Mastermind
Create a simple version of the board game: Mastermind.
It must be possible to:
- choose the number of colors will be used in the game(2 - 20)
- choose the color code length(4 - 10)
- choose the maximum number of guesses the player has (7 - 20)
- choose whether or not will be repeated colors in the code
The game should display all the player guesses and the results of that guess.
Display(just an idea.):
| Feature | Graphic Version | Text Version |
|---|---|---|
| Player guess | Colored circles | Alphabet letters |
| Correct color & position | Black circle | X |
| Correct color | White circle | O |
| None | Gray circle | - |
A text version example:
1: ADEF - XXO-
Translates to:
first guess;
the four colors(ADEF);
result: two correct colors and spot, one correct color/wrong spot one color is not in the code.
Happy coding!
- Related tasks
C++
<lang cpp>#include <iostream>
- include <algorithm>
- include <ctime>
- include <string>
- include <vector>
typedef std::vector<char> vecChar;
class master { public:
master( size_t code_len, size_t clr_count, size_t guess_count, bool rpt ) {
std::string color = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST";
if( code_len < 4 ) code_len = 4; else if( code_len > 10 ) code_len = 10;
if( !rpt && clr_count < code_len ) clr_count = code_len;
if( clr_count < 2 ) clr_count = 2; else if( clr_count > 20 ) clr_count = 20;
if( guess_count < 7 ) guess_count = 7; else if( guess_count > 20 ) guess_count = 20;
codeLen = code_len; colorsCnt = clr_count; guessCnt = guess_count; repeatClr = rpt;
for( size_t s = 0; s < colorsCnt; s++ ) {
colors.append( 1, color.at( s ) );
}
}
void play() {
bool win = false;
combo = getCombo();
while( guessCnt ) {
showBoard();
if( checkInput( getInput() ) ) {
win = true;
break;
}
guessCnt--;
}
if( win ) {
std::cout << "\n\n--------------------------------\n" <<
"Very well done!\nYou found the code: " << combo <<
"\n--------------------------------\n\n";
} else {
std::cout << "\n\n--------------------------------\n" <<
"I am sorry, you couldn't make it!\nThe code was: " << combo <<
"\n--------------------------------\n\n";
}
}
private:
void showBoard() {
vecChar::iterator y;
for( int x = 0; x < guesses.size(); x++ ) {
std::cout << "\n--------------------------------\n";
std::cout << x + 1 << ": ";
for( y = guesses[x].begin(); y != guesses[x].end(); y++ ) {
std::cout << *y << " ";
}
std::cout << " : ";
for( y = results[x].begin(); y != results[x].end(); y++ ) {
std::cout << *y << " ";
}
int z = codeLen - results[x].size();
if( z > 0 ) {
for( int x = 0; x < z; x++ ) std::cout << "- ";
}
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
}
std::string getInput() {
std::string a;
while( true ) {
std::cout << "Enter your guess (" << colors << "): ";
a = ""; std::cin >> a;
std::transform( a.begin(), a.end(), a.begin(), ::toupper );
if( a.length() > codeLen ) a.erase( codeLen );
bool r = true;
for( std::string::iterator x = a.begin(); x != a.end(); x++ ) {
if( colors.find( *x ) == std::string::npos ) {
r = false;
break;
}
}
if( r ) break;
}
return a;
}
bool checkInput( std::string a ) {
vecChar g;
for( std::string::iterator x = a.begin(); x != a.end(); x++ ) {
g.push_back( *x );
}
guesses.push_back( g );
int black = 0, white = 0;
std::vector<bool> gmatch( codeLen, false );
std::vector<bool> cmatch( codeLen, false );
for( int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++ ) {
if( a.at( i ) == combo.at( i ) ) {
gmatch[i] = true;
cmatch[i] = true;
black++;
}
}
for( int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++ ) {
if (gmatch[i]) continue;
for( int j = 0; j < codeLen; j++ ) {
if (i == j || cmatch[j]) continue;
if( a.at( i ) == combo.at( j ) ) {
cmatch[j] = true;
white++;
break;
}
}
}
vecChar r;
for( int b = 0; b < black; b++ ) r.push_back( 'X' );
for( int w = 0; w < white; w++ ) r.push_back( 'O' );
results.push_back( r );
return ( black == codeLen );
}
std::string getCombo() {
std::string c, clr = colors;
int l, z;
for( size_t s = 0; s < codeLen; s++ ) {
z = rand() % ( int )clr.length();
c.append( 1, clr[z] );
if( !repeatClr ) clr.erase( z, 1 );
}
return c;
}
size_t codeLen, colorsCnt, guessCnt; bool repeatClr; std::vector<vecChar> guesses, results; std::string colors, combo;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
srand( unsigned( time( 0 ) ) ); master m( 4, 8, 12, false ); m.play(); return 0;
} </lang>
- Output:
Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): gbda -------------------------------- 1: A B C D : X O O - -------------------------------- 2: A A A E : O - - - -------------------------------- 3: E E E E : - - - - -------------------------------- 4: B B B C : X - - - -------------------------------- 5: D B A F : X O O - -------------------------------- 6: G B D A : X X X - Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): hbda -------------------------------- Very well done! You found the code: HBDA --------------------------------
Easyprog.online
<lang>col[] = [ 922 990 171 229 950 808 ] len code[] 4 len guess[] 4
subr init_vars
row = 7
. func draw_rate r black white . .
