Talk:Hello world/Graphical

Graphical console?

What is a graphical console? I thought a console is always text mode.
It seems that, again, there are many interpretations of what the task means, because of the vague task specification.
--PauliKL 09:31, 27 October 2008 (UTC)

I changed the description. Is that more clear? --Mwn3d 17:00, 27 October 2008 (UTC)

I guess. But since there are multiple different ways to output the message, I think it should be mentioned in each implementation, where and how the message will appear. --PauliKL 09:19, 28 October 2008 (UTC)

A DOS console can be switched to graphics mode by either playing with x86 ports or calling a BIOS interrupt. Typically, you have the EGA and VGA modes (for instance mode 13h for 320x200, 256 colors, available in QBasic as SCREEN 13), the Mode X undocumented mode or the VESA modes. All of this was extremely common in the 1990s, and was still available in DOS console in OS/2 and 32-bit Windows (up to Windows XP I think). I have not used this directly on hardware for a long time, but it's still possible in virtual machines (for instance FreeDOS in VirtualBox), or simply with DosBox, which emulates graphics modes in a standard graphical window. In graphics mode you typically have nothing except the ability to draw pixels, and you have to rely on libraries (or write you own routines): the Turbo C example I added does not go beyond this. However, it's possible to develop a full-blown GUI application, and this was also typical in the old days, for games as well as more serious programs. There was also the GEM environment, and now the free FreeGEM/OpenGEM. Bastet (talk) 12:00, 24 February 2021 (UTC)

Objective-C

This is the second fragment of Obj-C code that I try to run without success!! :) First, it is not a complete example (copy-pasting and simply compiling won't work...). Ok, I could try to complete the code... I obtained

#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>

int main()
{
NSAlert *alert = [[[NSAlert alloc] init] autorelease];
[alert setMessageText: @"Goodbye, World!"];
[alert runModal];
}

After "several" effort about understanding a NXConstantString vs NSConstantString problem, I succeeded compiling it with

gcc -lobjc -fconstant-string-class=NSConstantString  _box.m -lgnustep-gui -lgnustep-base -o box

but running it, I obtain:

2008-12-09 15:39:11.749 box[9570] autorelease called without pool for object (80cf8c0) of class NSAlert in thread <NSThread: 0x8081690>
Segmentation fault

Ok this is not a place for debugging or what, but shouldn't the given codes work properly?! It seems not to work. --ShinTakezou 14:42, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

I'm guessing that most of the Objective-C samples were written by a Mac OS X/Cocoa developer, since they are the prime users of Objective-C. Perhaps you could prefix the non-working-with-GNUStep examples with the {works with|Cocoa} template? --IanOsgood 17:45, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

Don't know really... I've also a Cocoa/Cocoa.h header, which is just an inclusion of Foundation/Foundation.h and AppKit/AppKit.h, with some more thing... the header stating "Cocoa compatible declarations". So hopely I should be able to do my Cocoa programming under GNU/Linux :D ... The fact is that this example uses just basic language things, and NSAlert, which exist in GNUstep framework, and I believed that such a code should compile and run on my platform. I succeeded compiling, ... if I change the code this way:

#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>

int main()
{
NSAlert *alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
[alert setMessageText: @"Goodbye, World!"];
[alert runModal];
[alert release];
}

the "autorelease called without pool" error is not risen... but a great segmentation fault is the only thing I obtain anyway :(. I need to take a deeper tour on Obj-C on the web; I want it working :) --ShinTakezou 18:59, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

Continuing learning how to develop GNUstep or Cocoa apps (under GNU/Linux), ... now I am (almost) sure that Objective-C example lacks basic stuffs to work! Looking here I know that I can compile and see NSAlert... but the provided code is missing initialization and is usable just by people already knowing how to put altogether full working app with Cocoa/GNUstep in Obj-C. After experimenting, I produced:

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>

int main( int argc, const char *argv[] )
{
  NSApplication *app;
  NSAutoreleasePool *pool;
  
  pool = [NSAutoreleasePool new];
  app = [NSApplication sharedApplication];
  //NSApplicationMain(argc, argv);
  NSAlert *alert = [[NSAlert new] autorelease];
  [alert setMessageText: @"Goodbye, World!"];
  [alert runModal];
}

that still is not working but resolved the autorelease called without pool for object problem allocating the lacking pool... At least... a step beyond... I will continue and when I will find it, I will fix the code... (promise I won't write more here, but I would like the person who put the code to complete it...) --ShinTakezou 21:26, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

When you do come up with workable boilerplate required for using OpenStep/Cocoa, please add it to the Objective-C section of Empty Program. Although one could use Objective-C without the class libraries, in practice nobody does. --IanOsgood 03:46, 10 December 2008 (UTC)

Smalltalk code

The Smalltalk code needs a works with, but I've failed identifying the implementation that can run it (surely it is not GNU Smalltalk). Anybody having an idea about it? --ShinTakezou 22:59, 4 May 2009 (UTC)