Video display modes: Difference between revisions
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{{task}}[[Category:Initialization]]
The task is to demonstrate how to switch video display modes within the language. A brief description of the supported video modes would be useful.
=={{header|6502 Assembly}}==
===Apple II===
* Change to 80-column display:
<syntaxhighlight lang="6502asm">LDA #3
JSR $FE95</syntaxhighlight>
* Change to 40-column display:
<syntaxhighlight lang="6502asm">LDA #0
JSR $FE95</syntaxhighlight>
For the following, the value stored to these memory locations does not matter. It is the mere act of writing to them that causes the Apple II to change modes. You can read from them as well to do the same, but there's really no reason to do so, as both <code>LDA $????</code> and <code>STA $????</code> both take 4 clock cycles, and you've only got 3 registers you can use so there's no sense in wiping the accumulator with a garbage value that has no actual meaning.
{{trans|Applesoft BASIC}}
* <code>STA $C050</code>:Change to text mode
* <code>STA $C051</code>:Change to graphics mode
* <code>STA $C052</code>:Change to full screen (whatever mode you're "in" takes up the whole screen)
* <code>STA $C053</code>:Change to mixed screen (graphics mode is the majority of the screen, but there's 4 rows of text on the bottom)
* <code>STA $C054</code>:Display page 1 of video memory
* <code>STA $C055</code>:Display page 2 of video memory
* <code>STA $C056</code>:Change graphics mode to low-resolution (16-color) mode
* <code>STA $C057</code>:Change graphics mode to hi-resolution (6-color) mode
===Nintendo Entertainment System===
[https://nesdev-wiki.nes.science/wikipages/PPU_registers.xhtml NES Picture Processing Unit Registers]
=={{header|8086 Assembly}}==
{{works with|MS-DOS}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="asm">mov ah,00h
mov al,videoMode
int 10h</syntaxhighlight>
There are quite a few valid values for <code>videoMode</code>, here are a few of them:
* 03h is the standard MS-DOS command prompt that appears upon startup.
* 04h is CGA mode, which is typically 4-color when using an RBGI cable and can be up to 16 colors when using a composite cable. The resolution is 320x200 pixels.
* 09h is used by the Tandy 1000 computer.
* 0Dh is EGA mode, which uses 4 bitplanes and is 16 colors, with a resolution of 320x200 pixels.
* 13h is VGA mode, which uses one byte per pixel, 256 colors, and has a resolution of 320x200 pixels.
Some other trivia about changing video modes:
* Using the above command to switch video modes to the same video mode you're already in will wipe the screen of all graphics, reset the text cursor, and, for VGA mode, reloads the standard VGA palette, destroying whatever user-defined palette was stored in the graphics card's memory. "Switching" to the same video mode again is a quick and easy way to clear the screen.
* Regardless of whether you use CGA or EGA, the same text-related commands and service calls will work just as they do in MS-DOS mode. The only difference is the font which is a lot larger and supports the change of text color.
* If you use <code>mov ax,4C00h int 21h</code> to return to DOS while in a different video mode, you will still be in that video mode when you return.
=={{header|Action!}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="action!">PROC ShowMode(BYTE m,split,gr
CARD w, BYTE h,
CARD size,
CHAR ARRAY descr)
BYTE CH=$02FC
CARD i
BYTE POINTER ptr
Graphics(0)
PrintF("Next video mode: %B%E",m)
IF split THEN
PrintF("Split video mode%E%EUpper part:%E")
FI
IF gr THEN
Print("Graphics")
ELSE
Print("Text")
FI
PrintF(" mode, %Ux%B, %S%E",w,h,descr)
IF split THEN
PrintF("%ELower part:%EText mode 40x4, 2 luminances%E")
FI
PrintF("%EPress any key to change video mode.")