for j range 2
for c range 2
move c * 3 + 67.5 r * 11 + 12.6 + j * 3
if black > 0
color 000
circle 1.2
black -= 1
elif white > 0
color 999
circle 1.2
white -= 1
else
color 420
circle 0.7
.
.
.
. func show_code . .
color 642 move 27 0 rect 46 8 for i range 4 move i * 8 + 33 3 color col[code[i]] circle 2 .
. func next_row . .
for i range 4 guess[i] = -1 . for c range 4 move c * 9 + 32 row * 11 + 14 color 900 circle 2 color 420 circle 1.7 .
. func rate . .
test[] = code[]
for i range 4
if guess[i] = test[i]
black += 1
test[i] = -2
guess[i] = -1
.
.
for i range 4
for j range 4
if guess[i] = test[j]
white += 1
test[j] = -2
guess[i] = -1
.
.
.
move 64 row * 11 + 11
color 642
rect 9 6
#
call draw_rate row black white
row -= 1
if black = 4
row = -1
.
if row = -1
call show_code
else
call next_row
.
. func new . .
call init_vars
for i range 4
code[i] = random 6
.
color 642
move 15 0
rect 70 100
color 420
move 27 0
rect 46 8
move 35 2
color 864
text "Mastermind"
color 420
move 25 10
line 25 94
move 75 10
line 75 94
for r range 8
for c range 4
move c * 9 + 32 r * 11 + 14
circle 2
.
call draw_rate r 0 0
.
call next_row
.
func do_move . .
c = trunc ((mouse_x - 27.5) / 9) move c * 9 + 32 row * 11 + 14 guess[c] = (guess[c] + 1) mod 6 color col[guess[c]] circle 3.2 # if guess[0] > -1 and guess[1] > -1 and guess[2] > -1 and guess[3] > -1 move 64 row * 11 + 11 color 900 rect 8.6 6 move 64.2 row * 11 + 11.2 color 642 rect 8.2 5.6 color 420 move 64.6 row * 11 + 11.6 text "OK" .
. on mouse_down
if row = -1
call new
elif mouse_y > row * 11 + 9 and mouse_y < row * 11 + 19
if mouse_x > 28 and mouse_x < 63.5
call do_move
elif mouse_x > 65 and mouse_x < 77
if guess[0] > -1 and guess[1] > -1 and guess[2] > -1 and guess[3] > -1
call rate
.
.
.
