen (list minlen filler-elem &aux (len (length list))) "Destructively pads list with filler-elem up to minlen."
(if (< len minlen)
(nconc list (make-list
(- minlen len) :initial-element filler-elem))
list))
(defun align-columns (text &key (align :left) &aux
(fmtmod (case align
(:left "@")
(:right ":")
(:center "@:")
(t (error "Invalid alignment."))))
(fields (mapcar
(lambda (line) (split #\$ line))
(split #\Newline text)))
(mostcols (loop for l in fields maximize (length l)))
widest)
(setf fields (mapcar
(lambda (l) (lengthen l mostcols ""))
fields))
(setf widest (loop
for col below (length (first fields))
collect (loop
for row in fields maximize (length (elt row col)))))
(format nil
(with-output-to-string (s)
(princ "~{~{" s)
(dolist (w widest)
(format s "~~~d~a<~~a~~>" (1+ w) fmtmod))
(princ "~}~%~}" s))
fields))</lang>
D
This example allows selection of right- and left-favoring center alignments, defaulting to left-favoring center alignment. <lang d>import std.stdio; import std.string; char[]text = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n" "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n" "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n" "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n" "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n" "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.";
enum PadType {
LEFT,
RIGHT,
CENTER,
LEFT_CENTER,
RIGHT_CENTER
}
int main() {
char[][]lines = text.split("\n");
char[][][]words;
int[]maxlens;
foreach(line;lines) {
words ~= line.split("$");
// make sure we have enough slots in maxlens
if (words[$-1].length > maxlens.length) {
maxlens.length = words[$-1].length;
}
foreach(i,word;words[$-1]) {
if (word.length > maxlens[i]) maxlens[i] = word.length;
}
}
// output everything with all 3 padding types
foreach(line;words) {
foreach(i,ref word;line) {
writef("%s ",padData(word,maxlens[i],PadType.LEFT));
}
writefln("");
}
foreach(line;words) {
foreach(i,ref word;line) {
writef("%s ",padData(word,maxlens[i],PadType.RIGHT));
}
writefln("");
}
foreach(line;words) {
foreach(i,ref word;line) {
writef("%s ",padData(word,maxlens[i],PadType.CENTER));
}
writefln("");
}
return 0;
}
char[]padData(char[]data,int length,PadType type) {
int diff = length - data.length;
switch(type) {
case PadType.CENTER:
case PadType.LEFT_CENTER:
// the +1 in the second part takes care of odd differences, since this is integer math
// odd differences will result in a slight left-of-center alignment
return repeat(" ",diff/2)~data~repeat(" ",(diff+1)/2);
case PadType.RIGHT_CENTER:
// the +1 in the second part takes care of odd differences, since this is integer math
// odd differences will result in a slight right-of-center alignment
return repeat(" ",(diff+1)/2)~data~repeat(" ",diff/2);
case PadType.RIGHT:
return repeat(" ",diff)~data;
case PadType.LEFT:
return data~repeat(" ",diff);
}
}</lang>
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Another version, using more the Phobos standard library.
<lang d>import std.string, std.stdio, std.algorithm, std.typetuple ;
void alignText(string txt) {
string[][] text ;
uint maxCol = 0 ;
foreach(l;txt.splitlines) {
text ~= chomp(l.split("$"), [""]) ; // chomp work for string[] !!!
maxCol = max(maxCol, text[$-1].length) ;
}
auto colMaxWidth = new uint[](maxCol) ;
foreach(i, ref l;text) {
if(maxCol > l.length)
l ~= repeat(" ", maxCol - l.length - 1).split(" ") ;
foreach(idx,w;l)
colMaxWidth[idx] = max(colMaxWidth[idx], w.length) ;
}
// display justified text
foreach(justify;TypeTuple!(rjustify, center, ljustify)) {
foreach(l;text) {
foreach(idx,word;l)
writef("%s|",justify(word,colMaxWidth[idx])) ;
writeln() ;
}
writeln(" --- --- ") ;
}
}</lang>
Delphi
<lang Delphi> USES
StdCtrls, Classes, SysUtils, StrUtils, Contnrs;
procedure AlignByColumn(Output: TMemo; Align: TAlignment); const
TextToAlign = 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$'#$D#$A + 'are$delineated$by$a$single$dollar$character,$write$a$program'#$D#$A + 'that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$'#$D#$A + 'column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.'#$D#$A + 'Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$'#$D#$A + 'justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.';
var
TextLine, TempTString: TStringlist; TextLines: TObjectList; MaxLength, i, j: Byte; OutPutString, EmptyString, Item: String;
begin
TRY
MaxLength := 0;
TextLines := TObjectList.Create(True);
TextLine := TStringList.Create;
TextLine.text := TextToAlign;
for i:= 0 to TextLine.Count - 1 do
begin
TempTString := TStringlist.create;
TempTString.text :=AnsiReplaceStr(TextLine[i], '$', #$D#$A);
TextLines.Add(TempTString);
end;
for i := 0 to TextLines.Count - 1 do
for j := 0 to TStringList(TextLines.Items[i]).Count - 1 do
If Length(TStringList(TextLines.Items[i])[j]) > MaxLength then
MaxLength := Length(TStringList(TextLines.Items[i])[j]);
If MaxLength > 0 then
MaxLength := MaxLength + 2; // Add to empty spaces to it
for i := 0 to TextLines.Count - 1 do
begin
OutPutString := ;
for j := 0 to TStringList(TextLines.Items[i]).Count - 1 do
begin
EmptyString := StringOfChar(' ', MaxLength);
Item := TStringList(TextLines.Items[i])[j];
case Align of
taLeftJustify: Move(Item[1], EmptyString[2], Length(Item));
taRightJustify: Move(Item[1], EmptyString[MaxLength - Length(Item) + 1], Length(Item));
taCenter: Move(Item[1], EmptyString[(MaxLength - Length(Item) + 1) div 2 + 1], Length(Item));
end;
OutPutString := OutPutString + EmptyString;
end;
Output.Lines.Add(OutPutString);
end;
FINALLY
FreeAndNil(TextLine);
FreeAndNil(TextLines);
END;
end; </lang>
E
<lang e>pragma.enable("accumulator")
def left(width, word) {
return word + " " * (width - word.size())
}
def center(width, word) {
def leftCount := (width - word.size()) // 2 return " " * leftCount + word + " " * (width - word.size() - leftCount)
}
def right(width, word) {
return " " * (width - word.size()) + word
}
def alignColumns(align, text) {
def split := accum [] for line in text.split("\n") { _.with(line.split("$")) }
var widths := []
for line in split {
for i => word in line {
widths with= (i, widths.fetch(i, fn{0}).max(word.size()))
}
}
return accum "" for line in split {
_ + accum "" for i => word in line {
_ + align(widths[i] + 1, word)
} + "\n"
}
}</lang>
<lang e>? def text := "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."; null
? println(alignColumns(left, text)) Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
? println(alignColumns(center, text))
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
? println(alignColumns(right, text))
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.</lang>
Factor
<lang factor>USING: fry io kernel math math.functions math.order sequences splitting strings ; IN: rosetta.column-aligner