DO UNTIL CH#$FF OD
CH=$FF
Graphics(m)
ptr=PeekC(88)
FOR i=1 TO size
DO
ptr^=Rand(0)
ptr==+1
OD
DO UNTIL CH#$FF OD
CH=$FF
RETURN
PROC Main()
ShowMode(0,0,0,40,24,960,"2 luminances")
ShowMode(1,1,0,20,20,640,"5 colors")
ShowMode(2,1,0,20,10,400,"5 colors")
ShowMode(3,1,1,40,20,400,"4 colors")
ShowMode(4,1,1,80,40,640,"2 colors")
ShowMode(5,1,1,80,40,1120,"4 colors")
ShowMode(6,1,1,160,80,2080,"2 colors")
ShowMode(7,1,1,160,80,4000,"4 colors")
ShowMode(8,1,1,320,160,7856,"2 luminances")
ShowMode(9,0,1,80,192,7680,"16 luminances")
ShowMode(10,0,1,80,192,7680,"9 colors")
ShowMode(11,0,1,80,192,7680,"16 hues")
ShowMode(12,1,0,40,20,1120,"5 colors")
ShowMode(13,1,0,40,10,640,"5 colors")
ShowMode(14,1,1,160,160,4000,"2 colors")
ShowMode(15,1,1,160,160,7856,"4 colors")
ShowMode(17,0,0,20,24,480,"5 colors")
ShowMode(18,0,0,20,12,240,"5 colors")
ShowMode(19,0,1,40,24,240,"4 colors")
ShowMode(20,0,1,80,48,480,"2 colors")
ShowMode(21,0,1,80,48,960,"4 colors")
ShowMode(22,0,1,160,96,1920,"2 colors")
ShowMode(23,0,1,160,96,3840,"4 colors")
ShowMode(24,0,1,320,192,7680,"2 luminances")
ShowMode(28,0,0,40,24,960,"5 colors")
ShowMode(29,0,0,40,12,480,"5 colors")
ShowMode(30,0,1,160,192,3840,"2 colors")
ShowMode(31,0,1,160,192,7680,"4 colors")
RETURN</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
[https://gitlab.com/amarok8bit/action-rosetta-code/-/raw/master/images/Video_display_modes.png Screenshot from Atari 8-bit computer]
=={{header|AmigaBASIC}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="amigabasic">SCREEN 1,320,200,5,1</syntaxhighlight>
This command creates a new screen #1 (4 max) with 320x200 pixels and 5 bits per pixel (for a total of 2⁵=32 colors). The final parameter, 1, sets the monitor to 320x200 (NTSC Amiga) or 320x256 (PAL Amiga) non-interlaced mode. If set to 2, it would use 640*200/640*256, while 3 and 4 would result in corresponding interlaced modes with twice the vertical resolution.
The screen can be closed again with
<syntaxhighlight lang="amigabasic">SCREEN CLOSE 1</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Applesoft BASIC}}==
Line 15 ⟶ 143:
hgr, page 2, 280 x 160, 6 colors, mixed with four lines of text
<syntaxhighlight lang="applesoftbasic">10 GR
20 FOR I = 0 TO 15 : COLOR = I : PLOT I,I : NEXT
30 HGR
Line 34 ⟶ 162:
180 IF A$ = "G" THEN POKE -16304,0 : REM GRAPHICS
190 IF A$ <> "Q" THEN 100
200 TEXT</
=={{header|ARM Assembly}}==
=== Game Boy Advance===
[[https://mgba-emu.github.io/gbatek/#lcdiodisplaycontrol|GBATek Game Boy Advance Specifications]]
The video display mode is a 16 bit value that is written to address 0x04000000. The lowest 3 bits control the screen mode. There are 5 to choose from. Modes 0-1 use tile graphics, Mode 2 is similar to the famous "Mode 7" on the SNES, and Modes 3, 4, and 5 are bitmap modes much like 80s home computers where individual pixels can be edited. Visibility of the background layers are controlled by bits 8 through 12 (going from right to left).
For example, to set the screen to Mode 3 with Background 2 visible:
<syntaxhighlight lang="arm assembly">
MOV R1,#0x04000000
MOV R0,#0x403
STR r0,[r1] ;the game boy advance is little-endian, so I would have expected this not to work. However it does indeed work.
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|BBC BASIC}}==
<
=={{header|
===Commodore 64===
Since BASIC V2 on the Commodore 64 has no specific commands to operate the graphics functions of the VIC-II, video modes must be activated by directly manipulating the various registers of the VIC-II chip. Also, no initialization is done of any user-programmable graphics memory at start up, as it is not known at startup what memory locations will be utilized for graphics. It is up to the user to decide how to utilize the memory and then make the appropriate initialization.
====Summary of Video Modes====
* '''Standard Character Mode'''
** 40 x 25 characters.
** Single foreground color per character.
** 16 colors available for use.
** Font data comes from ROM.
* '''Multicolor Character Mode'''
** 40 x 25 characters.
** Characters are either single colored or multi-colored.
** Multi-color allows for 3 foreground colors per character.
** 1 foreground color limited to first 8 colors of the palette; other 2 are global for entire screen, but may be any of 16 colors.
