Pig the dice game/Player: Difference between revisions
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,condition('D'),'REXX source statement (line' sigl"):", |
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,sourceline(sigl)</lang> |
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This REXX program makes use of '''LINESIZE''' BIF which returns the terminals width (linesize). |
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<br>Some REXXes |
<br>Some REXXes don't have a '''LINESIZE''' BIF, so one is included here ──► [[LINESIZE.REX]]. |
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═══════════════════════════HAL 2 the computer won! ════════════════════════════ |
═══════════════════════════HAL 2 the computer won! ════════════════════════════ |
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</pre> |
</pre> |
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=={{header|Ruby}}== |
=={{header|Ruby}}== |
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<lang ruby> |
<lang ruby> |
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Revision as of 22:28, 18 January 2017
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
- Task
Create a dice simulator and scorer of Pig the dice game and add to it the ability to play the game to at least one strategy.
- State here the play strategies involved.
- Show play during a game here.
As a stretch goal:
- Simulate playing the game a number of times with two players of given strategies and report here summary statistics such as, but not restricted to, the influence of going first or which strategy seems stronger.
- Game Rules
The game of Pig is a multiplayer game played with a single six-sided die. The object of the game is to reach 100 points or more. Play is taken in turns. On each person's turn that person has the option of either
- Rolling the dice: where a roll of two to six is added to their score for that turn and the player's turn continues as the player is given the same choice again; or a roll of 1 loses the player's total points for that turn and their turn finishes with play passing to the next player.
- Holding: The player's score for that round is added to their total and becomes safe from the effects of throwing a one. The player's turn finishes with play passing to the next player.
- Reference
Ada
Uses Ada 2012. Uses the package Pig from Pig the dice game.
We implement parameter-driven strategies. A strategy is defined by two parameters: When the given points in a round reach a Bound these points are collected, else we roll again. But if the other player is very close to winning (less than Final_Run points), we switch to an all-or nothing approach, collecting points until we have won -- or rolled a 1.
The implementation reads five parameters from the command line, in that order: (1) N the number of games to play, (2) the Bound for the first player, (3) the Final_Run for the first player, (4) the Bound for the second player and (5) the Final_Run for the second player. After reading these from the command line (or accepting reasonable defaults), it plays the game N times and counts how often either player wins.
<lang Ada>with Pig; with Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Command_Line;
procedure automatic_Pig is
use Pig;
type Robot is new Actor with record
Bound: Natural := 20;
Final_Run: Natural := 0;
end record;
function Roll_More(A: Robot; Self, Opponent: Player'Class) return Boolean;
function Roll_More(A: Robot; Self, Opponent: Player'Class) return Boolean is
((Self.All_Recent < A.Bound) or
else (Opponent.Score-100 > A.Final_Run));
function Arg(Position: Positive; Default: Natural) return Natural is
package ACL renames Ada.Command_Line;
begin
return Natural'Value(ACL.Argument(Position));
exception
when Constraint_Error => return Default;
end Arg;
T: Robot := (Bound => Arg(2, 35), Final_Run => Arg(3, 0));
F: Robot := (Bound => Arg(4, 20), Final_Run => Arg(5, 30));
T_Wins: Boolean;
Win_Count: array(Boolean) of Natural := (True=> 0, False => 0);
begin
for I in 1 .. Arg(1, 1000) loop
Play(T, F, T_Wins);
Win_Count(T_Wins) := Win_Count(T_Wins) + 1;
end loop;
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line(Natural'Image(Win_Count(True)) &
Natural'Image(Win_Count(False)));
end Automatic_Pig;</lang>
- Output:
The output shows that the (Bound => 25, Final_Run => 25) strategy is just as good as (Bound => 25, Final_Run => 0): whoever is first wins by the same margin:
$ ./automatic_pig 1000000 25 25 25 0 527999 472001 $ ./automatic_pig 1000000 25 0 25 25 527935 472065
AutoHotkey
Strategies are defined at bottom of script.
Requires additional file from Pig the dice game/Player/AutoHotkey <lang autohotkey>#NoEnv SetBatchLines, -1
- SingleInstance, Force
- Include Pig_the_dice_game_Optimal_Play.ahkl ; comment if you don't want to bother
Play:=10000 ; this is enough to give 2 digits of accuracy in win ratio Wins0:=Wins1:=0 Player0(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp) { Return practical(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp) ; set first player function name } Player1(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp) { Return optimal(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp) ; set second player function name }
Loop, % Play { ;Random, FirstPlayer, 0, 1 ; to remove advantage of going first CurrentPlayer := 0 ; set to FirstPlayer to compare same players with different N's Sum0:=Sum1:=0 Loop { OtherPlayer:=!CurrentPlayer If (Sum%CurrentPlayer%+TurnSum < 100 and Player%CurrentPlayer%(TurnSum, Sum%CurrentPlayer%, Sum%OtherPlayer%)) { ; Roll Random, LastRoll, 1, 6 If (LastRoll != 1) { TurnSum += LastRoll Continue } TurnSum := 0 } ; Hold Sum%CurrentPlayer% += TurnSum TurnSum := 0 If (Sum%CurrentPlayer% >= 100) { Wins%CurrentPlayer%++ Break } CurrentPlayer := !CurrentPlayer } } Msgbox % "Player 0 won " Round(Wins0/Play*100,0) "%`nPlayer 1 won " Round(Wins1/Play*100,0) "%"
- Random; 1/N is ~ probablity of holding
Random(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp, N=9) { Random, Roll, 0, N ; increase this last number to increase probability of rolling Return Roll }
- Always roll
Always(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp) { Return 1 }
- Roll N times; N=6 beats all other RollNx players
RollNx(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp, N=6) { Static Roll=0 Return Roll := TurnSum = 0 ? 1 : mod(Roll+1,N+1) }
- Roll if TurnSum < N; N=19 beats all other RollToN players
RollToN(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp, N=19) { Return Roll := TurnSum < N }
- Roll if SumOpp > N or SumMe > N or TurnSum < 21 + (SumOpp - SumMe) / 8
Practical(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp, N=72) { Return Roll := SumOpp > N or SumMe > N or TurnSum < 21+(SumOpp-SumMe)/8 }
- Optimal play per http://cs.gettysburg.edu/~tneller/nsf/pig/pig.pdf
Optimal(TurnSum, SumMe, SumOpp) { Global Optimal Roll := Optimal[SumMe,TurnSum,SumOpp+1] Return Roll = "" ? 1 : Roll }</lang>
- Output:
| First Player win percent | Second Player: |
Always | Random N=9 |
RollNx N=6 |
RollToN N=19 |
Practical N=72 |
Optimal |
| First Player: | |||||||
| Always | 51% | 17% | 12% | 12% | 12% | 12% | |
| Random N=9 |
84% | 52% | 30% | 29% | 27% | 26% | |
| RollNx N=6 |
89% | 74% | 54% | 53% | 49% | 49% | |
| RollToN N=19 |
89% | 76% | 54% | 54% | 49% | 49% | |
| Practical N=72 |
88% | 77% | 58% | 58% | 53% | 53% | |
| Optimal | 88% | 76% | 57% | 57% | 53% | 53% |
C++
The strategies implemented here are pretty simple:
Player 1 is a random player: he chooses a random number between 0 and 9 and if this number is smaller than 5 he'll roll otherwise he holds, unless his round score is zero, in this case he'll roll.
Player 2 always tries to score at least a quarter of the difference between he's current score and MAX_POINTS in a round.
Player 3 always tries to score at least 20 points in a round.
Player 4, just like player 3, always tries to score at least 20 points in a round. But as his round score increases, he gets a little "nervous", what increases the chances that he'll hold.