CONSTANT: example-text "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
- split-and-pad ( text -- lines )
"\n" split [ "$" split harvest ] map dup [ length ] [ max ] map-reduce '[ _ "" pad-tail ] map ;
- column-widths ( columns -- widths )
[ [ length ] [ max ] map-reduce ] map ;
SINGLETONS: +left+ +middle+ +right+ ;
GENERIC: align-string ( str n alignment -- str' )
M: +left+ align-string drop CHAR: space pad-tail ; M: +right+ align-string drop CHAR: space pad-head ;
M: +middle+ align-string
drop over length - 2 / [ floor CHAR: space <string> ] [ ceiling CHAR: space <string> ] bi surround ;
- align-columns ( columns alignment -- columns' )
[ dup column-widths ] dip '[
[ _ align-string ] curry map
] 2map ;
- print-aligned ( text alignment -- )
[ split-and-pad flip ] dip align-columns flip [ [ write " " write ] each nl ] each ;</lang>
example-text { +left+ +middle+ +right+ } [ print-aligned ] with each
Forth
<lang forth>\ align columns
- split ( addr len char -- addr len1 addr len-len1 )
>r 2dup r> scan 2swap 2 pick - ;
variable column
- for-each-line ( file len xt -- )
>r begin #lf split r@ execute 1 /string dup 0<= until 2drop rdrop ;
- for-each-field ( line len xt -- )
0 column ! >r begin '$ split r@ execute 1 column +! 1 /string dup 0<= until 2drop rdrop ;
0 value num-columns
- count-columns ( line len -- )
['] 2drop for-each-field num-columns column @ max to num-columns ;
- find-num-columns ( file len -- )
0 to num-columns ['] count-columns for-each-line ;
0 value column-widths
- column-width ( field len -- )
column-widths column @ + c@ max column-widths column @ + c! drop ;
- measure-widths ( line len -- )
['] column-width for-each-field ;
- find-column-widths ( file len -- )
num-columns allocate throw to column-widths column-widths num-columns erase ['] measure-widths for-each-line ;
\ type aligned, same naming convention as standard numeric U.R, .R
- type.l ( addr len width -- )
over - >r type r> spaces ;
- type.c ( addr len width -- )
over - dup 2/ spaces >r type r> 1+ 2/ spaces ;
- type.r ( addr len width -- )
over - spaces type ;
defer type.aligned
- print-field ( field len -- )
column-widths column @ + c@ type.aligned space ;
- print-line ( line len -- ) cr ['] print-field for-each-field ;
- print-fields ( file len -- ) ['] print-line for-each-line ;
\ read file
s" columns.txt" slurp-file ( file len )
\ scan once to determine num-columns 2dup find-num-columns
\ scan again to determine column-widths 2dup find-column-widths
\ print columns, once for each alignment type ' type.l is type.aligned 2dup print-fields cr ' type.c is type.aligned 2dup print-fields cr ' type.r is type.aligned 2dup print-fields cr
\ cleanup nip free throw column-widths free throw</lang>
Go
<lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "strings"
)
const text = `Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.`
type formatter struct {
text [][]string width []int
}
func newFormatter(text string) *formatter {
var f formatter
for _, line := range strings.Split(text, "\n", -1) {
words := strings.Split(line, "$", -1)
for words[len(words)-1] == "" {
words = words[:len(words)-1]
}
f.text = append(f.text, words)
for i, word := range words {
if i == len(f.width) {
f.width = append(f.width, len(word))
} else if len(word) > f.width[i] {
f.width[i] = len(word)
}
}
}
return &f
}
const (
left = iota middle right
)
func (f *formatter) print(j int) {
for _, line := range f.text {
for i, word := range line {
fmt.Printf("%-*s ", f.width[i], fmt.Sprintf("%*s",
len(word)+(f.width[i]-len(word))*j/2, word))
}
fmt.Println("")
}
fmt.Println("")
}
func main() {
f := newFormatter(text) f.print(left) f.print(middle) f.print(right)
}</lang>
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Groovy
Solution: <lang groovy>def alignColumns = { align, rawText ->
def lines = rawText.tokenize('\n')
def words = lines.collect { it.tokenize(/\$/) }
def maxLineWords = words.collect {it.size()}.max()
words = words.collect { line -> line + [] * (maxLineWords - line.size()) }
def columnWidths = words.transpose().collect{ column -> column.collect { it.size() }.max() }
def justify = [ Right : { width, string -> string.padLeft(width) },
Left : { width, string -> string.padRight(width) },
Center : { width, string -> string.center(width) } ]
def padAll = { pad, colWidths, lineWords -> [colWidths, lineWords].transpose().collect { pad(it) + ' ' } }
words.each { padAll(justify[align], columnWidths, it).each { print it }; println() }
}</lang>
Test Program: <lang groovy>def rawTextInput = Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
['Left', 'Center', 'Right'].each { align ->
println "${align} Justified:"
alignColumns(align, rawTextInput)
println()
}</lang>
Output:
Left Justified:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Center Justified:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right Justified:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Haskell
<lang haskell>import Data.List import Control.Monad import Control.Arrow
dat = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n" ++
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n" ++
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n" ++
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n" ++
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n" ++
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.\n"
brkdwn = takeWhile (not.null) . unfoldr (Just . second (drop 1) . span ('$'/=))
format j ls = map (unwords. zipWith align colw) rows
where
rows = map brkdwn $ lines ls
colw = map (maximum. map length) . transpose $ rows
align cw w =
case j of
'c' -> (replicate l ' ') ++ w ++ (replicate r ' ')
'r' -> (replicate dl ' ') ++ w
'l' -> w ++ (replicate dl ' ')
where
dl = cw-length w
(l,r) = (dl `div` 2, dl-l)</lang>
output example:
*Main> mapM_ putStrLn $ format 'c' dat Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
HicEst
A file opened with a Format option describing the column format(s) can be addressed like a standard in-memory array. In addition the DLG function (MatrixExplorer) allows this text/numeric file to be edited or visualized in many ways, but string columns are always left adjusted while numeric columns are right adjusted. Export is possible. <lang HicEst> CHARACTER Fnam = "\HicEst\Rosetta\Align columns.txt"
OPEN(FIle=Fnam, Format="12$", LENgth=rows)
! call the DLG function in MatrixExplorer mode:
DLG(Edit=Fnam, Format='12A10') ! left adjusted, 12 columns, 10 spaces each
! or the standard way:
CALL Align( "LLLLLLLLLLL ", Fnam, rows) ! left align CALL Align( "CCCCCCCCCCC ", Fnam, rows) ! center align CALL Align( "RRRRRRRRRRR ", Fnam, rows) ! right align
END
SUBROUTINE Align(picture, filename, rows)
CHARACTER picture, filename CHARACTER out*400, txt*20
W = LEN(picture)
