Creating an Array
In this task, the goal is to create an array. Mention if the array base begins at a number other than zero.
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
ActionScript
// ActionScript arrays are zero-based // // creates an empty array var arr1:Array = new Array(); // creates an array with 3 numerical values var arr2:Array = new Array(1,2,3);
Ada
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
Ada array indices may begin at any value, not just 0 or 1
type Arr is array (Positive range <>) of Integer; Uninitialized : Arr (1 .. 10); Initialized_1 : Arr (1 .. 20) := (others => 1); Initialized_2 : Arr := (1 .. 30 => 2); Const : constant Arr := (1 .. 10 => 1, 11 .. 20 => 2, 21 | 22 => 3); Centered : Arr (-50..50) := (0 => 1, Others => 0);
Ada arrays may be indexed by enumerated types, which are discrete non-numeric types
type Days is (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun); type Activities is (Work, Fish); type Daily_Activities is array(Days) of Activities; This_Week : Daily_Activities := (Mon..Fri => Work, Others => Fish);
AppleScript
AppleScript supports "arrays" as "lists," and they are not limited by a single type.
set array1 to {}
set array2 to {1, 2, 3, 4, "hello", "world"}
BASIC
Interpeter: QuickBasic 4.5, PB 7.1
' $DYNAMIC DIM SHARED myArray(-10 TO 10, 10 TO 30) AS STRING REDIM SHARED myArray(20, 20) AS STRING myArray(1,1) = "Item1" myArray(1,2) = "Item2"
C
Compiler: GCC, MSVC, BCC, Watcom
Libraries: Standard
/* Dynamic */
#include <stdlib.h> /* for malloc */
#include <string.h> /* for memset */
int n = 10 * sizeof(int);
int *myArray = (int*)malloc(n);
if(myArray != NULL)
{
memset(myArray, 0, n);
myArray[0] = 1;
myArray[1] = 2;
free(myArray);
myArray = NULL;
}
/* Static */
int myArray2[10] = { 1, 2, 0}; /* 3..9 := 0 */
C++
Compiler: GCC, Visual C++, BCC, Watcom
Using dynamically-allocated memory:
const int n = 10;
int* myArray = new int[n];
if(myArray != NULL)
{
myArray[0] = 1;
myArray[1] = 2;
delete[] myArray;
myArray = NULL;
}
Using fixed memory:
int myArray2[10] = { 1, 2, 0}; /* 3..9 := 0 */
Libraries: STL
// STL std::vector<int> myArray3(10); myArray3.push_back(1); myArray3.push_back(2);
Libraries: Qt
// Qt QVector<int> myArray4(10); myArray4.push_back(1); myArray4.push_back(2);
Libraries: Microsoft Foundation Classes
// MFC CArray<int,int> myArray5(10); myArray5.Add(1); myArray5.Add(2);
C#
Example of array of 10 int types:
int[] numbers = new int[10];
Example of array of 3 string types:
string[] words = { "these", "are", "arrays" };
You can also declare the size of the array and initialize the values at the same time:
int[] more_numbers = new int[3]{ 21, 14 ,63 };
For Multi-Deminsional arrays you delcare them the same except for a comma in the type declaration.
The following creates a 3x2 int matrix
int[,] number_matrix = new int[3][2];
As with the previous examples you can also initialize the values of the array, the only difference being each row in the matrix must be enclosed in its own braces.
string[,] string_matrix = { {"I","swam"}, {"in","the"}, {"freezing","water"} };
or
string[,] funny_matrix = new string[2][2]{ {"clowns", "are"} , {"not", "funny"} };
ColdFusion
Creates a one-dimensional Array
<cfset arr1 = ArrayNew(1)>
Creates a two-dimensional Array in CFScript
<cfscript> arr2 = ArrayNew(2); </cfscript>
ColdFusion Arrays are NOT zero-based, they begin at index 1
D
// dynamic array int[] numbers = new int[5]; // static array int[5] = [0,1,2,3,4];
IDL
IDL doesn't really distinguish between scalars and arrays - the same operations that can create the one can usually create the other as well.