<lang cpp>
- include <windows.h>
- include <iostream>
- include <string>
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- using namespace std;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- const int PLAYERS = 4, MAX_POINTS = 100;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- enum Moves { ROLL, HOLD };
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class player { public:
player() { current_score = round_score = 0; }
void addCurrScore() { current_score += round_score; }
int getCurrScore() { return current_score; }
int getRoundScore() { return round_score; }
void addRoundScore( int rs ) { round_score += rs; }
void zeroRoundScore() { round_score = 0; }
virtual int getMove() = 0;
virtual ~player() {}
protected:
int current_score, round_score;
}; //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class RAND_Player : public player {
virtual int getMove()
{
if( round_score + current_score >= MAX_POINTS ) return HOLD;
if( rand() % 10 < 5 ) return ROLL; if( round_score > 0 ) return HOLD; return ROLL;
}
}; //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class Q2WIN_Player : public player {
virtual int getMove()
{
if( round_score + current_score >= MAX_POINTS ) return HOLD;
int q = MAX_POINTS - current_score; if( q < 6 ) return ROLL; q /= 4; if( round_score < q ) return ROLL; return HOLD;
}
}; //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class AL20_Player : public player {
virtual int getMove()
{
if( round_score + current_score >= MAX_POINTS ) return HOLD;
if( round_score < 20 ) return ROLL; return HOLD;
}
}; //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class AL20T_Player : public player {
virtual int getMove()
{
if( round_score + current_score >= MAX_POINTS ) return HOLD;
int d = ( 100 * round_score ) / 20; if( round_score < 20 && d < rand() % 100 ) return ROLL; return HOLD;
}
}; //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class Auto_pigGame { public:
Auto_pigGame()
{
_players[0] = new RAND_Player(); _players[1] = new Q2WIN_Player(); _players[2] = new AL20_Player();
_players[3] = new AL20T_Player(); }
~Auto_pigGame()
{
delete _players[0]; delete _players[1]; delete _players[2];
delete _players[3]; }
void play()
{
int die, p = 0; bool endGame = false;
while( !endGame ) { switch( _players[p]->getMove() ) { case ROLL: die = rand() % 6 + 1; if( die == 1 ) { cout << "Player " << p + 1 << " rolled " << die << " - current score: " << _players[p]->getCurrScore() << endl << endl; nextTurn( p ); continue; } _players[p]->addRoundScore( die ); cout << "Player " << p + 1 << " rolled " << die << " - round score: " << _players[p]->getRoundScore() << endl; break; case HOLD: _players[p]->addCurrScore(); cout << "Player " << p + 1 << " holds - current score: " << _players[p]->getCurrScore() << endl << endl; if( _players[p]->getCurrScore() >= MAX_POINTS ) endGame = true; else nextTurn( p );
} } showScore();
}
private:
void nextTurn( int& p )
{
_players[p]->zeroRoundScore(); ++p %= PLAYERS;
}
void showScore()
{
cout << endl; cout << "Player I (RAND): " << _players[0]->getCurrScore() << endl; cout << "Player II (Q2WIN): " << _players[1]->getCurrScore() << endl;
cout << "Player III (AL20): " << _players[2]->getCurrScore() << endl;
cout << "Player IV (AL20T): " << _players[3]->getCurrScore() << endl << endl << endl;
system( "pause" );
}
player* _players[PLAYERS];
}; //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
srand( GetTickCount() ); Auto_pigGame pg; pg.play(); return 0;
} //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- </lang>
- Output:
Player 1 rolled 1 - current score: 0 Player 2 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 2 rolled 1 - current score: 0 Player 3 rolled 3 - round score: 3 Player 3 rolled 5 - round score: 8 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 12 Player 3 rolled 5 - round score: 17 Player 3 rolled 6 - round score: 23 Player 3 holds - current score: 23 Player 4 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 4 rolled 1 - current score: 0 Player 1 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 1 holds - current score: 5 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 6 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 8 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 11 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 13 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 16 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 22 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 28 Player 2 holds - current score: 28 Player 3 rolled 3 - round score: 3 Player 3 rolled 2 - round score: 5 Player 3 rolled 3 - round score: 8 Player 3 rolled 1 - current score: 23 Player 4 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 7 Player 4 rolled 5 - round score: 12 Player 4 rolled 5 - round score: 17 Player 4 holds - current score: 17 Player 1 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 1 holds - current score: 7 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 6 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 9 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 11 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 17 Player 2 rolled 1 - current score: 28 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 4 Player 3 rolled 3 - round score: 7 Player 3 rolled 1 - current score: 23 Player 4 rolled 3 - round score: 3 Player 4 rolled 6 - round score: 9 Player 4 rolled 4 - round score: 13 Player 4 holds - current score: 30 Player 1 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 1 holds - current score: 12 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 8 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 10 Player 2 rolled 1 - current score: 28 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 4 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 8 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 12 Player 3 rolled 2 - round score: 14 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 18 Player 3 rolled 2 - round score: 20 Player 3 holds - current score: 43 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 4 Player 4 rolled 1 - current score: 30 Player 1 rolled 1 - current score: 12 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 4 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 7 Player 2 rolled 2 - round score: 9 Player 2 rolled 1 - current score: 28 Player 3 rolled 6 - round score: 6 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 10 Player 3 rolled 3 - round score: 13 Player 3 rolled 5 - round score: 18 Player 3 rolled 5 - round score: 23 Player 3 holds - current score: 66 Player 4 rolled 3 - round score: 3 Player 4 rolled 1 - current score: 30 Player 1 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 1 holds - current score: 17 Player 2 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 11 Player 2 rolled 5 - round score: 16 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 19 Player 2 holds - current score: 47 Player 3 rolled 1 - current score: 66 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 4 rolled 5 - round score: 7 Player 4 holds - current score: 37 Player 1 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 1 rolled 6 - round score: 8 Player 1 holds - current score: 25 Player 2 rolled 4 - round score: 4 Player 2 rolled 6 - round score: 10 Player 2 rolled 4 - round score: 14 Player 2 holds - current score: 61 Player 3 rolled 4 - round score: 4 Player 3 rolled 6 - round score: 10 Player 3 rolled 2 - round score: 12 Player 3 rolled 5 - round score: 17 Player 3 rolled 6 - round score: 23 Player 3 holds - current score: 89 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 4 holds - current score: 39 Player 1 rolled 6 - round score: 6 Player 1 holds - current score: 31 Player 2 rolled 1 - current score: 61 Player 3 rolled 5 - round score: 5 Player 3 rolled 1 - current score: 89 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 2 Player 4 rolled 2 - round score: 4 Player 4 rolled 3 - round score: 7 Player 4 holds - current score: 46 Player 1 rolled 1 - current score: 31 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 3 Player 2 rolled 3 - round score: 6 Player 2 rolled 4 - round score: 10 Player 2 holds - current score: 71 Player 3 rolled 6 - round score: 6 Player 3 rolled 6 - round score: 12 Player 3 holds - current score: 101 Player I (RAND): 31 Player II (Q2WIN): 71 Player III (AL20): 101 Player IV (AL20T): 46
Common Lisp
Just implemented two strategies. One is actually a variable strategy which holds until a specific value is reached and then turns the dice over. The default value is 25. The other is from "Practical Play of the Dice Game Pig" by ToddW. Neller and Clifton G.M. Presser. Their suggested strategy is "If either player’s score is 71 or higher, roll for the goal. Otherwise, hold at 21 + (j - i) / 8" where j is the other player's score and i is the strategizing player's score. The scoring is handled by generic functions on the player type. <lang lisp>(defclass player ()
((score :initform 0 :accessor score)
(name :initarg :name :accessor name)))
(defun make-player (name)
(make-instance 'player :name name))
(defmethod has-won ((player player))
(>= (score player) 100))
(defclass score-based (player)
((score-base :initarg :score-base :initform 25 :accessor score-base)))
(defun make-score-based (name &optional (base 25))
(make-instance 'score-based :score-base base :name name))
(defmethod roll-again ((player score-based) other turn-score)
(declare (ignorable other)) (< turn-score (score-base player)))
(defclass neller (player) ()) (defun make-neller (name) (make-instance 'neller :name name)) (defmethod roll-again ((player neller) other turn-score)
(let ((other-score (score other)) (my-score (score player)))
(or
(> other-score 71)
(> my-score 71)
(< turn-score (+ 21 (/ (- other-score my-score) 8))))))
(defun query-turn (player other roll added-score)
(format t "~A: Rolled a ~A - Turn: ~A Current Score: ~A Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?" (name player) roll added-score (+ added-score (score player))) (let ((ret (roll-again player other added-score))) (if ret (format t "Y~%") (format t "N~%")) ret))
(defun do-turns (player other)
(do ((new-score 0)
(take-turn t))
((not take-turn) (setf (score player) (+ (score player) new-score)))
(let ((roll (+ 1 (random 6))))
(cond
((>= (+ (score player) roll new-score) 100)
(format t "~A rolls a ~A and WINS!~%" (name player) roll)
(setf new-score (+ new-score roll))
(setf take-turn nil))
((eql 1 roll)
(format t "Ooh! Sorry - ~A rolled a 1 and busted!~%" (name player))
(setf new-score 0)
(setf take-turn nil))
(t
(setf new-score (+ new-score roll))
(setf take-turn (query-turn player other roll new-score)))))))
(defun play-pig-winner (p1 p2)
(do* ((otherplayer p2 curplayer)
(curplayer p1 (if (eql curplayer p1) p2 p1)))
((has-won otherplayer) otherplayer)
(do-turns curplayer otherplayer)))
(defun play-pig-player (player1 player2)
(catch 'quit (format t "Hooray! ~A won the game!"</lang>
Output: <lang>Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 4 Current Score: 4 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 7 Current Score: 7 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 10 Current Score: 10 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Marvin: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 3 Current Score: 3 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 9 Current Score: 9 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 12 Current Score: 12 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 16 Current Score: 16 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 2 Current Score: 2 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 6 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Marvin: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 3 Current Score: 3 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 5 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 3 Current Score: 3 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 5 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 6 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 11 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 13 Current Score: 13 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 5 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 11 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 14 Current Score: 14 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 16 Current Score: 16 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 19 Current Score: 19 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 21 Current Score: 21 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 26 Current Score: 26 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?N Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 3 Current Score: 3 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 5 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 6 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 8 Current Score: 8 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 11 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 17 Current Score: 17 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 20 Current Score: 20 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 23 Current Score: 23 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 28 Current Score: 28 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?N Marvin: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 32 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 37 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 34 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 39 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 17 Current Score: 45 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 21 Current Score: 49 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?N Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 31 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 8 Current Score: 34 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 13 Current Score: 39 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 18 Current Score: 44 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 23 Current Score: 49 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 28 Current Score: 54 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?N Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 55 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 60 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 17 Current Score: 66 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 55 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 60 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 15 Current Score: 64 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 20 Current Score: 69 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Marvin: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 2 Current Score: 56 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 7 Current Score: 61 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 65 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 16 Current Score: 70 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 18 Current Score: 72 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Marvin: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 60 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 4 Current Score: 53 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 10 Current Score: 59 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 16 Current Score: 65 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 18 Current Score: 67 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 22 Current Score: 71 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?N Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 59 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 10 Current Score: 64 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 15 Current Score: 69 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 21 Current Score: 75 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Marvin: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 25 Current Score: 79 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?N Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 2 Current Score: 73 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 6 Current Score: 77 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 8 Current Score: 79 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 11 Current Score: 82 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 15 Current Score: 86 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Darrell rolled a 1 and busted! Marvin: Rolled a 4 - Turn: 4 Current Score: 83 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Ooh! Sorry - Marvin rolled a 1 and busted! Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 5 Current Score: 76 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 8 Current Score: 79 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 5 - Turn: 13 Current Score: 84 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 3 - Turn: 16 Current Score: 87 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 6 - Turn: 22 Current Score: 93 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 24 Current Score: 95 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell: Rolled a 2 - Turn: 26 Current Score: 97 Keep rolling (Y, N or Q)?Y Darrell rolls a 3 and WINS! Hooray! Darrell won the game! NIL</lang>
D
<lang d>import std.stdio, std.random;
enum nPlayers = 4, maxPoints = 100;
enum Moves { roll, hold }
abstract class Player {
public:
final void addCurrScore() pure nothrow {
current_score += round_score;
}
final int getCurrScore() const pure nothrow {
return current_score;
}
final int getRoundScore() const pure nothrow {
return round_score;
}
final void addRoundScore(in int rs) pure nothrow {
round_score += rs;
}
final void zeroRoundScore() pure nothrow {
round_score = 0;
}
Moves getMove();
protected int current_score, round_score;
}
final class PlayerRand: Player {
override Moves getMove() {
if (round_score + current_score >= maxPoints)
return Moves.hold;
if (uniform(0, 2) == 0)
return Moves.roll;
if (round_score > 0)
return Moves.hold;
return Moves.roll;
}
}
final class PlayerQ2Win: Player {
override Moves getMove() {
if (round_score + current_score >= maxPoints)
return Moves.hold;
int q = maxPoints - current_score;
if (q < 6)
return Moves.roll;
q /= 4;
if (round_score < q)
return Moves.roll;
return Moves.hold;
}
}
final class PlayerAL20: Player {
override Moves getMove() {
if (round_score + current_score >= maxPoints)
return Moves.hold;
if (round_score < 20)
return Moves.roll;
return Moves.hold;
}
}
final class PlayerAL20T: Player {
override Moves getMove() {
if (round_score + current_score >= maxPoints)
return Moves.hold;
immutable d = (100 * round_score) / 20;
if (round_score < 20 && d < uniform(0, 100))
return Moves.roll;
return Moves.hold;
}
}
void main() {
auto players = [new PlayerRand, new PlayerQ2Win,
new PlayerAL20, new PlayerAL20T];
void nextTurn(ref uint p) nothrow {
players[p].zeroRoundScore;
p = (p + 1) % nPlayers;
}
uint p = 0; bool endGame = false;
while (!endGame) {
final switch (players[p].getMove) {
case Moves.roll:
immutable die = uniform(1, 7);
if (die == 1) {
writeln("Player ", p + 1, " rolled ", die,
" - current score: ",
players[p].getCurrScore, "\n");
nextTurn(p);
continue;
}
players[p].addRoundScore(die);
writeln("Player ", p + 1, " rolled ", die,
" - round score: ",
players[p].getRoundScore);
break;
case Moves.hold:
players[p].addCurrScore;
writeln("Player ", p + 1,
" holds - current score: ",
players[p].getCurrScore, "\n");
if (players[p].getCurrScore >= maxPoints)
endGame = true;
else
nextTurn(p);
} }
writeln;
writeln("Player I (Rand): ", players[0].getCurrScore);
writeln("Player II (Q2Win): ", players[1].getCurrScore);
writeln("Player III (AL20): ", players[2].getCurrScore);
writeln("Player IV (AL20T): ", players[3].getCurrScore, "\n\n");
}</lang>
The output is similar to the C++ entry.