DO i = 1, rows
out = " "
DO j = 0, 100
txt = filename(i, j+1, *9) ! on error branch to label 9
WRITE(Text=out(j*W+1 : ), Format=picture) txt
ENDDO
9 CONTINUE
WRITE() out
ENDDO
END</lang>
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Icon and Unicon
An argument of left, center, or right controls the column alignment. The default is left-alignment. <lang icon>global width
procedure main(args)
lines := []
width := 0
format := left
match("left"|"right"|"center", format <- !args)
every put(lines,prepare(!&input))
display(lines, proc(format,3))
end
procedure prepare(lines)
line := []
lines ? {
while (not pos(0)) & (field := tab(upto('$')|0)) do {
put(line, field)
width <:= *field
move(1)
}
}
return line
end
procedure display(lines, format)
width +:= 1
every line := !lines do {
every writes(format(!line, width))
write()
}
end</lang>
Sample run:
->align right <align.txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
->
J
Solution <lang j>'LEFT CENTER RIGHT'=: i.3 NB. justification constants
NB.* alignCols v Format delimited text in justified columns NB. y: text to format NB. rows marked by last character in text NB. columns marked by $ NB. optional x: justification. Default is LEFT NB. result: text table alignCols=: verb define
LEFT alignCols y NB. default
global=. dyad def'9!:x y'each
oldbox=. 6 16 global ; NB. save settings
7 17 global (11#' ');,~x NB. apply new settings
result=. _2{:\ ": <;._2 @:,&'$';._2 y NB. parse & format text
7 17 global oldbox NB. restore settings
result
)</lang>
Example: <lang j> text=: noun define Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column. )
alignCols text NB. default justification Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
CENTER alignCols text NB. specify desired justification as left argument Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.</lang>
JavaScript
<lang JavaScript> var justification="center", input=["Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$", "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program", "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$", "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.", "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$", "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."], x,y,cols,max,cols=0,diff,left,right
String.prototype.repeat=function(n){return new Array(1 + parseInt(n)).join(this);}
for(x=0;x<input.length;x++) {
input[x]=input[x].split("$");
if(input[x].length>cols) cols=input[x].length;
} for(x=0;x<cols;x++) {
max=0;
for(y=0;y<input.length;y++) if(input[y][x]&&max<input[y][x].length) max=input[y][x].length;
for(y=0;y<input.length;y++)
if(input[y][x]) {
diff=(max-input[y][x].length)/2;
left=" ".repeat(Math.floor(diff));
right=" ".repeat(Math.ceil(diff));
if(justification=="left") {right+=left;left=""}
if(justification=="right") {left+=right;right=""}
input[y][x]=left+input[y][x]+right;
}
} for(x=0;x<input.length;x++) input[x]=input[x].join(" "); input=input.join("\n"); document.write(input);</lang>
Liberty BASIC
<lang lb>mainwin 140 32
CRLF$ =chr$( 13) maxlen =0
read y
Dim txt$( y)
For i =1 To y
Read i$
print i$
if right$( i$, 1) <>"$" then i$ =i$ +"$"
txt$( i) =i$
x =max( CountDollars( txt$( i)), x)
Next i
print x
Dim matrix$( x, y)
Print CRLF$; " ---- Left ----"
For yy =1 To y
For xx =1 To x
matrix$( xx, yy) =word$( txt$( yy), xx, "$")
print matrix$( xx, yy), "|";
maxlen =max( maxlen, Len( matrix$( xx, yy)))
Next xx
print ""
Next yy
Print CRLF$; " ---- Right ----"
For yy =1 To y
For xx =1 To x
Print right$( " " +matrix$( xx, yy), maxlen +1); "|";
' will truncate column words longer than 20. Change to use maxlen....
Next xx
Print ""
Next yy
Print CRLF$ +" ---- Center ----"
For yy =1 to y
For xx =1 to x
wordLen =Len( matrix$( xx, yy))
padNeeded =maxlen -wordLen +4
LeftSpaces =padNeeded /2
if LeftSpaces =int( LeftSpaces) then
RightSpaces =LeftSpaces
else
RightSpaces =LeftSpaces -1
end if
Print space$( LeftSpaces); matrix$( xx, yy); space$( RightSpaces); "|";
Next xx
Print ""
Next yy
wait
Data 6
Data "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" Data "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" Data "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" Data "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." Data "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" Data "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
function CountDollars( src$)
c =0
for j =1 to len( src$)
if mid$( src$, j, 1) ="$" then c =c +1
next j
CountDollars =c
end function
end</lang>
Lua
<lang lua> local tWord = {} -- word table local tColLen = {} -- maximum word length in a column local rowCount = 0 -- row counter --store maximum column lengths at 'tColLen'; save words into 'tWord' table local function readInput(pStr)
for line in pStr:gmatch("([^\n]+)[\n]-") do -- read until '\n' character
rowCount = rowCount + 1
tWord[rowCount] = {} -- create new row
local colCount = 0
for word in line:gmatch("[^$]+") do -- read non '$' character
colCount = colCount + 1
tColLen[colCount] = math.max((tColLen[colCount] or 0), #word) -- store column length
tWord[rowCount][colCount] = word -- store words
end--for word
end--for line
end--readInput --repeat space to align the words in the same column local align = {
["left"] = function (pWord, pColLen)
local n = (pColLen or 0) - #pWord + 1
return pWord .. (" "):rep(n)
end;--["left"]
["right"] = function (pWord, pColLen)
local n = (pColLen or 0) - #pWord + 1
return (" "):rep(n) .. pWord
end;--["right"]
["center"] = function (pWord, pColLen)
local n = (pColLen or 0) - #pWord + 1
local n1 = math.floor(n/2)
return (" "):rep(n1) .. pWord .. (" "):rep(n-n1)
end;--["center"]
} --word table padder local function padWordTable(pAlignment)
local alignFunc = align[pAlignment] -- selecting the spacer function
for rowCount, tRow in ipairs(tWord) do
for colCount, word in ipairs(tRow) do
tRow[colCount] = alignFunc(word, tColLen[colCount]) -- save the padded words into the word table
end--for colCount, word
end--for rowCount, tRow
end--padWordTable --main interface
[]
function alignColumn(pStr, pAlignment, pFileName)
[]
readInput(pStr) -- store column lengths and words
padWordTable(pAlignment or "left") -- pad the stored words
local output = ""
for rowCount, tRow in ipairs(tWord) do
local line = table.concat(tRow) -- concatenate words in one row
print(line) -- print the line
output = output .. line .. "\n" -- concatenate the line for output, add line break
end--for rowCount, tRow
if (type(pFileName) == "string") then
local file = io.open(pFileName, "w+")
file:write(output) -- write output to file
file:close()
end--if type(pFileName)
return output
end--alignColumn </lang>
Usage Example:
<lang lua> input = [[Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.]]