* '''Extended Color Mode'''
** Enables a total of 4 background colors which can be any of the 16 palette colors.
** Limits character set to only first 64 characters (no PETSCII graphics or reverse characters.)
* '''Programmable Character Mode'''
** Works with any of the modes described above.
** Exception is that font data comes from data in RAM.
* '''Standard High Resolution Bit Mapped Mode'''
** 320 x 200 pixel resolution.
** Single foreground color per 8x8 pixel cell.
** Single background color per 8x8 pixel cell.
** Foreground and background color can be any of the 16 color palette.
** Color information stored in character screen RAM, ''not'' color RAM.
* '''Multicolor Hi-res Bit Mapped Mode'''
** 160 x 200 pixel resolution.
** Each 4x8 cell can have 3 foreground colors and 1 global background color.
** Color information for foreground colors is stored in character screen RAM as well as color RAM (12 bits of color information).
====Explanation of Program====
{| class="wikitable"
!Lines
!Description
|-
|10-25
|Clear the screen, switch to lower-case mode, set the basic border, background, and foreground colors, including the extended and multicolors.
|-
|30
|Check to see if we've run this routine before by examining the first two bytes of our reserved graphics area. If we have, skip it. (It does take some time to complete.)
|-
|35
|Tell BASIC to limit its RAM usage to a new top-end of 8K. The following 8K (8192 to 16384) will be reserved for graphics data to be used by the VIC-II.
|-
|40
|Let the user know we're initializing.
|-
|45
|The contents of the character ROM are not normally visible to the CPU and must be switched through the I/O port of the CPU. However, this will also make certain interrupt functions running in the background fail, so interrupts must be turned off by stopping the interrupt timer on CIA 2 (first <code>POKE</code> in line 45) before switching the ROM in (second <code>POKE</code> in line 45).
|-
|50
|Initialize part of the graphics area by copying all 4K of character ROM into the reserved graphics area.
|-
|55
|Switch out the ROM since we are done with it, and restart the interrupt timer.
|-
|60-115
|Modify a few characters to be custom designed (defined in <code>DATA</code> statements), and then define the rest of the reserved graphics memory with high-resolution lines (line 65), as well as a specific bit pattern that will help illustrate the high resolution multi-color mode (line 70).
|-
|480-810
|This section goes through each of the modes. Activation of the modes is called as a subroutine, and some video modes are actually a combination of discrete video modes.
|-
|1000-1020
|A subroutine to print some demonstration text to the screen to illustrate the variety of the various text modes. On lines 1011 and 1013, <code>chr$(160)</code> is the same as <code>SHIFT-SPACE</code> for the spaces between letters, which is distinctly different from a regular <code>SPACE</code> character (<code>CHR$(32)</code>).
|-
|1050-1065
|A subroutine to put a variety of color definition into the high-resolution bit map modes.
|-
|1100-1430
|These subroutines are the methods for switching certain discrete video modes on and off. This is done by specifically modifying the various registers in the VIC-II chip. Most of these are then combined to achieve other video modes.
|-
|9000-9020
|Finally, a generic "wait for keypress" routine.
|}
====Program Listing====
<syntaxhighlight lang="gwbasic">10 rem video modes - c64
15 rem rosetta code
20 print chr$(147);chr$(14):poke 53280,0:poke 53281,0:poke 646,1
25 poke 53282,2:poke 53283,11:poke 53284,9:rem set extended and multi colors
30 if peek(12288)=60 and peek(12289)=102 then goto 100
35 poke 52,32:poke 56,32:clr
40 print "Initializing - Please wait..."
45 poke 56334,peek(56334) and 254:poke1,peek(1) and 251
50 for i=0 to 4096:poke i+12288,peek(i+53248):next
55 poke1,peek(1) or 4:poke56334,peek(56334) or 1
60 for i=0 to 31:read d:poke 15368+i,d:next i
65 x=0:for i=8192 to 10239:poke i,2^x:x=(x+1) and 7:next
70 for i=10240 to 12287:poke i,228:next
100 data 60,66,165,129,165,153,66,60
105 data 60,66,165,129,153,165,66,60
110 data 245,245,245,245,10,10,10,10
115 data 10,10,10,10,245,245,245,245
480 print chr$(147);"Demonstration of Video Modes"
485 print
490 print "The video modes described at Rosetta "
495 print "Code will be demonstrated in order. "
500 print "Simply press a key to advance to the"
505 print "next video mode."
510 print
515 print "See rosettacode.org for description."