a = 3
help,a
A INT = 3
print,a^2
9
a = [3,5,8,7]
help,a
A INT = Array[4]
print,a^2
9 25 64 49
Perl
Interpeter: Perl
use vars qw{ @Array };
@Array=(
[0,0,0,0,0,0],
[1,1,1,1,1,1],
[2,2,2,2,2,2],
[3,3,3,3,3,3]
);
#You would call the array by this code. This will call the 3rd 1 on the second list
print $Array[1][3];
# Alternative: my @array_using_qw = qw/coffee sugar cream/;
# Alternative: my @Array3 = (); push @Array3, "Item1"; push @Array3, "Item2"; $Array3[2] = "Item3"; $Array3[3][0] = "Item4";
@Array = ('This', 'That', 'And', 'The', 'Other');
$ArrayRef = ['This', 'That', 'And', 'The', 'Other']; print $ArrayRef->[2]; # would print "And"
PHP
For a single dimension array with 10 elements:
$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) //$array[3] == 3
$array = array("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j") //$array[3] == "c"
For a multi-dimension array:
$array = array(
array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
array(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
array(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2),
array(3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3)
);
#You would call the array by this code. This will call the 3rd 1 on the second list
echo $array[1][3];
Python
Interpeter: Python 2.3, 2.4, 2.5
A Python list() is implemented as a dynamical array.
array = [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2],
[3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]]
You would call the array by this code. This will call the 3rd 1 on the second list:
array[1][3]
Alternatively you can create it programmatically with a list comprehension:
array = [[i]*6 for i in xrange(4)]
Create an empty array:
array = []
Ruby
my_array = Array.new # This is the most basic way to create an empty one-dimensional array in Ruby.
my_array = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 # Ruby treats comma separated values on the right hand side of assignment as array. You could optionally surround the list with square bracks # my_array = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
array = [ [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2], [3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3] ] # You would call the array by this code. This will call the 4th 1 on the second list array[1][3]
# You can also create a sequential array from a range using the 'splat' operator:
array = [*0..3]
# or use the .to_a method for Ranges
array = (0..3).to_a
#=> [0,1,2,3]
# This lets us create the above programmatically:
array = [*0..3].map {|i| [i] * 6}
# or use the .map (.collect which is the same) method for Ranges directly
# note also that arrays of length 6 with a default element are created using Array.new
array = (0..3).map {|i| Array.new(6,i)}
#=> [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2], [3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]]
Scala
val array = new Array[int](10) // a 10 element array
val stringArray = new Array[String](20) // a 20 element string array
List("Elwood", "Madeline", "Archer").toArray
(List(1,2,3) ::: List(4,5,6)).toArray
(1 :: 2 :: 3 :: 4 :: 5 :: Nil).toArray
Java
For example for an array of 10 int values:
int[] intArray = new int[10];
Creating an array of Strings:
String[] s = {"hello" , "World" };
JavaScript
var myArray = new Array();
var myArray2 = new Array("Item1","Item2");
var myArray3 = ["Item1", "Item2"];
MaxScript
Interpreter: 3D Studio Max 8
myArray = #()
myArray2 = #("Item1", "Item2")
mIRC Scripting Language
Interpeter: mIRC Script Editor Libraries: mArray Snippet
alias creatmearray { .echo -a $array_create(MyArray, 5, 10) }
OCaml
Using an array literal:
let array = [| 1; 2; 3; 4; 5 |];;
To create an array of five elements with the value 0:
let num_items = 5 and initial_value = 0;; let array = Array.make num_items initial_value
To create an array with contents defined by passing each index to a callback (in this example, the array is set to the squares of the numbers 0 through 4):
let callback index = index * index;; let array = Array.init 5 callback
Smalltalk
array := Array withAll: #('an' 'apple' 'a' 'day' 'keeps' 'the' 'doctor' 'away').
"Access the first element of the array" elem := array at: 1.
"Replace apple with orange" array at: 2 put: 'orange'.
Visual Basic .NET
Compiler: Visual Basic .NET 2005
Dim myArray() as String = New String() {"Hello", "World", "!"}
VBScript
Dim myArray(2) myArray(0) = "Hello" myArray(1) = "World" myArray(2) = "!"