outputLeft = alignColumn(input)
outputRight = alignColumn(input, "right")
alignColumn(input, "center", "output.txt")
</lang>
MUMPS
<lang MUMPS>columns(how) ; how = "Left", "Center" or "Right" New col,half,ii,max,spaces,word Set ii=0 Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." Set ii="" For Set ii=$Order(line(ii)) Quit:ii="" Do . For col=1:1:$Length(line(ii),"$") Do . . Set max=$Length($Piece(line(ii),"$",col)) . . Set:max>$Get(max(col)) max(col)=max . . Quit . Quit Set ii="" For Set ii=$Order(line(ii)) Quit:ii="" Do . Write ! For col=1:1:$Length(line(ii),"$") Do:$Get(max(col)) . . Set word=$Piece(line(ii),"$",col) . . Set spaces=$Justify("",max(col)-$Length(word)) . . If how="Left" Write word,spaces," " Quit . . If how="Right" Write spaces,word," " Quit . . Set half=$Length(spaces)\2 . . Write $Extract(spaces,1,half),word,$Extract(spaces,half+1,$Length(spaces))," " . . Quit . Quit Write ! Quit Do columns("Left")
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Do columns("Center")
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Do columns("Right")
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.</lang>
OCaml
<lang ocaml>#load "str.cma" open Str
let input = "\ Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
let () =
let lines = split (regexp_string "\n") input in
let fields_l = List.map (split (regexp_string "$")) lines in
let fields_l = List.map Array.of_list fields_l in
let n = (* number of columns *)
List.fold_left
(fun n fields -> max n (Array.length fields))
0 fields_l
in
let pads = Array.make n 0 in
List.iter (
(* calculate the max padding for each column *)
Array.iteri
(fun i word -> pads.(i) <- max pads.(i) (String.length word))
) fields_l;
let print f =
List.iter (fun fields ->
Array.iteri (fun i word ->
f word (pads.(i) - (String.length word))
) fields;
print_newline()
) fields_l;
in
(* left column-aligned output *) print (fun word pad -> let spaces = String.make pad ' ' in Printf.printf "%s%s " word spaces);
(* right column-aligned output *) print (fun word pad -> let spaces = String.make pad ' ' in Printf.printf "%s%s " spaces word);
(* center column-aligned output *) print (fun word pad -> let pad1 = pad / 2 in let pad2 = pad - pad1 in let sp1 = String.make pad1 ' ' in let sp2 = String.make pad2 ' ' in Printf.printf "%s%s%s " sp1 word sp2);
- </lang>
Oz
<lang oz>declare
%% Lines: list of strings
%% Alignment: function like fun {Left Txt ExtraSpace} ... end
%% Returns: list of aligned (virtual) strings
fun {Align Lines Alignment}
ParsedLines = {Map Lines ParseLine}
NumColumns = {Maximum {Map ParsedLines Record.width}}
%% maps column index to column width:
WidthOfColumn = {Record.map {TupleRange NumColumns}
fun {$ ColumnIndex}
fun {LengthOfThisColumn ParsedLine}
{Length {CondSelect ParsedLine ColumnIndex nil}}
end
in
{Maximum {Map ParsedLines LengthOfThisColumn}}
end}
in
{Map ParsedLines
fun {$ Columns}
{Record.mapInd Columns
fun {$ ColumnIndex ColumnText}
Extra = WidthOfColumn.ColumnIndex - {Length ColumnText}
in
{Alignment ColumnText Extra}#" "
end}
end}
end
%% A parsed line is a tuple of columns.
%% "a$b$c" -> '#'(1:"a" 2:"b" 3:"c")
fun {ParseLine Line}
{List.toTuple '#' {String.tokens Line &$}}
end
%% possible alignments:
fun {Left Txt Extra}
Txt#{Spaces Extra}
end
fun {Right Txt Extra}
{Spaces Extra}#Txt
end
fun {Center Txt Extra}
Half = Extra div 2
in
{Spaces Half}#Txt#{Spaces Half + Extra mod 2}
end
%% helpers:
%% 3 -> unit(1 2 3)
fun {TupleRange Max}
{List.toTuple unit {List.number 1 Max 1}}
end
fun {Maximum X|Xr}
{FoldL Xr Value.max X}
end
fun {Spaces N}
case N of 0 then nil
else & |{Spaces N-1}
end
end
Lines = ["Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."]
in
{ForAll {Align Lines Left} System.showInfo}</lang>
Perl
<lang Perl>#/usr/bin/perl -w use strict ;
die "Call : perl columnaligner.pl <inputfile> <printorientation>!\n" unless
@ARGV == 2 ; #$ARGV[ 0 ] contains example file , $ARGV[1] any of 'left' , 'right' or 'center'
die "last argument must be one of center, left or right!\n" unless
$ARGV[ 1 ] =~ /center|left|right/ ;
sub printLines( $$$ ) ; open INFILE , "<" , "$ARGV[ 0 ]" or die "Can't open $ARGV[ 0 ]!\n" ; my @lines = <INFILE> ; close INFILE ; chomp @lines ; my @fieldwidths = map length, split /\$/ , $lines[ 0 ] ; foreach my $i ( 1..$#lines ) {
my @words = split /\$/ , $lines[ $i ] ;
foreach my $j ( 0..$#words ) {
if ( $j <= $#fieldwidths ) {
if ( length $words[ $j ] > $fieldwidths[ $j ] ) {
$fieldwidths[ $j ] = length $words[ $j ] ;
}
}
else {
push @fieldwidths, length $words[ $j ] ;
}
}
} printLine( $_ , $ARGV[ 1 ] , \@fieldwidths ) foreach @lines ;
- ####
sub printLine {
my $line = shift ;
my $orientation = shift ;
my $widthref = shift ;
my @words = split /\$/, $line ;
foreach my $k ( 0..$#words ) {
my $printwidth = $widthref->[ $k ] + 1 ;
if ( $orientation eq 'center' ) {
$printwidth++ ;
}
if ( $orientation eq 'left' ) {
print $words[ $k ] ;
print " " x ( $printwidth - length $words[ $k ] ) ;
}
elsif ( $orientation eq 'right' ) {
print " " x ( $printwidth - length $words[ $k ] ) ;
print $words[ $k ] ;
}
elsif ( $orientation eq 'center' ) {
my $left = int( ( $printwidth - length $words[ $k ] ) / 2 ) ;
my $right = $printwidth - length( $words[ $k ] ) - $left ;
print " " x $left ;
print $words[ $k ] ;
print " " x $right ;
}
}
print "\n" ;
}</lang> a shorter solution <lang perl>use List::Util qw(max);
sub columns {
my @lines = map [split /\$/] => split /\n/ => shift;
my $pos = {qw/left 0 center 1 right 2/}->{+shift};
for my $col (0 .. max map {$#$_} @lines) {
my $max = max my @widths = map {length $_->[$col]} @lines;
for my $row (0 .. $#lines) {
my @pad = map {' ' x $_, ' ' x ($_ + 0.5)} ($max - $widths[$row]) / 2;
for ($lines[$row][$col])
{$_ = join => @pad[0 .. $pos-1], $_, @pad[$pos .. $#pad]}
}
}
join => map {"@$_\n"} @lines
}
print columns <<'END', $_ for qw(left right center); Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column. END</lang>
Perl 6