Erlang
Four players take turns starting. Their strategy is how long to wait before holding. They aim for 5, 10, 15 and 20 rolls. Player20 managed better than I thought it would. <lang Erlang> -module( pig_dice_player ).
-export( [task/0] ).
task() ->
Goal = pig_dice:goal(),
Players_holds = [{"Player"++ erlang:integer_to_list(X), X} || X <- [5, 10, 15, 20]],
Fun = fun ({Player, Total}, Dict) when Total >= Goal -> dict:update_counter( Player, 1, Dict );
(_Player_total, Dict) -> Dict
end,
Dict = lists:foldl( Fun, dict:new(), task_play(Players_holds, Goal, []) ),
display( dict:to_list(Dict) ).
display( Results ) ->
[{Name, Total} | Rest] = lists:reverse( lists:keysort(2, Results) ),
io:fwrite( "Winner is ~p with total of ~p wins~n", [Name, Total] ),
io:fwrite( "Then follows: " ),
[io:fwrite("~p with ~p~n", [N, T]) || {N, T} <- Rest].
is_goal_reached( Score, Player, Goal, Player, Game ) ->
Score + proplists:get_value(Player, pig_dice:players_totals(Game)) >= Goal;
is_goal_reached( _Score, _Other_player, _Goal, _Player, _Game ) -> false.
loop( Hold, Hold, Goal, Player, Game ) ->
pig_dice:hold( Player, Game ), loop( 1, Hold, Goal, Player, Game );
loop( N, Hold, Goal, Player, Game ) ->
loop_await_my_turn( pig_dice:player_name(Game), Player, Game ), pig_dice:roll( Player, Game ), Is_goal_reached = is_goal_reached( pig_dice:score(Game), pig_dice:player_name(Game), Goal, Player, Game ), loop_done( Is_goal_reached, N, Hold, Goal, Player, Game ).
loop_await_my_turn( Player, Player, _Game ) -> ok; loop_await_my_turn( _Other, Player, Game ) -> loop_await_my_turn( pig_dice:player_name(Game), Player, Game ).
loop_done( true, _N, _Hold, _Goal, Player, Game ) -> pig_dice:hold( Player, Game ); loop_done( false, N, Hold, Goal, Player, Game ) -> loop( N + 1, Hold, Goal, Player, Game ).
rotate( [H | T] ) -> T ++ [H].
task_play( Players_holds, _Goal, Acc ) when erlang:length(Players_holds) =:= erlang:length(Acc) -> lists:flatten( Acc ); task_play( Players_holds, Goal, Acc ) ->
Results = [task_play_n(Players_holds, Goal) || _X <- lists:seq(1, 100)], task_play( rotate(Players_holds), Goal, [Results | Acc] ).
task_play_n( Players_holds, Goal ) ->
Game = pig_dice:game( [X || {X, _Y} <- Players_holds] ),
Pids = [erlang:spawn(fun() -> loop(1, Y, Goal, X, Game) end) || {X, Y} <- Players_holds],
receive
{pig, Result, Game} ->
[erlang:exit(X, kill) || X <- [Game | Pids]],
Result end.
</lang>
- Output:
115> pig_dice_player:task(). Winner is "Player10" with total of 121 wins Then follows: "Player15" with 120 "Player20" with 85 "Player5" with 74
Go
<lang go>package pig
import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "time" )
type ( PlayerID int MessageID int StrategyID int
PigGameData struct { player PlayerID turnCount int turnRollCount int turnScore int lastRoll int scores [2]int verbose bool } )
const ( // Status messages gameOver = iota piggedOut rolls pointSpending holds turn gameOverSummary // Players player1 = PlayerID(0) player2 = PlayerID(1) noPlayer = PlayerID(-1) // Max score maxScore = 100 // Strategies scoreChaseStrat = iota rollCountStrat )
// Returns "s" if n != 1 func pluralS(n int) string { if n != 1 { return "s" } return "" }
// Creates an intializes a new PigGameData structure, returns a *PigGameData func New() *PigGameData { return &PigGameData{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, [2]int{0, 0}, false} }
// Create a status message for a given message ID func (pg *PigGameData) statusMessage(id MessageID) string { var msg string switch id { case gameOver: msg = fmt.Sprintf("Game is over after %d turns", pg.turnCount) case piggedOut: msg = fmt.Sprintf(" Pigged out after %d roll%s", pg.turnRollCount, pluralS(pg.turnRollCount)) case rolls: msg = fmt.Sprintf(" Rolls %d", pg.lastRoll) case pointSpending: msg = fmt.Sprintf(" %d point%s pending", pg.turnScore, pluralS(pg.turnScore)) case holds: msg = fmt.Sprintf(" Holds after %d turns, adding %d points for a total of %d", pg.turnRollCount, pg.turnScore, pg.PlayerScore(noPlayer)) case turn: msg = fmt.Sprintf("Player %d's turn:", pg.player+1) case gameOverSummary: msg = fmt.Sprintf("Game over after %d turns\n player 1 %d\n player 2 %d\n", pg.turnCount, pg.PlayerScore(player1), pg.PlayerScore(player2)) } return msg }
// Print a status message, if pg.Verbose is true func (pg *PigGameData) PrintStatus(id MessageID) { if pg.verbose { fmt.Println(pg.statusMessage(id)) } }
// Play a given strategy func (pg *PigGameData) Play(id StrategyID) (keepPlaying bool) { if pg.GameOver() { pg.PrintStatus(gameOver) return false }
if pg.turnCount == 0 { pg.player = player2 pg.NextPlayer() }
pg.lastRoll = rand.Intn(6) + 1 pg.PrintStatus(rolls) pg.turnRollCount++ if pg.lastRoll == 1 { pg.PrintStatus(piggedOut) pg.NextPlayer() } else { pg.turnScore += pg.lastRoll pg.PrintStatus(pointSpending) success := false switch id { case scoreChaseStrat: success = pg.scoreChaseStrategy() case rollCountStrat: success = pg.rollCountStrategy() } if success { pg.Hold() pg.NextPlayer() } } return true }
// Get the score for a given player func (pg *PigGameData) PlayerScore(id PlayerID) int { if id == noPlayer { return pg.scores[pg.player] } return pg.scores[id] }
// Check if the game is over func (pg *PigGameData) GameOver() bool { return pg.scores[player1] >= maxScore || pg.scores[player2] >= maxScore }
// Returns the Player ID if there is a winner, or -1 func (pg *PigGameData) Winner() PlayerID { for index, score := range pg.scores { if score >= maxScore { return PlayerID(index) } } return noPlayer }
// Get the ID of the other player func (pg *PigGameData) otherPlayer() PlayerID { // 0 becomes 1, 1 becomes 0 return 1 - pg.player }
func (pg *PigGameData) Hold() { pg.scores[pg.player] += pg.turnScore pg.PrintStatus(holds) pg.turnRollCount, pg.turnScore = 0, 0 }
func (pg *PigGameData) NextPlayer() { pg.turnCount++ pg.turnRollCount, pg.turnScore = 0, 0 pg.player = pg.otherPlayer() pg.PrintStatus(turn) }
func (pg *PigGameData) rollCountStrategy() bool { return pg.turnRollCount >= 3 }
func (pg *PigGameData) scoreChaseStrategy() bool { myScore := pg.PlayerScore(pg.player) otherScore := pg.PlayerScore(pg.otherPlayer()) myPendingScore := pg.turnScore + myScore return myPendingScore >= maxScore || myPendingScore > otherScore || pg.turnRollCount >= 5 }
// Run the simulation func main() { // Seed the random number generator rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
// Start a new game pg := New() pg.verbose = true strategies := [2]StrategyID{scoreChaseStrat, rollCountStrat}
// Play until game over for !pg.GameOver() { pg.Play(strategies[pg.player]) } pg.PrintStatus(gameOverSummary) }</lang> Sample run, player one just tries to keep ahead, while player two always tries to take three rolls, no more.