516 print
517 print "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/";
518 print "Video";chr$(164);"display";chr$(164);"modes#";
519 print "Commodore";chr$(164);"BASIC"
520 print
525 print "Press any key to begin."
530 gosub 9010
600 print chr$(147);"Standard Character Mode"
605 print " - ROM Characters"
610 print:gosub 1000:print:gosub 9000:print chr$(147)
615 gosub 1210
620 print chr$(147);"Multicolor Character Mode"
625 print " - ROM Characters"
630 print:gosub 1000:print:gosub 9000:print chr$(147)
635 gosub 1220
640 gosub 1310
645 print chr$(147);"Extended Color Character Mode"
650 print " - ROM Characters"
655 print:gosub 1000:print:gosub 9000:print chr$(147)
660 gosub 1320
665 gosub 1100
670 print chr$(147);"Standard Character Mode"
675 print " - Programmed Characters"
680 print:gosub 1000:print:gosub 9000:print chr$(147)
685 gosub 1210
690 print chr$(147);"Multicolor Character Mode"
695 print " - Programmed Characters"
700 print:gosub 1000:print:gosub 9000:print chr$(147)
705 gosub 1220
710 gosub 1310
715 print chr$(147);"Extended Color Character Mode"
720 print " - Programmed Characters"
725 print:gosub 1000:print:gosub 9000:print chr$(147)
730 gosub 1320
735 print chr$(147);"The next screen will be the"
740 print "High Resolution Bit Map Mode"
745 print
750 gosub 9000
755 gosub 1430:gosub 1410
760 print:gosub 1050:print:gosub 9010:print chr$(147)
765 gosub 1420:gosub 1120
770 print chr$(147);"The next screen will be the"
775 print "Multicolor High Resolution Bit Map Mode"
780 print
785 gosub 9000
790 gosub 1430:gosub 1410:gosub 1210
795 print:gosub 1050:print:gosub 9010:print chr$(147)
800 gosub 1420:gosub 1220:gosub 1120
805 print chr$(147);"End of demonstration."
810 end
1000 rem put some characters up for demo
1005 for i=0 to 15:poke 646,i
1010 print" a b c d ";
1011 print chr$(160);"A";chr$(160);"B";chr$(160);"C";chr$(160);"D";chr$(160);
1012 print chr$(18);" a b c d ";
1013 print chr$(160);"A";chr$(160);"B";chr$(160);"C";chr$(160);"D";chr$(160);
1014 print chr$(146)
1015 next i:poke 646,1
1020 return
1050 rem show color variety for hi-res modes
1051 print chr$(147)
1055 for i=0 to 255:poke 1024+i,i:poke 55296+i,1:next
1060 for i=0 to 255:poke 1280+i,i:poke 55552+i,int(rnd(1)*16):next
1065 return
1100 rem programmable character mode
1110 poke 53272,(peek(53272) and 240)+14:return:rem on
1120 poke 53272,(peek(53272) and 240)+6:return:rem off
1200 rem multicolor mode
1210 poke 53270,peek(53270) or 16:return:rem on
1220 poke 53270,peek(53270) and 239:return:rem off
1300 rem extended color mode
1310 poke 53265,peek(53265) or 64:return:rem on
1320 poke 53265,peek(53265) and 191:return:rem off
1400 rem hi res mode
1410 poke 53265,(peek(53265) or 32):return:rem on
1420 poke 53265,(peek(53265) and 223):return:rem off
1430 poke 53272,peek(53272) or 8:return:rem place bitmap at 8192
9000 print "Press any key for next screen.";
9010 get k$:if k$="" then 9010
9020 return</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Delphi}}==
{{works with|Delphi|6.0}}
{{libheader|SysUtils,StdCtrls}}
Delphi is primarily a language used under advanced operating systems such as Windows, Linux and iOS. Under Windows, the video resolution and color depth is controlled by Windows, the monitor, the video card and the choices of the user. These days, color is almost always set to 32-bit pixels with 8-bits for Red, Green and Blue, plus an alpha channel for transparency. Most people run their displays at 1080P resolution or higher. So under Windows, you typically have the highest possible resolution. Given these resolutions and the size of monitors these days, there is so much graphics real estate on the average display, that most programs only need to use a portion of the screen to display all their information.
Under these circumstances, the only way you could change the screen resolution or color depth would be to change it downward. The only reason you'd ever want lower resolution displays is if you were simulating the pixelated, low quality graphics of old computers. And, if you really want to display a low graphics, it is pretty easy to simulate it with high resolution graphics.