<lang Perl 6>###to be called with perl6 columnaligner.pl <orientation>(left, center , right )
- with left as default
my $fh = open "example.txt" , :r or die "Can't read text file!\n" ; my @filelines = $fh.lines ; close $fh ; my @maxcolwidths ; #array of the longest words per column
- fill the array with values#####################
for @filelines -> $line {
my @words = $line.split( "\$" ) ;
for 0..@words.elems - 1 -> $i {
if @maxcolwidths[ $i ] {
if @words[ $i ].chars > @maxcolwidths[$i] { @maxcolwidths[ $i ] = @words[ $i ].chars ; }
}
else {
@maxcolwidths.push( @words[ $i ].chars ) ;
} }
} my $justification = @*ARGS[ 0 ] || "left" ;
- print lines , $gap holds the number of spaces, 1 to be added
- to allow for space preceding or following longest word
for @filelines -> $line {
my @words = $line.split( "\$" ) ;
for 0..@words.elems - 1 -> $i {
my $gap = @maxcolwidths[$i] - @words[$i].chars + 1 ;
if $justification eq "left" {
print @words[ $i ] ~ " " x $gap ;
} elsif $justification eq "right" {
print " " x $gap ~ @words[$i] ;
} elsif $justification eq "center" {
$gap = ( @maxcolwidths[ $i ] + 2 - @words[$i].chars ) div 2 ; print " " x $gap ~ @words[$i] ~ " " x $gap ;
} } say ; #for the newline
}</lang>
Or another way. To be called exactly as the first script. <lang Perl 6>my @lines = slurp("example.txt").lines; my @widths;
for @lines { for .split('$').kv { @widths[$^key] max= $^word.chars; } } for @lines { say .split('$').kv.map: { (align @widths[$^key], $^word) ~ " "; } }
sub align($column_width, $word, $aligment = @*ARGS[0]) {
my $lr = $column_width - $word.chars;
my $c = $lr/2;
return do given ($aligment) {
when ("center") { " " x $c.ceiling ~ $word ~ " " x $c.floor }
when ("right" ) { " " x $lr ~ $word }
default { $word ~ " " x $lr }
}
}</lang>
PHP
<lang php><?php $j2justtype = array('L' => STR_PAD_RIGHT,
'R' => STR_PAD_LEFT,
'C' => STR_PAD_BOTH);
/**
Justify columns of textual tabular input where the record separator is the newline and the field separator is a 'dollar' character. justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered). Return the justified output as a string
- /
function aligner($str, $justification = 'L') {
global $j2justtype; assert(array_key_exists($justification, $j2justtype)); $justtype = $j2justtype[$justification];
$fieldsbyrow = array();
foreach (explode("\n", $str) as $line)
$fieldsbyrow[] = explode('$', $line);
$maxfields = max(array_map('count', $fieldsbyrow));
foreach (range(0, $maxfields-1) as $col) {
$maxwidth = 0;
foreach ($fieldsbyrow as $fields)
$maxwidth = max($maxwidth, strlen($fields[$col]));
foreach ($fieldsbyrow as &$fields)
$fields[$col] = str_pad($fields[$col], $maxwidth, ' ', $justtype);
unset($fields); // see http://bugs.php.net/29992
}
$result = ;
foreach ($fieldsbyrow as $fields)
$result .= implode(' ', $fields) . "\n";
return $result;
}
$textinfile = 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$\'dollar\'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.';
foreach (array('L', 'R', 'C') as $j)
echo aligner($textinfile, $j);
?></lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(let Sizes NIL # Build a list of sizes
(let Lines # and of lines
(make
(in "input.txt" # Reading input file
(while (split (line) "$") # delimited by '$'
(let (L (link (mapcar pack @)) S Sizes)
(setq Sizes # Maintain sizes
(make
(while (or L S)
(link
(max
(inc (length (pop 'L)))
(pop 'S) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
(for L Lines # Print lines
(prinl (apply align L (mapcar - Sizes))) ) # left aligned
(prinl)
(for L Lines
(prinl (apply align L Sizes)) ) # right aligned
(prinl)
(for L Lines
(prinl (apply center L Sizes)) ) ) ) # and centered</lang>
Output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
PL/I
<lang PL/I> declare text character (300) varying; declare word character (20) varying; declare justification character (1); declare k fixed binary; declare input file, output file output;
open file (input) title ( '/CENTER.DAT,type(text),recsize(1000)' ); open file (output) title ( '/OUT.TXT,type(text),recsize(1000)' ); on endfile (input) stop;
display ('Specify whether justification is left, centered, or right'); display ('Reply with a single letter: L, C, or R'); get edit (justification) (A(1));
do forever;
get file (input) edit (text) (L);
put skip list (text);
text = trim(text, '$', '$');
do until (k = 0);
k = index(text, '$');
if k = 0 then /* last word in line */
word = text;
else
do;
word = substr(text, 1, k-1);
text = substr(text, k);
text = trim(text, '$');
end;
select (justification);
when ('C', 'c') word = center(word, maxlength(word));
when ('R', 'r') word = right (word, maxlength(word));
otherwise ; /* The default is left adjusted. */
end;
put file (output) edit (word) (a(maxlength(word)));
end;
put file (output) skip;
end; </lang>
Prolog
Works with SWI-Prolog. <lang Prolog>aligner :- L ="Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.",
% read the lines and the words % compute the length of the longuest word. % LP is the list of lines, % each line is a list of words parse(L, 0, N, LP, []),
% we need to add 1 to aligned N1 is N+1, % words will be left aligned sformat(AL, '~~w~~t~~~w|', [N1]), % words will be centered sformat(AC, '~~t~~w~~t~~~w|', [N1]), % words will be right aligned sformat(AR, '~~t~~w~~~w|', [N1]),
write('Left justified :'), nl, maplist(affiche(AL), LP), nl, write('Centered justified :'), nl, maplist(affiche(AC), LP), nl, write('Right justified :'), nl, maplist(affiche(AR), LP), nl.
affiche(F, L) :- maplist(my_format(F), L), nl.
my_format(_F, [13]) :- nl.
my_format(F, W) :- string_to_atom(W,AW), sformat(AF, F, [AW]), write(AF).
parse([], Max, Max) --> [].
parse(T, N, Max) --> { parse_line(T, 0, N1, T1, L, []), ( N1 > N -> N2 = N1; N2 = N)}, [L], parse(T1, N2, Max).
parse_line([], NF, NF, []) --> [].
parse_line([H|TF], NF, NF, TF) --> {code_type(H, end_of_line), !}, [].
parse_line(T, N, NF, TF) -->
{ parse_word(T, 0, N1, T1, W, []),
( N1 > N -> N2 = N1; N2 = N)},
[W],
parse_line(T1, N2, NF, TF).