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Holds after 1 turns, adding 4 points for a total of 4
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 2 rolls
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 6
6 points pending
Holds after 1 turns, adding 6 points for a total of 10
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 6
6 points pending
Rolls 3
9 points pending
Rolls 4
13 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 13 points for a total of 13
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Holds after 1 turns, adding 4 points for a total of 14
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Rolls 6
10 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 3 rolls
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Holds after 1 turns, adding 4 points for a total of 18
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 3
3 points pending
Rolls 4
7 points pending
Rolls 2
9 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 9 points for a total of 22
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 2
2 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 2 rolls
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 1 roll
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 2 rolls
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 5
5 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 2 rolls
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 5
5 points pending
Holds after 1 turns, adding 5 points for a total of 23
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 5
5 points pending
Rolls 4
9 points pending
Rolls 4
13 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 13 points for a total of 35
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 1 roll
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 3
3 points pending
Rolls 3
6 points pending
Rolls 2
8 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 8 points for a total of 43
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 1 roll
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 6
6 points pending
Rolls 4
10 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 3 rolls
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 2 rolls
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 2
2 points pending
Rolls 4
6 points pending
Rolls 2
8 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 8 points for a total of 51
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 1
Pigged out after 1 roll
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Rolls 2
6 points pending
Rolls 3
9 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 9 points for a total of 60
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 2
2 points pending
Rolls 6
8 points pending
Rolls 3
11 points pending
Rolls 6
17 points pending
Rolls 4
21 points pending
Holds after 5 turns, adding 21 points for a total of 44
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 4
4 points pending
Rolls 2
6 points pending
Rolls 3
9 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 9 points for a total of 69
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 6
6 points pending
Rolls 5
11 points pending
Rolls 6
17 points pending
Rolls 5
22 points pending
Rolls 4
26 points pending
Holds after 5 turns, adding 26 points for a total of 70
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 5
5 points pending
Rolls 4
9 points pending
Rolls 2
11 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 11 points for a total of 80
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 6
6 points pending
Rolls 6
12 points pending
Holds after 2 turns, adding 12 points for a total of 82
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 2
2 points pending
Rolls 3
5 points pending
Rolls 3
8 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 8 points for a total of 88
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 5
5 points pending
Rolls 2
7 points pending
Holds after 2 turns, adding 7 points for a total of 89
Player 2's turn:
Rolls 3
3 points pending
Rolls 2
5 points pending
Rolls 5
10 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 10 points for a total of 98
Player 1's turn:
Rolls 6
6 points pending
Rolls 3
9 points pending
Rolls 6
15 points pending
Holds after 3 turns, adding 15 points for a total of 104
Player 2's turn:
Game over after 32 turns
player 1 104
player 2 98
Haskell
Implemented 4 strategies:
- player1 always rolls until he gets 20 or more - player2 always rolls four times - player3 rolls three times until she gets more than 60 points, then she rolls until she gets 20 or more - player4 rolls 3/4 of the time, 1/4 he holds, but if he gets a score more than 75 he goes for the win
<lang Haskell> {-# LANGUAGE ViewPatterns #-}
module Main where
import System.Random (randomRIO) import Text.Printf (printf)
data PInfo = PInfo { stack :: Int
, score :: Int
, rolls :: Int
, next :: Bool
, won :: Bool
, name :: String
}
type Strategy = [PInfo] -> IO ()
roll :: [PInfo] -> IO [PInfo] roll (pinfo:xs) = do
face <- randomRIO (1, 6)
case (face, face + stack pinfo + score pinfo) of
(1,_) -> do
printf "%s rolled 1 - stack is being resetted\n\n" (name pinfo)
return $ pinfo { stack = 0, rolls = 0, next = True } : xs
(_,x) | x >= 100 -> do
printf "%s rolled %i - stack is now %i + score %i => %i - I won!\n" (name pinfo) face (face + stack pinfo) (score pinfo) x
return $ pinfo { won = True } : xs
(_,_) -> do
printf "%s rolled %i - stack is now %i\n" (name pinfo) face (face + (stack pinfo))
return $ pinfo { stack = face + (stack pinfo), rolls = 1 + (rolls pinfo) } : xs
hold :: [PInfo] -> IO [PInfo] hold (pinfo:xs) = do
let score' = stack pinfo + score pinfo
printf "%s holds - score is now %i\n\n" (name pinfo) score'
return $ pinfo { score = score', stack = 0, rolls = 0, next = True } : xs
logic :: Strategy -> Strategy -> Strategy
logic _ _ ((won -> True) : xs) = return ()
logic _ strat2 (p@(next -> True) : xs) = strat2 $ xs ++ [p { next = False }]
logic strat1 _ (pinfo : xs) = strat1 (pinfo : xs)
strat1 :: Strategy strat1 (pinfo:xs)
| stack pinfo < 20 = roll (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat1 strat2 | otherwise = hold (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat1 strat2
strat2 :: Strategy strat2 (pinfo:xs)
| rolls pinfo < 4 = roll (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat2 strat3 | otherwise = hold (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat2 strat3
strat3 :: Strategy strat3 (pinfo:xs)
| rolls pinfo < 3 && score pinfo < 60 = roll (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat3 strat4 | stack pinfo < 20 = roll (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat3 strat4 | otherwise = hold (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat3 strat4
strat4 :: Strategy strat4 (pinfo:xs) | score pinfo > 75 = roll (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat4 strat1 strat4 (pinfo:xs) = do
chance <- randomRIO (0, 3) :: IO Int
case chance of
0 -> hold (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat4 strat1
_ -> roll (pinfo:xs) >>= logic strat4 strat1
main :: IO () main = do
let pInfo = PInfo 0 0 0 False False ""
p1 = pInfo { name = "Peter" }
p2 = pInfo { name = "Mia" }
p3 = pInfo { name = "Liz" }
p4 = pInfo { name = "Stephen" }
strat1 [p1, p2, p3, p4]
</lang>
Example output:
Peter rolled 5 - stack is now 5 Peter rolled 5 - stack is now 10 Peter rolled 4 - stack is now 14 Peter rolled 6 - stack is now 20 Peter holds - score is now 20 Mia rolled 4 - stack is now 4 Mia rolled 1 - stack is being resetted Liz rolled 4 - stack is now 4 Liz rolled 6 - stack is now 10 Liz rolled 4 - stack is now 14 Liz rolled 3 - stack is now 17 Liz rolled 3 - stack is now 20 Liz holds - score is now 20 Stephen rolled 6 - stack is now 6 Stephen rolled 1 - stack is being resetted Peter rolled 3 - stack is now 3 Peter rolled 6 - stack is now 9 ... Stephen rolled 1 - stack is being resetted Peter rolled 4 - stack is now 4 Peter rolled 2 - stack is now 6 Peter rolled 5 - stack is now 11 Peter rolled 2 - stack is now 13 Peter rolled 5 - stack is now 18 Peter rolled 6 - stack is now 24 Peter holds - score is now 87 Mia rolled 5 - stack is now 5 Mia rolled 1 - stack is being resetted Liz rolled 3 - stack is now 3 Liz rolled 1 - stack is being resetted Stephen rolled 6 - stack is now 6 Stephen rolled 2 - stack is now 8 Stephen rolled 5 - stack is now 13 Stephen rolled 4 - stack is now 17 Stephen holds - score is now 43 Peter rolled 4 - stack is now 4 Peter rolled 2 - stack is now 6 Peter rolled 5 - stack is now 11 Peter rolled 6 - stack is now 17 + score 87 => 104 - I won!
To test the distribution by yourself (in parallel):
<lang Haskell>
-- add this to the top import Control.Concurrent.ParallelIO.Global (parallel, stopGlobalPool) import Data.List (sort, group)
-- replace "logic _ _ ((won -> True) : xs) = return ()" with
logic _ _ (p@(won -> True) : xs) = return $ name p
-- replace strat1 [p1, p2, p3, p4] in main with
let lists = replicate 100000 [p1, p2, p3, p4] results <- parallel $ map strat1 lists stopGlobalPool print $ map length $ group $ sort results
-- replace type Strategy = [PInfo] -> IO () with
type Strategy = [PInfo] -> IO String
-- comment every printf in "roll" and "hold"
-- compile with -- ghc FILENAME.hs -O2 -threaded -with-rtsopts="-N4" -o dice
</lang>
Distribution:
Strat1 = 31878 => ~ 32% Strat2 = 21953 => ~ 22% Strat3 = 39022 => ~ 39% Strat4 = 7147 => ~ 7% out of 100 000 tests.
Java
This is a full implementation of pig dice with 4 built in bots. Their behavior can easily be modified and additional bots can be added as well.