Delphi supports working in the world of high resolution displays by allowing you to easily create windows that are sizable by the programmer or the user. It supports putting text in a window with components like the "TMemo" object. Likewise, you can draw or put images into a window with the "TImage" component.
As an example of how this works, here is some code that would wrote text into a text window:
<syntaxhighlight lang="Delphi">
begin
Memo.Line.Add('Hello World');
end;
</syntaxhighlight>
Here's an example of drawing lines in a graphics window;
<syntaxhighlight lang="Delphi">
begin
Image.Canvas.MoveTo(0,0);
Image.Canvas.LineTo(100,100);
end;
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
[[File:DelphiMemoWindow.png|frame|none]]
[[File:DelphiImageWindow.png|frame|none]]
<pre>
</pre>
=={{header|ERRE}}==
Line 59 ⟶ 426:
ERRE language (for C-64) support high resolution graphic (320x200) using HGR.LIB library.
=={{header|FreeBASIC}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="freebasic">dim as integer i, w, h, d
for i = 0 to 21
if i>2 and i<7 then continue for 'screens 3-6 are not defined
screen i
screeninfo w, h, d
print "Screen ";i
print using "#### x ####, color depth ##";w;h;d
sleep
next i
'a more flexible alternative is ScreenRes
'this sets up a window of 1618x971 pixels, colour depth 8, and 2 pages
screenres 1618, 971, 8, 2
windowtitle "Foo bar baz"
sleep
'see https://documentation.help/FreeBASIC/KeyPgScreengraphics.html
'for more information
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Go}}==
{{trans|UNIX Shell}}
{{works with|Ubuntu 16.04}}
<
import (
Line 93 ⟶ 484:
log.Fatal(err)
}
}</
{{out}}
Line 121 ⟶ 512:
{{trans|Kotlin}}
{{works with|Ubuntu 14.04}}
<
invoke("xrandr -q")
Line 129 ⟶ 520:
Thread.sleep(3000)
invoke("xrandr -s 1366x768")</
{{out}}
Line 145 ⟶ 536:
5080x1898 1.00*
5080x1920 2.00 </pre>
=={{header|GW-BASIC}}==
'''This example is wrong! GWBASIC can use ONLY EGA-Graphic until SCREEN 9 (640 x 350 - 16 colors) with color monitor or SCREEN 10 (640 x 350 - 2 "colors") for monochrome monitor.
GWBASIC version used: 3.23'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="gwbasic">10 REM GW Basic can switch VGA modes
20 SCREEN 18: REM Mode 12h 640x480 16 colour graphics</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Icon}} and {{header|Unicon}}==
Line 152 ⟶ 551:
{{trans|UNIX Shell}}
<
mode := A[1]
if \mode then system("xrandr -s " || \mode || " >/dev/null")
else system("xrandr -q") # Display available modes
end</
Output with no arguments:
Line 184 ⟶ 583:
640x480 75.0 59.9
->
</pre>
=={{header|J}}==
{{omit from|J}} This isn't a J issue, it's an OS issue. Thus, for example, we could use <code>2!:0'xrandr -s 640x480'</code> on an operating system where that provides meaningful behavior. And, we could use <code>shell'mode CON: COLS=40 LINES=100'[require'task'</code> on an operating system where that provides meaningful behavior (and <tt>2!:0</tt> does not work on windows -- on linux this <tt>shell</tt> command is equivalent to <tt>2!:0</tt>). But these won't work in the general case of an arbitrary operating system and arbitrary video hardware, and it's probably best handle such tasks before starting J.
=={{header|Java}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
public final class VideoDisplay {
public static void main(String[] aArgs) throws InterruptedException {
GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
GraphicsDevice[] screens = environment.getScreenDevices();
System.out.println("Number of video screens: " + screens.length + System.lineSeparator());
for ( GraphicsDevice screen : screens ) {
System.out.println("Full screen display is supported: "
+ screen.isFullScreenSupported() + System.lineSeparator());
GraphicsConfiguration[] configurations = screen.getConfigurations();
System.out.println("This screen has number of configurations: " + configurations.length);
for ( GraphicsConfiguration config : configurations ) {
System.out.println("Configuration supports translucency: " + config.isTranslucencyCapable());
}
DisplayMode[] modes = screen.getDisplayModes();
System.out.println(System.lineSeparator() + "This screen has " + modes.length + " modes of operation");
for ( DisplayMode mode : modes ) {
System.out.println(mode.getWidth() + " X " + mode.getHeight()
+ " with refresh rate " + mode.getRefreshRate() + " Hz");
}
}
// Uncomment the line below to see an example of programmatically changing the video display.