% 36 is the code of '$' parse_word([36|T], N, N, T) --> {!}, [].
parse_word([H|T], N, N, [H|T]) --> {code_type(H, end_of_line), !}, [].
parse_word([], N, N, []) --> [].
parse_word([H|T], N1, NF, TF) --> [H], {N2 is N1 + 1}, parse_word(T, N2, NF, TF). </lang>
Output :
?- aligner.
Left justified :
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Centered justified :
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right justified :
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
true .
PureBasic
<lang PureBasic>Declare max(a,b)
If OpenConsole()
Define a, i, x, y, maxlen
Dim txt.s(0)
Restore lines ; Get address of the first data block
Read.i a
ReDim txt(a)
For i=0 To a ; Read the raw data lines
Read.s txt(i)
txt(i)=Trim(txt(i),"$") ; Remove any bad '$' that may be useless in the end...
x=max(CountString(txt(i),"$"),x)
Next
y=a
Dim matrix.s(x,y) ; Set up a nice matrix to work with, each word cleanly separated
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
matrix(x,y)=StringField(txt(y),x+1,"$")
maxlen=max(maxlen,Len(matrix(x,y)))
Next
Next
If maxlen%2
maxlen+1 ; Just to make sure that 'centered' output looks nice....
EndIf
PrintN(#CRLF$+"---- Right ----")
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
Print(RSet(matrix(x,y),maxlen+1))
Next
PrintN("")
Next
PrintN(#CRLF$+"---- Left ----")
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
Print(LSet(matrix(x,y),maxlen+1))
Next
PrintN("")
Next
PrintN(#CRLF$+"---- Center ----")
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
a=maxlen-Len(matrix(x,y))
Print(LSet(RSet(matrix(x,y),maxlen-a/2),maxlen))
Next
PrintN("")
Next
PrintN(#CRLF$+#CRLF$+"Press ENTER to quit."): Input()
CloseConsole()
EndIf
Procedure max(x,y)
If x>=y ProcedureReturn x Else ProcedureReturn y EndIf
EndProcedure
DataSection
lines:
Data.i 5 ; e.g. 6-1 since first line is equal to 'zero'.
text:
Data.s "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" Data.s "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" Data.s "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" Data.s "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." Data.s "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$oo$be$either$left$" Data.s "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
EndDataSection</lang>
Python
<lang python>from StringIO import StringIO
textinfile = Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
j2justifier = dict(L=str.ljust, R=str.rjust, C=str.center)
def aligner(infile, justification = 'L'):
\
Justify columns of textual tabular input where the row separator is the newline
and the field separator is a 'dollar' character.
justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered).
Return the justified output as a string
assert justification in j2justifier, "justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered)."
justifier = j2justifier[justification]
fieldsbyrow= [line.strip().split('$') for line in infile]
# pad to same number of fields per row
maxfields = max(len(row) for row in fieldsbyrow)
fieldsbyrow = [fields + []*(maxfields - len(fields))
for fields in fieldsbyrow]
# rotate
fieldsbycolumn = zip(*fieldsbyrow)
# calculate max fieldwidth per column
colwidths = [max(len(field) for field in column)
for column in fieldsbycolumn]
# pad fields in columns to colwidth with spaces
fieldsbycolumn = [ [justifier(field, width) for field in column]
for width, column in zip(colwidths, fieldsbycolumn) ]
# rotate again
fieldsbyrow = zip(*fieldsbycolumn)
return "\n".join( " ".join(row) for row in fieldsbyrow)
for align in 'Left Right Center'.split():
infile = StringIO(textinfile) print "\n# %s Column-aligned output:" % align print aligner(infile, align[0])</lang>
Example output:
# Left Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Right Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Center Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
R
<lang R># Read in text lines <- readLines(tc <- textConnection("Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.")); close(tc)
- Split words by the dollar
words <- strsplit(lines, "\\$")
- Reformat
maxlen <- max(sapply(words, length)) words <- lapply(words, function(x) {length(x) <- maxlen; x}) block <- matrix(unlist(words), byrow=TRUE, ncol=maxlen) block[is.na(block)] <- "" leftjust <- format(block) rightjust <- format(block, justify="right") centrejust <- format(block, justify="centre")
print0 <- function(x) invisible(apply(x, 1, function(x) cat(x, "\n"))) print0(leftjust) print0(rightjust) print0(centrejust)</lang> Right justified output shown.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
REBOL
<lang rebol>REBOL [ Title: "Align Columns" Author: oofoe Date: 2010-09-29 URL: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Align_columns ]
specimen: {Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.}
- Parse specimen into data grid.
data: copy [] foreach line parse specimen to-string lf [ ; Break into lines. append/only data parse line "$" ; Break into columns. ]
- Compute independent widths for each column.
widths: copy [] insert/dup widths 0 length? data/1 foreach line data [ forall line [ i: index? line widths/:i: max widths/:i length? line/1 ] ]
pad: func [n /local x][x: copy "" insert/dup x " " n x]
- These formatting functions are passed as arguments to entable.
right: func [n s][rejoin [pad n - length? s s]]
left: func [n s][rejoin [s pad n - length? s]]
centre: func [n s /local h][ h: round/down (n - length? s) / 2 rejoin [pad h s pad n - h - length? s] ]
- Display data as table.
entable: func [data format] [ foreach line data [ forall line [ prin rejoin [format pick widths index? line line/1 " "] ] print "" ] ]
- Format data table.
foreach i [left centre right] [ print ["^/Align" i "...^/"] entable data get i] </lang>
Sample output:
Align left ...
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Align centre ...
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Align right ...