This is the main file, Pigdice.java <lang Java>import java.util.Scanner;
public class Pigdice {
public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); int players = 0;
//Validate the input while(true) { //Get the number of players System.out.println("Hello, welcome to Pig Dice the game! How many players? "); if(scan.hasNextInt()) {
//Gotta be more than 0 int nextInt = scan.nextInt(); if(nextInt > 0) { players = nextInt; break; } } else { System.out.println("That wasn't an integer. Try again. \n"); scan.next(); } } System.out.println("Alright, starting with " + players + " players. \n");
//Start the game play(players, scan);
scan.close(); }
public static void play(int group, Scanner scan) { //Set the number of strategies available. final int STRATEGIES = 5;
//Construct the dice- accepts an int as an arg for number of sides, but defaults to 6. Dice dice = new Dice();
//Create an array of players and initialize them to defaults. Player[] players = new Player[group]; for(int count = 0; count < group; count++) { players[count] = new Player(count); System.out.println("Player " + players[count].getNumber() + " is alive! "); }
/*****Print strategy options here. Modify Player.java to add strategies. *****/ System.out.println("Each strategy is numbered 0 - " + (STRATEGIES - 1) + ". They are as follows: "); System.out.println(">> Enter '0' for a human player. "); System.out.println(">> Strategy 1 is a basic strategy where the AI rolls until 20+ points and holds unless the current max is 75+."); System.out.println(">> Strategy 2 is a basic strategy where the AI, after 3 successful rolls, will randomly decide to roll or hold. "); System.out.println(">> Strategy 3 is similar to strategy 2, except it's a little gutsier and will attempt 5 successful rolls. "); System.out.println(">> Strategy 4 is like a mix between strategies 1 and 3. After turn points are >= 20 and while max points are still less than 75, it will randomly hold or roll. ");
//Get the strategy for each player for(Player player : players) { System.out.println("\nWhat strategy would you like player " + player.getNumber() + " to use? ");
//Validate the strategy is a real strategy. while(true) { if(scan.hasNextInt()) { int nextInt = scan.nextInt(); if (nextInt < Strategy.STRATEGIES.length) { player.setStrategy(Strategy.STRATEGIES[nextInt]); break; } } else { System.out.println("That wasn't an option. Try again. "); scan.next(); } } }
//Here is where the rules for the game are programmatically defined. int max = 0; while(max < 100) {
//Begin the round for(Player player : players) { System.out.println(">> Beginning Player " + player.getNumber() + "'s turn. ");
//Set the points for the turn to 0 player.setTurnPoints(0);
//Determine whether the player chooses to roll or hold. player.setMax(max); while(true) { Move choice = player.choose(); if(choice == Move.ROLL) { int roll = dice.roll(); System.out.println(" A " + roll + " was rolled. "); player.setTurnPoints(player.getTurnPoints() + roll);
//Increment the player's built in iterator. player.incIter();
//If the player rolls a 1, their turn is over and they gain 0 points this round. if(roll == 1) { player.setTurnPoints(0); break; } } //Check if the player held or not. else { System.out.println(" The player has held. "); break; } }
//End the turn and add any accumulated points to the player's pool. player.addPoints(player.getTurnPoints()); System.out.println(" Player " + player.getNumber() + "'s turn is now over. Their total is " + player.getPoints() + ". \n");
//Reset the player's built in iterator. player.resetIter();
//Update the max score if necessary. if(max < player.getPoints()) { max = player.getPoints(); }
//If someone won, stop the game and announce the winner. if(max >= 100) { System.out.println("Player " + player.getNumber() + " wins with " + max + " points! End scores: ");
//Announce the final scores. for(Player p : players) { System.out.println("Player " + p.getNumber() + " had " + p.getPoints() + " points. "); } break; } } }
}
}</lang>
This is the Player.java class file. <lang Java>public class Player {
private int points = 0; private int turnPoints = 0; private Strategy strategy = null; private int max = 0; private int number; private int iter = 0;
public Player(int val) { number = val; }
public int getPoints() { return points; } public int getTurnPoints() { return turnPoints; } public int getMax() { return max; } public int getNumber() { return number; } public int getIter() { return iter; } public void addPoints(int val) { points += val; } public void setTurnPoints(int val) { turnPoints = val; } public void setStrategy(Strategy strat) { strategy = strat; } public void setMax(int val) { max = val; } public void setNumber(int val) { number = val; } public void resetIter() { iter = 0; } public void incIter() { iter++; } public void aiIntro() { System.out.println(" Player " + getNumber() + "'s turn points are " + getTurnPoints() + ". Their total is " + getPoints() + ". "); System.out.println(" The max points any player currently has is " + getMax() + ". "); } public Move choose() { return strategy.choose(this); }
}</lang>
This is the Move.java class file. <lang Java>public enum Move { ROLL, HOLD }</lang>
This is the Strategy.java class file. <lang Java>import java.util.Scanner;
public interface Strategy {
Move choose(Player player);
static final Scanner str = new Scanner(System.in); static final Dice die = new Dice(2); static final int ROOF = 75; static final int FLOOR = 20; static final int BASEMENT = 10;
/*****MODIFY THIS AREA TO MODIFY THE STRATEGIES*****/ //Determine whether to roll or hold based on the strategy for this player. public static final Strategy[] STRATEGIES = {
//Strategy 0 is a user-defined strategy player -> { System.out.println(" Your turn points are " + player.getTurnPoints() + ". Your total is " + player.getPoints() + ". "); System.out.println(" The max points any player currently has is " + player.getMax() + ". (H)old or (R)oll?"); System.out.println(" Enter 'h' to hold and 'r' to roll. "); while(true) { String input = null; if(str.hasNextLine()) { input = str.nextLine(); } if(input.contains("r")) { return Move.ROLL; } else if(input.contains("h")) { return Move.HOLD; } else { System.out.println(" Enter an h or an r. \n"); System.out.println(input); } } },
//Strategy 1 is a basic strategy where the AI rolls until 20+ points and holds unless the current max is 75+. player -> { player.aiIntro(); if(player.getTurnPoints() < FLOOR || player.getMax() >= ROOF) { if(player.getTurnPoints() >= (100 - player.getPoints())) { return Move.HOLD; } else { return Move.ROLL; } } else { return Move.HOLD; } },
//Strategy 2 is a basic strategy where the AI, after 3 successful rolls, will randomly decide to roll or hold. player -> { player.aiIntro(); if(player.getPoints() == 0 && player.getTurnPoints() >= (BASEMENT / 2)) { return Move.HOLD; } if(player.getIter() > 3) { int roll = die.roll();
if(roll == 1) { return Move.HOLD; } else { return Move.ROLL; } } else { return Move.ROLL; } },
//Strategy 3 is similar to strategy 2, except it's a little gutsier and will attempt 5 successful rolls. player -> { player.aiIntro(); if(player.getIter() > 5) { int roll = die.roll();
if(roll == 1) { return Move.HOLD; } else { return Move.ROLL; } } else if(player.getPoints() < BASEMENT && player.getTurnPoints() > BASEMENT) { return Move.HOLD; } else { return Move.ROLL; } },
/*Strategy 4 is like a mix between strategies 1 and 3. After turn points are >= 20 and while max points are still less than 75, it will randomly hold or roll. Unless their total is zero, in which case they'll hold at 10 points. */ player -> { player.aiIntro(); if(player.getPoints() == 0 && player.getTurnPoints() >= (BASEMENT / 2)) { return Move.HOLD; } else if(player.getTurnPoints() < FLOOR || player.getMax() >= ROOF) { if(player.getTurnPoints() >= (100 - player.getPoints())) { return Move.HOLD; } else { return Move.ROLL; } } else if(player.getTurnPoints() > FLOOR && player.getMax() <= ROOF) { int roll = die.roll();
if(roll == 1) { return Move.HOLD; } else { return Move.ROLL; } } else { return Move.HOLD; } } };
}</lang>
And finally, this is the Dice.java class file. It's pretty self-explanatory. <lang Java>import java.util.Random;
public class Dice { Random rand = new Random(); int sides; Dice(int numSides) { sides = numSides; } Dice() { sides = 6; } int roll() { return rand.nextInt(sides) + 1; } }</lang>
Here's a small sample output using only bots (even though it fully supports human players too). A full game simulation can obviously be MUCH longer.
Hello, welcome to Pig Dice the game! How many players? 4 Alright, starting with 4 players. Player 0 is alive! Player 1 is alive! Player 2 is alive! Player 3 is alive! Each strategy is numbered 0 - 4. They are as follows: >> Enter '0' for a human player. >> Strategy 1 is a basic strategy where the AI rolls until 20+ points and holds unless the current max is 75+. >> Strategy 2 is a basic strategy where the AI, after 3 successful rolls, will randomly decide to roll or hold. >> Strategy 3 is similar to strategy 2, except it's a little gutsier and will attempt 5 successful rolls. >> Strategy 4 is like a mix between strategies 1 and 3. After turn points are >= 20 and while max points are still less than 75, it will randomly hold or roll. What strategy would you like player 0 to use? 1 What strategy would you like player 1 to use? 2 What strategy would you like player 2 to use? 3 What strategy would you like player 3 to use? 4 >> Beginning Player 0's turn. Player 0's turn points are 0. Their total is 0. The max points any player currently has is 0. A 4 was rolled. Player 0's turn points are 4. Their total is 0. The max points any player currently has is 0. A 4 was rolled. Player 0's turn points are 8. Their total is 0. The max points any player currently has is 0. A 1 was rolled. Player 0's turn is now over. Their total is 0. >> Beginning Player 1's turn. ... ... *SNIP* ... ... Player 3 wins with 102 points! End scores: Player 0 had 20 points. Player 1 had 73 points. Player 2 had 66 points. Player 3 had 102 points.
J
This is a partial implementation of the current task.
This is a routine to estimate the value of rolling, given the current total of rolls which the player is building (left argument) and the current total of rolls which are a permanent part of the player's score (right argument).
If the expected value is positive, it's probably in the best interest of the player to take the roll. That said, a more sophisticated strategy might play cautiously when a player is sufficiently ahead of the other player(s). <lang j>pigval=:4 :0
(+/%#)(-x),}.(1+i.6)<.100-y+x
)</lang> Examples: <lang j> 10 pigval 90 _1.66667</lang> If we have 10 points from our current rolls and have 90 permanent points, rolling again is a bad idea. <lang j> 0 5 10 15 20 pigval"0/60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
3.33333 3.33333 3.33333 3.33333 3.33333 3.33333 3.33333 3.16667 0
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.33333 _0.833333 _5
1.66667 1.66667 1.66667 1.66667 1.66667 1.5 _1.66667 _5.83333 _10
0.833333 0.833333 0.833333 0.833333 0.666667 _2.5 _6.66667 _10.8333 _15
0 0 0 _0.166667 _3.33333 _7.5 _11.6667 _15.8333 _20</lang>
If we have 70 permanent points (or less) we should probably re-roll when our uncommitted rolls total to less than 20. <lang j> (1+i.19) ([,:1+i:~) +/ 0 < pigval"0/~ 1+i.100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
98 97 96 95 93 92 91 90 89 87 86 85 84 82 81 80 78 77 75</lang> This is a table of decision points. First row represents sum of our current uncommitted rolls. Second row represents the maximum permanent score where you should roll again with that number of uncommitted points, if we are using this estimation mechanism to choose our actions. Note that the first four columns here should have some obvious validity -- for example, if we have 96 permanent points and we have rolled 4 uncommitted points, we have won the game and we gain nothing from rerolling... Note also that this decision mechanism says we should never reroll if we have at least 20 uncommitted points.
Perl 6
This implements a pig player class where you can customize the strategy it uses. Pass a strategy code reference in that will evaluate to a Boolean value. The player will roll the die then decide whether to roll again or lock in its winnings based on its strategy. It will continue to roll until it gets a 1 (bust) or the strategy code reference evaluates to True (finished turn).
Set up as many players as you want, then run it. It will play 100 games (by default) then report the score for each game then the win totals for each player. If you want to play a different number of games, pass the number at the command line as a parameter.
Here we have 5 players:
player 0 uses the default strategy, always roll if it can. player 1 will roll up to 5 times then lock in whatever it earned. player 2 will try to get at least 20 points per turn. player 3 randomly picks whether to roll again or not biased so that there is a 90% chance that it will. player 4 randomly chooses to roll again but gets more consrvative as its score get closer to the goal.