// new VideoDisplay();
}
private VideoDisplay() throws InterruptedException {
JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Video Display Demonstration");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
frame.add( new JLabel(MESSAGE) );
frame.setSize(800, 600);
GraphicsDevice screen = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getDefaultScreenDevice();
DisplayMode originalDisplayMode = screen.getDisplayMode();
screen.setFullScreenWindow(frame);
screen.setDisplayMode( new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 60) );
frame.setVisible(true);
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
screen.setDisplayMode(originalDisplayMode);
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
Runtime.getRuntime().exit(0);
}
private static final String MESSAGE = "Please wait for a few seconds."
+ " Your video display will then be returned to its original setting.";
}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{ out }}
<pre>
Number of video screens: 1
Full screen display is supported: true
This screen has number of configurations: 1
Configuration supports translucency: true
This screen has 11 modes of operation
640 X 480 with refresh rate 60 Hz
800 X 600 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1024 X 768 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1128 X 634 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1280 X 720 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1280 X 1024 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1366 X 768 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1600 X 900 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1680 X 1050 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1760 X 990 with refresh rate 60 Hz
1920 X 1080 with refresh rate 60 Hz
</pre>
=={{header|Julia}}==
{{trans|Phix}}
<
if Base.Sys.islinux()
run(`xrandr -s 640x480`)
Line 198 ⟶ 696:
run(`mode CON: COLS=100 LINES=50`)
end
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Kotlin}}==
{{trans|UNIX Shell}}
{{works with|Ubuntu 14.04}}
<
import java.util.Scanner
Line 227 ⟶ 725:
// change it back again to 1366x768 (or whatever is optimal for your system)
runSystemCommand("xrandr -s 1366x768")
}</
{{out}}
Line 252 ⟶ 750:
* Mode 2 - Graphics: 640x200 Text: 80x25 Colours: 2
Note that text can be displayed using conventional means in all display modes.
<
=={{header|
Certain terminals may support the following..
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">print("\33[?3h") -- 132-column text
print("\33[?3l") -- 80-column text</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Nim}}==
{{works with|Linux}}
Using the command "xrandr" on Linux systems.
<syntaxhighlight lang="nim">import os, osproc, strformat, strscans
# Retrieve video modes.
let p = startProcess("xrandr", "", ["-q"], nil, {poUsePath})
var currWidth, currHeight = 0 # Current video mode.
var width, height = 0 # Some other video mode.
for line in p.lines:
echo line
# Find current display mode, marked by an asterisk.
var f: float
if currWidth == 0:
# Find current width and height.
discard line.scanf(" $s$ix$i $s$f*", currWidth, currHeight, f)
elif width == 0:
# Find another width and height.
discard line.scanf(" $s$ix$i $s$f", width, height, f)
p.close()
# Change video mode.
let newMode = &"{width}x{height}"
sleep 1000
echo "\nSwitching to ", newMode
sleep 2000
discard execProcess("xrandr", "", ["-s", newMode], nil, {poUsePath})
# Restore previous video mode.
let prevMode = &"{currWidth}x{currHeight}"
sleep 1000
echo "\nSwitching back to ", prevMode
sleep 2000
discard execProcess("xrandr", "", ["-s", prevMode], nil, {poUsePath})</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
Some possible output:
<pre>Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 32767 x 32767
eDP1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 310mm x 170mm
1920x1080 60.01*+ 59.93
1680x1050 59.95 59.88
1400x1050 59.98
1600x900 60.00 59.95 59.82
1280x1024 60.02
1400x900 59.96 59.88
1280x960 60.00
1368x768 60.00 59.88 59.85
1280x800 59.81 59.91
1280x720 59.86 60.00 59.74
1024x768 60.00
1024x576 60.00 59.90 59.82
960x540 60.00 59.63 59.82
800x600 60.32 56.25
864x486 60.00 59.92 59.57
640x480 59.94
720x405 59.51 60.00 58.99
640x360 59.84 59.32 60.00
HDMI1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
VIRTUAL1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
Switching to 1680x1050
Switching back to 1920x1080</pre>
=={{header|Perl}}==
Same caveats as with
{{trans|
<
my @info = `xrandr -q`;
Line 280 ⟶ 842:
}
system("xrandr -s $current");
print "\rResolution returned to $current.\n";</
=={{header|
<!--<syntaxhighlight lang="phix">(notonline)-->
<span style="color: #008080;">without</span> <span style="color: #008080;">js</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- (system, system_exec, sleep)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">platform</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()=</span><span style="color: #004600;">LINUX</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">{}</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">system_exec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"xrandr -s 640x480"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">sleep</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">{}</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">system_exec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"xrandr -s 1280x960"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- WINDOWS</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">puts</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">""</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- (ensure console exists)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">system</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"mode CON: COLS=40 LINES=25"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">sleep</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">system</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"mode CON: COLS=80 LINES=25"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<!--</syntaxhighlight>-->
Obviously running xrandr -q or mode -? will tell you more.