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
REXX
version 1
<lang rexx> z.1 = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" z.2 = "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" z.3 = "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" z.4 = "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." z.5 = "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" z.6 = "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
word. = "" width. = 0 maxcol = 0 do row = 1 to 6
line = z.row do col = 1 by 1 until length(line) = 0 parse var line word.row.col "$" line if length(word.row.col) > width.col then width.col = length(word.row.col) end if col > maxcol then maxcol = col
end
say "align left:" say do row = 1 to 6
out = "" do col = 1 to maxcol out = out || left(word.row.col,width.col+1) end say out
end say say "align right:" say do row = 1 to 6
out = "" do col = 1 to maxcol out = out || right(word.row.col,width.col+1) end say out
end say say "align center:" say do row = 1 to 6
out = "" do col = 1 to maxcol out = out || center(word.row.col,width.col+1) end say out
end</lang>
version 2
<lang rexx> /*REXX program to display various alignments. */ cols=0; size=0; wid.=0; t.=; @.=
t.1="Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" t.2="are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" t.3="that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" t.4="column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." t.5="Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" t.6="justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
do r=1 while t.r\==
_=strip(t.r,,'$')
do c=1 until _==
parse var _ @.r.c '$' _
wid.c=max(wid.c,length(@.r.c))
end /*c*/
cols=max(cols,c)
end /*r*/
rows=r-1 /*adjust ROWS, it's 1 too big*/ do j=1 for cols; size=size+wid.j; end /*find width of biggest line.*/
do j=1 for 3
say; say center(word('left right center',j) "aligned",size+cols-1,"=")
do r=1 for rows; _=
do c=1 for cols; x=@.r.c
if j==1 then _=_ left(x,wid.c)
if j==2 then _=_ right(x,wid.c)
if j==3 then _=_ centre(x,wid.c)
end /*c*/
say substr(_,2)
end /*r*/
say
end /*j*/
</lang> Output:
==============================================left aligned==============================================
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
=============================================right aligned==============================================
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
=============================================center aligned=============================================
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
version 3
Note: This version adds boxes around columns of output. <lang rexx> /*REXX program to display various alignments. */ cols=0; parse var cols size 1 wid. t. /*initializations.*/
t.1="Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" t.2="are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" t.3="that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" t.4="column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." t.5="Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" t.6="justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
do r=1 while t.r\==
t.r=translate(t.r,,'$')
do c=1 until word(t.r,c)==
wid.c=max(wid.c,length(word(t.r,c)))
end
cols=max(cols,c)
end
rows=r-1 /*adjust ROWS, it's 1 too big*/ do j=1 for cols; size=size+wid.j; end /*find width of biggest line.*/
do j=1 for 3
say;say center(word('left right center',j) "aligned",size+cols,"=");say
do r=0 to rows; _=
!='|'; if r==0 then !='+'
do c=1 for cols;
x=word(t.r,c)
if r==0 then x=copies("-",wid.c+1)
else x=word(t.r,c)
if j==1 then _=_||!|| left(x,wid.c)
if j==2 then _=_||!|| right(x,wid.c)
if j==3 then _=_||!|| centre(x,wid.c)
end /*c*/
if r==0 then bot=_
say _
end /*r*/
say bot; say; say
end /*j*/
</lang> Output:
===============================================left aligned=============================================== +----------+----------+----------+------+------+---------+----------+--------+-------+-------+------+----+ |Given |a |text |file |of |many |lines, |where |fields |within |a |line| |are |delineated|by |a |single|'dollar' |character,|write |a |program| | | |that |aligns |each |column|of |fields |by |ensuring|that |words |in |each| |column |are |separated |by |at |least |one |space. | | | | | |Further, |allow |for |each |word |in |a |column |to |be |either|left| |justified,|right |justified,|or |center|justified|within |its |column.| | | | +----------+----------+----------+------+------+---------+----------+--------+-------+-------+------+----+ ==============================================right aligned=============================================== +----------+----------+----------+------+------+---------+----------+--------+-------+-------+------+----+ | Given| a| text| file| of| many| lines,| where| fields| within| a|line| | are|delineated| by| a|single| 'dollar'|character,| write| a|program| | | | that| aligns| each|column| of| fields| by|ensuring| that| words| in|each| | column| are| separated| by| at| least| one| space.| | | | | | Further,| allow| for| each| word| in| a| column| to| be|either|left| |justified,| right|justified,| or|center|justified| within| its|column.| | | | +----------+----------+----------+------+------+---------+----------+--------+-------+-------+------+----+ ==============================================center aligned============================================== +----------+----------+----------+------+------+---------+----------+--------+-------+-------+------+----+ | Given | a | text | file | of | many | lines, | where |fields |within | a |line| | are |delineated| by | a |single|'dollar' |character,| write | a |program| | | | that | aligns | each |column| of | fields | by |ensuring| that | words | in |each| | column | are |separated | by | at | least | one | space. | | | | | | Further, | allow | for | each | word | in | a | column | to | be |either|left| |justified,| right |justified,| or |center|justified| within | its |column.| | | | +----------+----------+----------+------+------+---------+----------+--------+-------+-------+------+----+
Ruby
<lang ruby>require 'stringio'
textinfile = <<END Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column. END
J2justifier = {'L' => String.instance_method(:ljust),
'R' => String.instance_method(:rjust),
'C' => String.instance_method(:center)}
=begin Justify columns of textual tabular input where the record separator is the newline and the field separator is a 'dollar' character. justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered).
Return the justified output as a string =end def aligner(infile, justification = 'L')
justifier = J2justifier[justification]
fieldsbyrow = infile.map {|line| line.strip.split('$')}
# pad to same number of fields per record
maxfields = fieldsbyrow.map {|row| row.length}.max
fieldsbyrow.map! {|row|
row + []*(maxfields - row.length)
}
# calculate max fieldwidth per column
colwidths = fieldsbyrow.transpose.map {|column|
column.map {|field| field.length}.max
}
# pad fields in columns to colwidth with spaces
fieldsbyrow.map! {|row|
row.zip(colwidths).map {|field, width|
justifier.bind(field)[width]
}
}
fieldsbyrow.map {|row| row.join(" ")}.join("\n")
end
for align in %w{Left Right Center}
infile = StringIO.new(textinfile) puts "\n# %s Column-aligned output:" % align puts aligner(infile, align[0..0])
end</lang>
Example output:
# Left Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Right Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Center Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Scala
For Scala 2.7, change from fromPath to fromFile, and remove the extra parameter to Source's getLines.
<lang scala>object ColumnAligner {
val eol = System.getProperty("line.separator")
def getLines(filename: String) = scala.io.Source.fromPath(filename).getLines(eol)
def splitter(line: String) = line split '$'
def getTable(filename: String) = getLines(filename) map splitter
def fieldWidths(fields: Array[String]) = fields map (_ length)
def columnWidths(txt: Iterator[Array[String]]) = (txt map fieldWidths).toList.transpose map (_ max)
def alignField(alignment: Char)(width: Int)(field: String) = alignment match {
case 'l' | 'L' => "%-"+width+"s" format field
case 'r' | 'R' => "%"+width+"s" format field
case 'c' | 'C' => val padding = (width - field.length) / 2; " "*padding+"%-"+(width-padding)+"s" format field
case _ => throw new IllegalArgumentException
}
def align(aligners: List[String => String])(fields: Array[String]) =
aligners zip fields map Function.tupled(_ apply _)
def alignFile(filename: String, alignment: Char) = {
def table = getTable(filename)
val aligners = columnWidths(table) map alignField(alignment)
table map align(aligners) map (_ mkString " ")
}
def printAlignedFile(filename: String, alignment: Char) {
alignFile(filename, alignment) foreach println
}
}</lang>
Another take:
<lang scala>def pad(s:String, i:Int, d:String) = {
val padsize = (i-s.length).max(0)
d match {
case "left" => s+" "*padsize
case "right" => " "*padsize+s
case "center" => " "*(padsize/2) + s + " "*(padsize-padsize/2)
}
}
val lines = scala.io.Source.fromFile("c:\\text.txt").getLines.map(_.trim()) val words = lines.map(_.split("\\$").toList).toList val lens = words.map(l => l.map(_.length)).toList
var maxlens = Map[Int,Int]() withDefaultValue 0 lens foreach (l =>
for(i <- (0 until l.length)){
maxlens += i -> l(i).max(maxlens(i))
}
)
val padded = words map ( _.zipWithIndex.map{case(s,i)=>pad(s,maxlens(i),"center")+" "} ) padded map (_.reduceLeft(_ + _)) foreach println</lang>
Shiny
<lang shiny>text: 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$\'dollar\'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.'