<lang perl6>my $games = @*ARGS ?? (shift @*ARGS) !! 100;
constant DIE = 1 .. 6; constant GOAL = 100;
class player {
has $.score is rw = 0;
has $.ante is rw;
has $.rolls is rw;
has &.strategy is rw = sub { False }; # default, always roll again
method turn {
my $done_turn = False;
$.rolls = 0;
$.ante = 0;
repeat {
given DIE.roll {
$.rolls++;
when 1 {
$.ante = 0;
$done_turn = True;
}
when 2..* {
$.ante += $_;
}
}
$done_turn = True if $.score + $.ante >= GOAL or (&.strategy)();
} until $done_turn;
$.score += $.ante;
}
}
my @players;
- default, go-for-broke, always roll again
@players[0] = player.new;
- try to roll 5 times but no more per turn
@players[1] = player.new( strategy => sub { @players[1].rolls >= 5 } );
- try to accumulate at least 20 points per turn
@players[2] = player.new( strategy => sub { @players[2].ante > 20 } );
- random but 90% chance of rolling again
@players[3] = player.new( strategy => sub { 1.rand < .1 } );
- random but more conservative as approaches goal
@players[4] = player.new( strategy => sub { 1.rand < ( GOAL - @players[4].score ) * .6 / GOAL } );
my @wins = 0 xx @players;
for ^ $games {
my $player = -1;
repeat {
$player++;
@players[$player % @players].turn;
} until @players[$player % @players].score >= GOAL;
@wins[$player % @players]++;
say join "\t", @players>>.score; @players[$_].score = 0 for ^@players; # reset scores for next game
}
say "\nSCORES: for $games games"; say join "\t", @wins;</lang>
Sample output for 10000 games
0 103 46 5 40 0 100 69 0 48 0 105 22 7 44 0 75 69 19 102 105 21 23 5 17 0 101 85 12 29 0 70 66 103 23 0 0 104 69 20 0 100 44 0 20 0 102 63 75 30 0 56 101 12 40 0 103 71 2 38 0 103 91 21 32 0 18 102 47 28 ... ... ... 104 0 69 14 47 0 68 101 13 22 0 99 89 102 31 SCORES: for 10000 games 947 3534 3396 1714 409
Python
There are now three player strategies:
- A random player RandPlay that rolls randomly.
- The RollTo20 player that rolls if that rounds score is less than 20.
- The Desparat player that plays like RollTo20 until any player gets within 20 of winning whereupon it desperately keeps rolling.
Details of the RollTo20 and Desparat strategy came from a paper referenced from here.
Player instances are passed full (single) game statistics and so can be more complex in their behaviour.
Notice how Pythons Counter class from the standard library is used to collate the winning statistics near the end of the program without much additional code.
<lang python>#!/usr/bin/python3
See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig_(dice)
This program scores, throws the dice, and plays for an N player game of Pig.
from random import randint from collections import namedtuple import random from pprint import pprint as pp from collections import Counter
playercount = 2
maxscore = 100
maxgames = 100000
Game = namedtuple('Game', 'players, maxscore, rounds')
Round = namedtuple('Round', 'who, start, scores, safe')
class Player():
def __init__(self, player_index):
self.player_index = player_index
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(%i)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.player_index)
def __call__(self, safescore, scores, game):
'Returns boolean True to roll again'
pass
class RandPlay(Player):
def __call__(self, safe, scores, game):
'Returns random boolean choice of whether to roll again'
return bool(random.randint(0, 1))
class RollTo20(Player):
def __call__(self, safe, scores, game):
'Roll again if this rounds score < 20'
return (((sum(scores) + safe[self.player_index]) < maxscore) # Haven't won yet
and(sum(scores) < 20)) # Not at 20 this round
class Desparat(Player):
def __call__(self, safe, scores, game):
'Roll again if this rounds score < 20 or someone is within 20 of winning'
return (((sum(scores) + safe[self.player_index]) < maxscore) # Haven't won yet
and( (sum(scores) < 20) # Not at 20 this round
or max(safe) >= (maxscore - 20))) # Someone's close
def game__str__(self):
'Pretty printer for Game class'
return ("Game(players=%r, maxscore=%i,\n rounds=[\n %s\n ])"
% (self.players, self.maxscore,
',\n '.join(repr(round) for round in self.rounds)))
Game.__str__ = game__str__
def winningorder(players, safescores):
'Return (players in winning order, their scores)'
return tuple(zip(*sorted(zip(players, safescores),
key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)))
def playpig(game):
Plays the game of pig returning the players in winning order and their scores whilst updating argument game with the details of play. players, maxscore, rounds = game playercount = len(players) safescore = [0] * playercount # Safe scores for each player player = 0 # Who plays this round scores=[] # Individual scores this round
while max(safescore) < maxscore:
startscore = safescore[player]
rolling = players[player](safescore, scores, game)
if rolling:
rolled = randint(1, 6)
scores.append(rolled)
if rolled == 1:
# Bust!
round = Round(who=players[player],
start=startscore,
scores=scores,
safe=safescore[player])
rounds.append(round)
scores, player = [], (player + 1) % playercount
else:
# Stick
safescore[player] += sum(scores)
round = Round(who=players[player],
start=startscore,
scores=scores,
safe=safescore[player])
rounds.append(round)
if safescore[player] >= maxscore:
break
scores, player = [], (player + 1) % playercount
# return players in winning order and all scores return winningorder(players, safescore)
if __name__ == '__main__':
game = Game(players=tuple(RandPlay(i) for i in range(playercount)),
maxscore=20,
rounds=[])
print('ONE GAME')
print('Winning order: %r; Respective scores: %r\n' % playpig(game))
print(game)
game = Game(players=tuple(RandPlay(i) for i in range(playercount)),
maxscore=maxscore,
rounds=[])
algos = (RollTo20, RandPlay, Desparat)
print('\n\nMULTIPLE STATISTICS using %r\n for %i GAMES'
% (', '.join(p.__name__ for p in algos), maxgames,))
winners = Counter(repr(playpig(game._replace(players=tuple(random.choice(algos)(i)
for i in range(playercount)),
rounds=[]))[0])
for i in range(maxgames))
print(' Players(position) winning on left; occurrences on right:\n %s'
% ',\n '.join(str(w) for w in winners.most_common()))</lang>
- Output:
First is shown the game data for a single game with reduced maxscore then statistics on multiple games.
Desparat beats RollTo20 beats RandPlay on average. It doesn't matter if they play first or not when playing against another strategies. When both players use the same strategies there may be an advantage in going first.
ONE GAME
Winner: RandPlay(0); Scores: [24, 12]
Game(players=(RandPlay(0), RandPlay(1)), maxscore=20,
rounds=[
Round(who=RandPlay(0), start=0, scores=[], safe=0),
Round(who=RandPlay(1), start=0, scores=[6, 2], safe=8),
Round(who=RandPlay(0), start=0, scores=[], safe=0),
Round(who=RandPlay(1), start=8, scores=[], safe=8),
Round(who=RandPlay(0), start=0, scores=[], safe=0),
Round(who=RandPlay(1), start=8, scores=[4], safe=12),
Round(who=RandPlay(0), start=0, scores=[4, 5, 6, 4, 5], safe=24)
])
MULTIPLE STATISTICS using 'RollTo20, RandPlay, Desparat'
for 100000 GAMES
Players(position) winning on left; occurrences on right:
('(Desparat(1), RandPlay(0))', 11152),
('(RollTo20(1), RandPlay(0))', 11114),
('(Desparat(0), RandPlay(1))', 11072),
('(RollTo20(0), RandPlay(1))', 11007),
('(Desparat(0), RollTo20(1))', 6405),
('(RollTo20(0), RollTo20(1))', 6013),
('(Desparat(0), Desparat(1))', 5820),
('(Desparat(1), RollTo20(0))', 5772),
('(RandPlay(0), RandPlay(1))', 5667),
('(RandPlay(1), RandPlay(0))', 5481),
('(RollTo20(0), Desparat(1))', 5385),
('(Desparat(1), Desparat(0))', 5235),
('(RollTo20(1), RollTo20(0))', 5090),
('(RollTo20(1), Desparat(0))', 4625),
('(RandPlay(0), Desparat(1))', 59),
('(RandPlay(1), RollTo20(0))', 37),
('(RandPlay(1), Desparat(0))', 35),
('(RandPlay(0), RollTo20(1))', 31)
Note: ('(RollTo20(1), RandPlay(0))', 25063) means that the algorithm RollTo20 playing as the second player, (1) wins against algorithm RandPlay of the first player, (0) and wins 25063 times. (Zero based indexing so the first player is player(0)).
Racket
Same as Pig_the_dice_game#Racket, with three strategy makers, and simulation code for trying out strategies. <lang racket>#lang racket
(define (pig-the-dice #:print? [print? #t] . players)
(define prn (if print? (λ xs (apply printf xs) (flush-output)) void))
(define names (for/list ([p players] [n (in-naturals 1)]) n))
(define points (for/list ([p players]) (box 0)))
(with-handlers ([(negate exn?) identity])
(for ([nm (in-cycle names)] [tp (in-cycle points)] [pl (in-cycle players)])
(prn (string-join (for/list ([n names] [p points])
(format "Player ~a, ~a points" n (unbox p)))
"; " #:before-first "Status: " #:after-last ".\n"))
(let turn ([p 0] [n 0])
(prn "Player ~a, round #~a, [R]oll or [P]ass? " nm (+ 1 n))
(define roll? (pl (unbox tp) p n))
(unless (eq? pl human) (prn "~a\n" (if roll? 'R 'P)))
(if (not roll?) (set-box! tp (+ (unbox tp) p))
(let ([r (+ 1 (random 6))])
(prn " Dice roll: ~s => " r)
(if (= r 1) (prn "turn lost\n")
(let ([p (+ p r)]) (prn "~a points\n" p) (turn p (+ 1 n)))))))
(prn "--------------------\n")
(when (<= 100 (unbox tp)) (prn "Player ~a wins!\n" nm) (raise nm)))))
(define (human total-points turn-points round#)
(case (string->symbol (car (regexp-match #px"[A-Za-z]?" (read-line)))) [(R r) #t] [(P p) #f] [else (human total-points turn-points round#)]))
- Always do N rolls
(define ((n-rounds n) total-points turn-points round#) (< round# n))
- Roll until a given number of points
(define ((n-points n) total-points turn-points round#) (< turn-points n))
- Random decision
(define ((n-random n) total-points turn-points round#) (zero? (random n)))
(define (n-runs n . players)
(define v (make-vector (length players) 0)) (for ([i n]) (define p (sub1 (apply pig-the-dice #:print? #f players))) (vector-set! v p (add1 (vector-ref v p)))) (for ([wins v] [i (in-naturals 1)]) (printf "Player ~a: ~a%\n" i (round (/ wins n 1/100)))))
- Things to try
- (n-runs 1000 (n-random 2) (n-random 3) (n-random 4))
- (n-runs 1000 (n-rounds 5) (n-points 24))
- (n-runs 1000 (n-rounds 5) (n-random 2))</lang>
The following example run demonstrates the output from
<lang Racket>(pig-the-dice #:print? #t (n-points 12) (n-rounds 4))</lang>
Where n-points is a strategy where the user continues to roll until the specified number of points is gained and n-rounds is a strategy where the users rolls the specified number of times each round.