=={{header|Python}}==
{{libheader|win32api}}
{{libheader|win32con}}
{{libheader|win32pywintypes}}
This program changes the resolution the screen is running at to 640x480.
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">import win32api
import win32con
import pywintypes
devmode=pywintypes.DEVMODEType()
devmode.PelsWidth=640
devmode.PelsHeight=480
devmode.Fields=win32con.DM_PELSWIDTH | win32con.DM_PELSHEIGHT
win32api.ChangeDisplaySettings(devmode,0)</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|QBasic}}==
'''This example is wrong! QBASIC can use EGA/VGA Graphics until SCREEN 13 (320x200 - 256 colors) or SCREEN 12 (640x480 - 16 colors).QBASIC version used: 1.1'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="qbasic">'QBasic can switch VGA modes
SCREEN 18 'Mode 12h 640x480 16 colour graphics</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Raku}}==
(formerly Perl 6)
Raku runs on several different operating systems over many different architectures so can not easily assume direct control over hardware. Instead, like most modern programming languages, it relies on the current OS and windowing system to provide APIs.
Here is an example which will work for most Debian based Linuxs (and probably others) running some variant of X11 with a single active monitor.
Line 289 ⟶ 887:
{{works with|Rakudo|2018.05}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="raku"
@info[0] ~~ /<?after 'current '>(\d+) ' x ' (\d+)/;
Line 304 ⟶ 902:
}
QX("xrandr -s $current");
say "\rResolution returned to {$current}. ";</
=={{header|REXX}}==
Line 341 ⟶ 912:
===version 1: no checking for which OS===
<
parse arg cols lines .
'MODE' "CON: COLS="cols 'LINES='lines
/*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/</
===version 2: checks for which OS===
The prologue code (at the bottom of the program) is a collection of some general-purpose subroutines which determine:
Line 361 ⟶ 932:
All the prologue was left intact to give a general feel of the scope of the boilerplate code.
The prologue code is in many REXX programs and it's easier to keep them on one line for copying purposes and sorting.
<
parse arg !; if !all() then exit /*exit if documentation specified*/
if \!dos & \!os2 then exit /*if this isn't DOS, then exit. */
Line 376 ⟶ 947:
!rex:parse upper version !ver !vernum !verdate .;!brexx='BY'==!vernum;!kexx='KEXX'==!ver;!pcrexx='REXX/PERSONAL'==!ver|'REXX/PC'==!ver;!r4='REXX-R4'==!ver;!regina='REXX-REGINA'==left(!ver,11);!roo='REXX-ROO'==!ver;call !env;return
!sys:!cms=!sys=='CMS';!os2=!sys=='OS2';!tso=!sys=='TSO'|!sys=='MVS';!vse=!sys=='VSE';!dos=pos('DOS',!sys)\==0|pos('WIN',!sys)\==0|!sys=='CMD';call !rex;return
!var:call !fid;if !kexx then return space(dosenv(arg(1)));return space(value(arg(1),,!env))</
=={{header|Ring}}==
<
system("mode 40, 25")
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Scala}}==
{{trans|UNIX Shell}}
{{works with|Ubuntu 14.04}}
<
import java.util.Scanner
Line 411 ⟶ 983:
runSystemCommand("xrandr -s 1366x768")
}</
=={{header|smart BASIC}}==
Line 421 ⟶ 994:
'''EXAMPLE:'''
<
FILL RECT 50,50 SIZE 50
GRAPHICS MODE CLEAR
FILL RECT 50,50 SIZE 25</
=={{header|UNIX Shell}}==
If the system runs X11 and supports XRANDR, then
<syntaxhighlight lang
lists the available modes, and
<syntaxhighlight lang
sets the screen to the given size.
With modern LCD monitors, this feature is not very useful. These monitors have a single best mode, and the X server discovers and uses that mode by default. Smaller screen modes might work, but make a blurry picture.