align: action text; position;
# split text into 2D array of lines and words
lines : { for text.split ~\$?\r?\n~ { for a.split '$' a end } end }
# calculate max required width for each column
widths: { for lines for a here[b]: a.length.max here[b]? ends }
spaces: action out ("%%%ds" in).format end
# formatting functions
left: action word; width;
pad: width-word.length
print "%s%s " word spaces pad
end
right: action word; width;
pad: width-word.length
print "%s%s " spaces pad word
end
center: action word; width;
pad: (width-word.length)/2
print "%s%s%s " spaces pad.floor word spaces pad.ceil
end
if position.match ~^(left|center|right)$~ for lines
for a local[position] a widths[b] end say
ends say
end
align text 'left' align text 'center' align text 'right'</lang>
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Tcl
<lang tcl>package require Tcl 8.5
set text {Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.}
array set max {} foreach line [split $text \n] {
set col 0
set thisline [split $line \$]
lappend words $thisline
foreach word $thisline {
set max([incr col]) [expr {[info exists max($col)]
? max($max($col), [string length $word])
: [string length $word]
}]
}
}
proc justify {word position width} {
switch -exact -- $position {
left {
return [format "%-*s" $width $word]
}
center {
set lpadw [expr {($width - [string length $word])/2}]
return [format "%s%-*s" [string repeat " " $lpadw] [incr width -$lpadw] $word]
}
right {
return [format "%*s" $width $word]
}
}
}
foreach position {left center right} {
foreach thisline $words {
set col 0
set line ""
foreach word $thisline {
append line [justify $word $position $max([incr col])] " "
}
puts [string trimright $line]
}
puts ""
}</lang> Output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
TUSCRIPT
<lang tuscript> $$ MODE TUSCRIPT MODE DATA $$ SET exampletext=* Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column. $$ MODE TUSCRIPT SET nix=SPLIT (exampletext,":$:",c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7,c8,c9,c10,c11,c12) LOOP l1=1,12 SET colum=CONCAT ("c",l1) SET newcolum=CONCAT ("new",l1) SET @newcolum="", length=MAX LENGTH (@colum), space=length+2
LOOP n,l2=@colum SET newcell=CENTER (l2,space) SET @newcolum=APPEND (@newcolum,"~",newcell) ENDLOOP SET @newcolum=SPLIT (@newcolum,":~:")
ENDLOOP SET exampletext=JOIN(new1,"$",new2,new3,new4,new5,new6,new7,new8,new9,new10,new11,new12) </lang> Output:
Given $ a $ text $ file $ of $ many $ lines, $ where $ fields $ within $ a $ line$
are $ delineated $ by $ a $ single $ 'dollar' $ character, $ write $ a $ program $ $
that $ aligns $ each $ column $ of $ fields $ by $ ensuring $ that $ words $ in $ each$
column $ are $ separated $ by $ at $ least $ one $ space. $ $ $ $
Further, $ allow $ for $ each $ word $ in $ a $ column $ to $ be $ either $ left$
justified, $ right $ justified, $ or $ center $ justified $ within $ its $ column. $ $ $
Unix Shell
This is a draft implementation of the "align columns" problem using Unix shell commands. The key tool for left and right justified text is the "rs" command. Centered text is a little more complex, since this is not a feature currently in "rs" (The centered solution will be added later.) <lang bash> cat <<EOF_OUTER > just-nocenter.sh
- !/bin/sh
td() { cat <<'EOF' Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column. EOF }
rows=$( td | wc -l )
- get the number of fields
fields=$(td | rs -c'$' -g1 -h | awk '{print $2}')
- get the max of the value widths
cwidth=$(td | rs -c'$' -g1 -w1 2>/dev/null | awk 'BEGIN{w=0}{if(length>w){w=length}}END{print w}')
- compute the minimum line width for the columns
lwidth=$(( (1 + cwidth) * fields ))
- left adjusted columns
td | rs -c'$' -g1 -zn -w$lwidth
echo ""
- right adjusted columns
td | rs -c'$' -g1 -znj -w$lwidth
echo ""
exit EOF_OUTER </lang> Output: <lang sh> $ ./just-nocenter.sh Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column. </lang>
The centered output will be added later, when I've more time. I did this in about 10 minutes.
Ursala
The algorithm is to lex the text to a list of lists of strings assuming $ as a separator, then pad the lists out to the length of the maximum length list, transpose, do the same with each column, and transpose again. For left justification, nothing further but concatenation is needed. For right justification, each word's string of trailing blanks is moved to the beginning, and for center justification, the trailing blanks are divided equally between the beginning and end of each word. <lang Ursala>#import std
text =
-[Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$ column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space. Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$ justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.]-
pad = sep`$*; @FS ~&rSSSK7+ (zipp` ^*D\~& leql$^)*rSSK7+ zipp0^*D/leql$^ ~&
just_left = mat` *+ pad just_right = mat` *+ pad; ==` ~-rlT** just_center = mat` *+ pad; ==` ~-rK30PlrK31PTT**
- show+
main = mat0 <.just_left,just_center,just_right> text</lang> output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Vedit macro language
This implementation converts the file currently being edited. The file can then be saved with different filename if required. <lang vedit>RS(10, "$") // Field separator
- 11 = 1 // Align: 1 = left, 2 = center, 3 = right
// Reset column widths. Max 50 columns for (#1=40; #1<90; #1++) { #@1 = 0 }
// Find max width of each column BOF Repeat(ALL) {
for (#1=40; #1<90; #1++) {
Match(@10, ADVANCE) // skip field separator if any
#2 = Cur_Pos Search("|{|@(10),|N}", NOERR) // field separator or end of line #3 = Cur_Pos - #2 // width of text if (#3 > #@1) { #@1 = #3 } if (At_EOL) { Break }
} Line(1, ERRBREAK)
}
// Convert lines BOF Repeat(ALL) {
for (#1=40; #1<90; #1++) {
#2 = Cur_Pos Search("|{|@(10),|N}", NOERR) if (At_EOL==0) { Del_Char(Chars_Matched) } #3 = #@1 - Cur_Pos + #2 // number of spaces to insert #4 = 0 if (#11 == 2) { #4 = #3/2; #3 -= #4 } // Center if (#11 == 3) { #4 = #3; #3 = 0 } // Right justify Set_Marker(1, Cur_Pos) Goto_Pos(#2) Ins_Char(' ', COUNT, #4) // add spaces before the word Goto_Pos(Marker(1)) Ins_Char(' ', COUNT, #3+1) // add spaces after the word if (At_EOL) { Break }
} Line(1, ERRBREAK)
}</lang>
Example output: <lang vedit>-- Left: Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.</lang>
- Programming Tasks
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