Status: Player 1, 0 points; Player 2, 0 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 4 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 9 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 11 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 16 points Player 1, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 16 points; Player 2, 0 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 6 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 12 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 15 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 20 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 16 points; Player 2, 20 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 2 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 4 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 10 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 16 points Player 1, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 32 points; Player 2, 20 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 5 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 7 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 9 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 12 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 32 points; Player 2, 32 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 6 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 11 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 13 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 32 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 3 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 32 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 2 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 6 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 32 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 5 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 7 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 13 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 15 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 47 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 47 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 47 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 2 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 7 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 47 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 5 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 11 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 17 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 20 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 67 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 4 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 67 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 3 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 6 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 8 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 11 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 78 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 3 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 7 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 11 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 78 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 2 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 7 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 78 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 3 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 78 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 45 points; Player 2, 78 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 5 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 9 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 11 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 16 points Player 1, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 61 points; Player 2, 78 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 4 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 6 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 9 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 15 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 61 points; Player 2, 93 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 5 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 8 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 10 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 12 points Player 1, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 73 points; Player 2, 93 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 6 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 10 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 14 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 1 => turn lost -------------------- Status: Player 1, 73 points; Player 2, 93 points. Player 1, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 3 => 3 points Player 1, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 7 points Player 1, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 13 points Player 1, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Status: Player 1, 86 points; Player 2, 93 points. Player 2, round #1, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 2 => 2 points Player 2, round #2, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 6 => 8 points Player 2, round #3, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 4 => 12 points Player 2, round #4, [R]oll or [P]ass? R Dice roll: 5 => 17 points Player 2, round #5, [R]oll or [P]ass? P -------------------- Player 2 wins! 2
REXX
The strategy for a computer player is to roll again if the total score (including the current inning) has not won, and to roll again if the inning score is less than a quarter of the score needed to win.
The (somewhat aggressive) "quarter" strategy was chosen to give the advantage to a human (it was presumed that this dice game would be played with a CBLF). <lang rexx>/*REXX program plays pig the dice game (any # of CBLFs and/or silicons).*/ signal on syntax; signal on novalue /*handle REXX program errors. */ sw=linesize()-1 /*get the width of the terminal. */ parse arg hp cp win die _ . '(' names ")" /*obtain optional arguments.*/
/*names with blanks should use _ */
if _\== then call err 'too many arguments were specified: ' _ @nhp = 'number of human players' ; hp =scrutinize( hp,@nhp , 0, 0, 0) @ncp = 'number of computer players'; cp =scrutinize( cp,@ncp , 0, 0, 2) @sn2w = 'score needed to win' ; win=scrutinize(win,@sn2w, 1,1e6,60) @nsid = 'number of sides in die' ; die=scrutinize(die,@nsid, 2,999, 6) if hp==0 & cp==0 then cp=2 /*if both counts are zero, 2 HALs*/ if hp==1 & cp==0 then cp=1 /*if one human, then use 1 HAL.*/ name.= /*nullify all names (to a blank).*/ L=0 /*maximum length of a player name*/
do i=1 for hp+cp /*get the player's names, maybe. */
if i>hp then @='HAL_'i"_the_computer" /*use this for default.*/
else @='player_'i /* " " " " */
name.i = translate( word( strip( word(names,i)) @, 1),,'_')
L=max(L, length(name.i)) /*use L for nice name formatting.*/
end /*i*/ /*underscores are changed─►blanks*/
hpn=hp; if hpn==0 then hpn='no' /*use normal English for display.*/ cpn=cp; if cpn==0 then cpn="no" /* " " " " " */ say 'Pig (the dice game) is being played with:' /*introduction to pig.*/
if cpn\==0 then say right(cpn,9) 'computer player's(cp)
if hpn\==0 then say right(hpn,9) 'human player's(hp)
say 'and the' @sn2w "is: " win ' (or greater).' !.=; dieNames='ace deuce trey square nickle boxcar' /*die face names.*/
/*note: snake eyes is for 2 aces.*/
!w=0; do i=1 for die; !.i=' ['word(dieNames,i)"]"
!w=max(!w, length(!.i)) /*!w ──► maximum length die name.*/
end /*i*/
s.=0 /*set all player's scores to zero*/ !w=!w+length(die)+3 /*pad the die number and die name*/ @=copies('─',9) /*an eyecatcher (for prompting). */ @jra='just rolled a '; @ati='and the inning' /*nice literals to have.*/ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────let's play some pig.*/
do game=1; in.=0 /*set each inning's score to zero*/
say; say copies('█',sw) /*display a fence for da eyeballs*/
do k=1 for hp+cp /*display the scores (as a recap)*/
say 'The score for ' left(name.k,L) " is " right(s.k,length(win))'.'
end /*k*/
say copies('█',sw) /*display a fence for da eyeballs*/
do j=1 for hp+cp /*let each player roll their dice*/
say; say copies('─',sw); /*display a fence for da eyeballs*/
it=name.j
say it', your total score (so far) in this pig game is: ' s.j"."
do until stopped /*keep prompting/rolling 'til not*/
r=random(1,die) /*get a random die face (number).*/
!=left(space(r !.r','), !w) /*for color, use a die-face name.*/
in.j=in.j+r /*add die-face number to inning. */
if r==1 then do; say it @jra ! || @ati "is a bust."; leave; end
say it @jra ! || @ati "total is: " in.j
stopped=what2do(j) /*determine|ask to stop rolling.*/
if j>hp & stopped then say ' and' name.j "elected to stop rolling."
end /*until stopped*/
if r\==1 then s.j=s.j+in.j /*if not a bust, then add inning.*/
if s.j>=win then leave game /*we have a winner, so game ends.*/
end /*j*/ /*that's the end of the players. */
end /*game*/
say; say; say; say; say center(name.j "won! ",sw,'═'); say; say; exit exit /*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/ /*──────────────────────────────────S subroutine────────────────────────*/ s: if arg(1)==1 then return arg(3); return word(arg(2) 's',1) /*plural?*/ /*──────────────────────────────────SCRUTINIZE subroutine───────────────*/ scrutinize: parse arg ?,what,min,max /*? is the number, or maybe not. */ if ?== | ?==',' then return arg(5) if \datatype(?,'N') then call err what "isn't numeric: " ?; ?=?/1 if \datatype(?,'W') then call err what "isn't an integer: " ? if ?==0 & min>0 then call err what "can't be zero." if ?<min then call err what "can't be less than" min': ' ? if ?==0 & max>0 then call err what "can't be zero." if ?>max & max\==0 then call err what "can't be greater than" max': ' ? return ? /*──────────────────────────────────what2do subroutine──────────────────*/ what2do: parse arg who /*"who" is a human or a computer.*/ if j>hp & s.j+in.j>=win then return 1 /*an easy choice for HAL.*/ if j>hp & in.j>=win%4 then return 1 /*a simple stategy for HAL.*/ if j>hp then return 0 /*HAL says, keep truckin'! */ say @ name.who', what do you want to do? (a QUIT will stop the game),' say @ 'press ENTER to roll again, or anything else to STOP rolling.' pull action; action=space(action) /*remove any superfluous blanks. */ if \abbrev('QUIT',action,1) then return action\== say; say; say; say center(' quitting. ',sw,'─'); say; say; say; exit /*───────────────────────────────error handling subroutines and others.─*/ err: say; say; say center(' error! ',max(40,linesize()%2),"*"); say
do j=1 for arg(); say arg(j); say; end; say; exit 13
novalue: syntax: call err 'REXX program' condition('C') "error",
,condition('D'),'REXX source statement (line' sigl"):",
,sourceline(sigl)</lang>
This REXX program makes use of LINESIZE BIF which returns the terminals width (linesize).
Some REXXes don't have a LINESIZE BIF, so one is included here ──► LINESIZE.REX.
To play this game with two computer players (simulate), use the following arguments:
0 2
Optionally, you may use (for instance):
0 2 ( HAL R2D2
to specify names for the (two) computer players.
output:
Pig (the dice game) is being played with:
2 computer players
no human players
and the score needed to win is: 60 (or greater).
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
The score for HAL 1 the computer is 0.
The score for HAL 2 the computer is 0.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 1 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 0.
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 2 [deuce], and the inning total is: 2
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 5 [nickle], and the inning total is: 7
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 2 [deuce], and the inning total is: 9
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 1 [ace], and the inning is a bust.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 2 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 0.
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 6
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 4 [square], and the inning total is: 10
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 4 [square], and the inning total is: 14
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 5 [nickle], and the inning total is: 19
and HAL 2 the computer elected to stop rolling.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
The score for HAL 1 the computer is 0.
The score for HAL 2 the computer is 19.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 1 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 0.
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 1 [ace], and the inning is a bust.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 2 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 19.
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 1 [ace], and the inning is a bust.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
The score for HAL 1 the computer is 0.
The score for HAL 2 the computer is 19.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 1 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 0.
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 6
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 12
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 18
and HAL 1 the computer elected to stop rolling.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 2 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 19.
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 6
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 3 [trey], and the inning total is: 9
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 15
and HAL 2 the computer elected to stop rolling.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
The score for HAL 1 the computer is 18.
The score for HAL 2 the computer is 34.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 1 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 18.
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 5 [nickle], and the inning total is: 5
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 1 [ace], and the inning is a bust.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 2 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 34.