=={{header|Wren}}==
The ability to call external processes such as ''xrandr'' is expected to be added to Wren-cli in the next release. In the meantime, we embed the following Wren script in a minimal C host (no error checking) to complete this task.
<syntaxhighlight lang="wren">/* Video_display_modes.wren */
class C {
foreign static xrandr(args)
foreign static usleep(usec)
}
// query supported display modes
C.xrandr("-q")
C.usleep(3000)
// change display mode to 1368x768
System.print("\nChanging to 1368 x 768 mode.")
C.xrandr("-s 1368x768")
C.usleep(3000)
// change it back again to 1920x1080
System.print("\nReverting to 1920 x 1080 mode.")
C.xrandr("-s 1920x1080")</syntaxhighlight>
<br>
We now embed this in the following C program, compile and run it.
<syntaxhighlight lang="c">/* gcc Video_display_modes.c -o Video_display_modes -lwren -lm */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "wren.h"
void C_xrandr(WrenVM* vm) {
const char *arg = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 1);
char command[strlen(arg) + 8];
strcpy(command, "xrandr ");
strcat(command, arg);
system(command);
}
void C_usleep(WrenVM* vm) {
useconds_t usec = (useconds_t)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 1);
usleep(usec);
}
WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeignMethod(
WrenVM* vm,
const char* module,
const char* className,
bool isStatic,
const char* signature) {
if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) {
if (strcmp(className, "C") == 0) {
if (isStatic && strcmp(signature, "xrandr(_)") == 0) return C_xrandr;
if (isStatic && strcmp(signature, "usleep(_)") == 0) return C_usleep;
}
}
return NULL;
}
static void writeFn(WrenVM* vm, const char* text) {
printf("%s", text);
}
char *readFile(const char *fileName) {
FILE *f = fopen(fileName, "r");
fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
long fsize = ftell(f);
rewind(f);
char *script = malloc(fsize + 1);
fread(script, 1, fsize, f);
fclose(f);
script[fsize] = 0;
return script;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
WrenConfiguration config;
wrenInitConfiguration(&config);
config.writeFn = &writeFn;
config.bindForeignMethodFn = &bindForeignMethod;
WrenVM* vm = wrenNewVM(&config);
const char* module = "main";
const char* fileName = "Video_display_modes.wren";
char *script = readFile(fileName);
wrenInterpret(vm, module, script);
wrenFreeVM(vm);
free(script);
return 0;
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 16384 x 16384
eDP-1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 193mm
1920x1080 60.01*+ 60.01 59.97 59.96 59.93
1680x1050 59.95 59.88
1600x1024 60.17
1400x1050 59.98
1600x900 59.99 59.94 59.95 59.82
1280x1024 60.02
1440x900 59.89
1400x900 59.96 59.88
1280x960 60.00
1440x810 60.00 59.97
1368x768 59.88 59.85
1360x768 59.80 59.96
1280x800 59.99 59.97 59.81 59.91
1152x864 60.00
1280x720 60.00 59.99 59.86 59.74
1024x768 60.04 60.00
960x720 60.00
928x696 60.05
896x672 60.01
1024x576 59.95 59.96 59.90 59.82
960x600 59.93 60.00
960x540 59.96 59.99 59.63 59.82
800x600 60.00 60.32 56.25
840x525 60.01 59.88
864x486 59.92 59.57
800x512 60.17
700x525 59.98
800x450 59.95 59.82
640x512 60.02
720x450 59.89
700x450 59.96 59.88
640x480 60.00 59.94
720x405 59.51 58.99
684x384 59.88 59.85
680x384 59.80 59.96
640x400 59.88 59.98
576x432 60.06
640x360 59.86 59.83 59.84 59.32
512x384 60.00
512x288 60.00 59.92
480x270 59.63 59.82
400x300 60.32 56.34
432x243 59.92 59.57
320x240 60.05
360x202 59.51 59.13
320x180 59.84 59.32
DP-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI-2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
Changing to 1368 x 768 mode.
Reverting to 1920 x 1080 mode.
</pre>
=={{header|XPL0}}==
<
SetVid(Mode)</
Any display mode supported by the IBM-PC-compatible hardware and by the VGA or VESA standards can be enabled by calling the SetVid intrinsic routine. This works without problem on computers booted into DOS and under versions of Windows up until XP. DOSBox[http://www.dosbox.com/] gets around most of the incompatibilities introduced by WinXP and later versions.
| |||