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 4 [square], and the inning total is: 4
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 4 [square], and the inning total is: 8
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 3 [trey], and the inning total is: 11
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 5 [nickle], and the inning total is: 16
and HAL 2 the computer elected to stop rolling.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
The score for HAL 1 the computer is 18.
The score for HAL 2 the computer is 50.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 1 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 18.
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 4 [square], and the inning total is: 4
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 1 [ace], and the inning is a bust.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 2 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 50.
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 1 [ace], and the inning is a bust.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
The score for HAL 1 the computer is 18.
The score for HAL 2 the computer is 50.
███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 1 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 18.
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 6
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 12
HAL 1 the computer just rolled a 4 [square], and the inning total is: 16
and HAL 1 the computer elected to stop rolling.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HAL 2 the computer, your total score (so far) in this pig game is: 50.
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 6 [boxcar], and the inning total is: 6
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 3 [trey], and the inning total is: 9
HAL 2 the computer just rolled a 5 [nickle], and the inning total is: 14
and HAL 2 the computer elected to stop rolling.
═══════════════════════════HAL 2 the computer won! ════════════════════════════
Ruby
<lang ruby> def player1(sum,sm) for i in 1..100 puts "player1 rolled" a=gets.chomp().to_i if (a>1 && a<7) sum+=a if sum>=100 puts "player1 wins" break end else
goto player2(sum,sm) end i+=1 end end
def player2(sum,sm) for j in 1..100 puts "player2 rolled" b=gets.chomp().to_i if(b>1 && b<7)
sm+=b
if sm>=100 puts "player2 wins" break end else
player1(sum,sm) end j+=1 end end i=0 j=0 sum=0 sm=0 player1(sum,sm) return</lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>var (games=100) = ARGV.map{.to_i}...
define DIE = 1..6; define GOAL = 100;
class Player(score=0, ante=0, rolls=0, strategy={false}) {
method turn {
rolls = 0;
ante = 0;
loop {
rolls++;
given (var roll = DIE.rand) {
when (1) {
ante = 0;
break;
}
case (roll > 1) {
ante += roll;
}
}
((score + ante >= GOAL) || strategy) && break;
}
score += ante;
}
}
var players = [];
- default, go-for-broke, always roll again
players[0] = Player.new;
- try to roll 5 times but no more per turn
players[1] = Player.new( strategy: { players[1].rolls >= 5 } );
- try to accumulate at least 20 points per turn
players[2] = Player.new( strategy: { players[2].ante > 20 } );
- random but 90% chance of rolling again
players[3] = Player.new( strategy: { 1.rand < 0.1 } );
- random but more conservative as approaches goal
players[4] = Player.new( strategy: { 1.rand < ((GOAL - players[4].score) * 0.6 / GOAL) } );
var wins = [0]*players.len;
games.times {
var player = -1;
loop {
player++;
var p = players[player % players.len];
p.turn;
p.score >= GOAL && break;
}
wins[player % players.len]++;
players.map{.score}.join("\t").say;
players.each { |p| p.score = 0 };
}
say "\nSCORES: for #{games} games"; say wins.join("\t");</lang>
- Output:
0 0 67 101 19 0 88 100 9 14 0 81 66 100 24 0 56 103 8 27 0 102 70 17 27 0 79 101 29 36 0 100 71 56 31 0 62 104 28 34 103 19 24 6 5 0 49 101 24 19 0 60 22 101 0 0 20 101 30 34 ... ... ... 0 101 69 26 91 0 87 101 30 54 0 84 100 17 64 0 52 24 102 17 SCORES: for 100 games 6 28 40 22 4
Tcl
| or alternatively with Tcl 8.5 and |
First the structure of the game (from the parent page): <lang tcl>package require TclOO
oo::class create Player {
variable me
constructor {name} {
set me $name
}
method name {} {
return $me
}
method wantToRoll {safeScore roundScore} {}
method rolled {who what} {
if {$who ne [self]} { #puts "[$who name] rolled a $what" }
}
method turnend {who score} {
if {$who ne [self]} { #puts "End of turn for [$who name] on $score" }
}
method winner {who score} {
if {$who ne [self]} { #puts "[$who name] is a winner, on $score" }
}
}
oo::class create HumanPlayer {
variable me
superclass Player
method wantToRoll {safeScore roundScore} {
while 1 { puts -nonewline "$me (on $safeScore+$roundScore) do you want to roll? (Y/n)" flush stdout if {[gets stdin line] < 0} { # EOF detected puts "" exit } if {$line eq "" || $line eq "y" || $line eq "Y"} { return 1 } if {$line eq "n" || $line eq "N"} { return 0 } }
}
method stuck {score} {
puts "$me sticks with score $score"
}
method busted {score} {
puts "Busted! ($me still on score $score)"
}
method won {score} {
puts "$me has won! (Score: $score)"
}
}
proc rollDie {} {
expr {1+int(rand() * 6)}
} proc rotateList {var} {
upvar 1 $var l
set l [list {*}[lrange $l 1 end] [lindex $l 0]]
} proc broadcast {players message score} {
set p0 [lindex $players 0]
foreach p $players {
$p $message $p0 $score
}
}
proc pig {args} {
set players $args
set scores [lrepeat [llength $args] 0]
while 1 {
set player [lindex $players 0] set safe [lindex $scores 0] set s 0 while 1 { if {$safe + $s >= 100} { incr safe $s $player won $safe broadcast $players winner $safe return $player } if {![$player wantToRoll $safe $s]} { lset scores 0 [incr safe $s] $player stuck $safe break } set roll [rollDie] broadcast $players rolled $roll if {$roll == 1} { $player busted $safe break } incr s $roll } broadcast $players turnend $safe rotateList players rotateList scores
}
}</lang> Then the classes that create the various implemented strategies: <lang tcl>oo::class create RoboPlayer {
superclass Player
variable me
constructor {name} {
# Add a symbol to the name to mark a robot... next "$name\u00ae"
}
method wantToRoll {safeScore roundScore} {
puts -nonewline "$me has ($safeScore,$roundScore)... " set decision [my Decide $safeScore $roundScore] puts [lindex {stick roll} $decision] return $decision
}
method stuck {score} {
puts "$me sticks with score $score"
}
method busted {score} {
puts "Busted! ($me still on score $score)"
}
method won {score} {
puts "$me has won! (Score: $score)"
}
}
- Just takes a random decision as to what to play
oo::class create RandomPlayer {
superclass RoboPlayer
constructor {} {next "Random"}
method Decide {a b} {expr {rand() < 0.5}}
}
- Rolls until it scores at least 20 from a round or goes bust
oo::class create To20Player {
superclass RoboPlayer
constructor {} {next "To20"}
method Decide {safeScore roundScore} {expr {$roundScore < 20}}
}
- Like To20, but will roll desperately once another player reaches 80
oo::class create Desperate {
superclass RoboPlayer
variable me scores
constructor {} {
next "Desperate" set scores {}
}
method Decide {safeScore roundScore} {
dict for {who val} $scores { if {$who ne [self] && $val >= 80} { return 1 } } return [expr {$roundScore < 20}]
}
# Keep an eye on other players
method turnend {who score} {
next $who $score dict set scores $who $score
}
}</lang> Demonstration, pitting the three of them against each other: <lang tcl>pig [RandomPlayer new] [To20Player new] [Desperate new]</lang>
- Output:
Random® has (0,0)... roll Busted! (Random® still on score 0) To20® has (0,0)... roll To20® has (0,4)... roll Busted! (To20® still on score 0) Desperate® has (0,0)... roll Desperate® has (0,6)... roll Desperate® has (0,10)... roll Desperate® has (0,13)... roll Desperate® has (0,17)... roll Desperate® has (0,21)... stick Desperate® sticks with score 21 Random® has (0,0)... roll Busted! (Random® still on score 0) To20® has (0,0)... roll To20® has (0,2)... roll To20® has (0,7)... roll To20® has (0,11)... roll To20® has (0,16)... roll To20® has (0,19)... roll To20® has (0,25)... stick To20® sticks with score 25 Desperate® has (21,0)... roll Desperate® has (21,6)... roll Desperate® has (21,12)... roll Busted! (Desperate® still on score 21) Random® has (0,0)... stick Random® sticks with score 0 To20® has (25,0)... roll Busted! (To20® still on score 25) Desperate® has (21,0)... roll Desperate® has (21,4)... roll Desperate® has (21,7)... roll Desperate® has (21,9)... roll Busted! (Desperate® still on score 21) Random® has (0,0)... stick Random® sticks with score 0 To20® has (25,0)... roll To20® has (25,5)... roll Busted! (To20® still on score 25) Desperate® has (21,0)... roll Desperate® has (21,2)... roll Desperate® has (21,7)... roll Desperate® has (21,11)... roll Desperate® has (21,14)... roll Desperate® has (21,19)... roll Desperate® has (21,24)... stick Desperate® sticks with score 45 Random® has (0,0)... stick Random® sticks with score 0 To20® has (25,0)... roll To20® has (25,5)... roll To20® has (25,8)... roll To20® has (25,14)... roll To20® has (25,18)... roll To20® has (25,20)... stick To20® sticks with score 45 Desperate® has (45,0)... roll Desperate® has (45,6)... roll Desperate® has (45,11)... roll Desperate® has (45,14)... roll Desperate® has (45,18)... roll Desperate® has (45,21)... stick Desperate® sticks with score 66 Random® has (0,0)... roll Random® has (0,2)... stick Random® sticks with score 2 To20® has (45,0)... roll To20® has (45,6)... roll To20® has (45,12)... roll To20® has (45,18)... roll To20® has (45,24)... stick To20® sticks with score 69 Desperate® has (66,0)... roll Desperate® has (66,6)... roll Busted! (Desperate® still on score 66) Random® has (2,0)... roll Busted! (Random® still on score 2) To20® has (69,0)... roll To20® has (69,4)... roll To20® has (69,8)... roll To20® has (69,14)... roll To20® has (69,20)... stick To20® sticks with score 89 Desperate® has (66,0)... roll Desperate® has (66,6)... roll Desperate® has (66,10)... roll Desperate® has (66,12)... roll Desperate® has (66,18)... roll Desperate® has (66,23)... roll Desperate® has (66,27)... roll Desperate® has (66,29)... roll Desperate® has (66,31)... roll Desperate® has won! (Score: 101)