. textsize 5 linewidth 0.8 call new</lang>
Go
<lang Go>package main
import ( "errors" "flag" "fmt" "log" "math/rand" "strings" "time" )
func main() { log.SetPrefix("mastermind: ") log.SetFlags(0) colours := flag.Int("colours", 6, "number of colours to use (2-20)") flag.IntVar(colours, "colors", 6, "alias for colours") holes := flag.Int("holes", 4, "number of holes (the code length, 4-10)") guesses := flag.Int("guesses", 12, "number of guesses allowed (7-20)") unique := flag.Bool("unique", false, "disallow duplicate colours in the code") flag.Parse()
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) m, err := NewMastermind(*colours, *holes, *guesses, *unique) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } err = m.Play() if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } }
type mastermind struct { colours int holes int guesses int unique bool
code string past []string // history of guesses scores []string // history of scores }
func NewMastermind(colours, holes, guesses int, unique bool) (*mastermind, error) { if colours < 2 || colours > 20 { return nil, errors.New("colours must be between 2 and 20 inclusive") } if holes < 4 || holes > 10 { return nil, errors.New("holes must be between 4 and 10 inclusive") } if guesses < 7 || guesses > 20 { return nil, errors.New("guesses must be between 7 and 20 inclusive") } if unique && holes > colours { return nil, errors.New("holes must be > colours when using unique") }
return &mastermind{ colours: colours, holes: holes, guesses: guesses, unique: unique, past: make([]string, 0, guesses), scores: make([]string, 0, guesses), }, nil }
func (m *mastermind) Play() error { m.generateCode() fmt.Printf("A set of %s has been selected as the code.\n", m.describeCode(m.unique)) fmt.Printf("You have %d guesses.\n", m.guesses) for len(m.past) < m.guesses { guess, err := m.inputGuess() if err != nil { return err } fmt.Println() m.past = append(m.past, guess) str, won := m.scoreString(m.score(guess)) if won { plural := "es" if len(m.past) == 1 { plural = "" } fmt.Printf("You found the code in %d guess%s.\n", len(m.past), plural) return nil } m.scores = append(m.scores, str) m.printHistory() fmt.Println() } fmt.Printf("You are out of guesses. The code was %s.\n", m.code) return nil }
const charset = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" const blacks = "XXXXXXXXXX" const whites = "OOOOOOOOOO" const nones = "----------"
func (m *mastermind) describeCode(unique bool) string { ustr := "" if unique { ustr = " unique" } return fmt.Sprintf("%d%s letters (from 'A' to %q)", m.holes, ustr, charset[m.colours-1], ) }
func (m *mastermind) printHistory() { for i, g := range m.past { fmt.Printf("-----%s---%[1]s--\n", nones[:m.holes]) fmt.Printf("%2d: %s : %s\n", i+1, g, m.scores[i]) } }
func (m *mastermind) generateCode() { code := make([]byte, m.holes) if m.unique { p := rand.Perm(m.colours) for i := range code { code[i] = charset[p[i]] } } else { for i := range code { code[i] = charset[rand.Intn(m.colours)] } } m.code = string(code) //log.Printf("code is %q", m.code) }
func (m *mastermind) inputGuess() (string, error) { var input string for { fmt.Printf("Enter guess #%d: ", len(m.past)+1) if _, err := fmt.Scanln(&input); err != nil { return "", err } input = strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(input)) if m.validGuess(input) { return input, nil } fmt.Printf("A guess must consist of %s.\n", m.describeCode(false)) } }
func (m *mastermind) validGuess(input string) bool { if len(input) != m.holes { return false } for i := 0; i < len(input); i++ { c := input[i] if c < 'A' || c > charset[m.colours-1] { return false } } return true }
func (m *mastermind) score(guess string) (black, white int) { scored := make([]bool, m.holes) for i := 0; i < len(guess); i++ { if guess[i] == m.code[i] { black++ scored[i] = true } } for i := 0; i < len(guess); i++ { if guess[i] == m.code[i] { continue } for j := 0; j < len(m.code); j++ { if i != j && !scored[j] && guess[i] == m.code[j] { white++ scored[j] = true } } } return }
func (m *mastermind) scoreString(black, white int) (string, bool) { none := m.holes - black - white return blacks[:black] + whites[:white] + nones[:none], black == m.holes }</lang>
- Output (using Knuth's five-guess algorithm):
A set of 4 letters (from 'A' to 'F') has been selected as the code. You have 12 guesses. [... output of first guesses omitted ...] Enter guess #4: FEDE ------------------ 1: AABB : ---- ------------------ 2: FFED : XOOO ------------------ 3: DFDF : XO-- ------------------ 4: FEDE : XOOO Enter guess #5: EFFE You found the code in 5 guesses.
Kotlin
<lang scala>// version 1.2.51
import java.util.Random
val rand = Random()
class Mastermind {
private val codeLen: Int private val colorsCnt: Int private var guessCnt = 0 private val repeatClr: Boolean
private val colors: String private var combo = ""
private val guesses = mutableListOf<CharArray>() private val results = mutableListOf<CharArray>()
constructor(codeLen: Int, colorsCnt: Int, guessCnt: Int, repeatClr: Boolean) {
val color = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST"
this.codeLen = codeLen.coerceIn(4, 10)
var cl = colorsCnt
if (!repeatClr && cl < this.codeLen) cl = this.codeLen
this.colorsCnt = cl.coerceIn(2, 20)
this.guessCnt = guessCnt.coerceIn(7, 20)
this.repeatClr = repeatClr
this.colors = color.take(this.colorsCnt)
}
fun play() {
var win = false
combo = getCombo()
while (guessCnt != 0) {
showBoard()
if (checkInput(getInput())) {
win = true
break
}
guessCnt--
}
println("\n\n--------------------------------")
if (win) {
println("Very well done!\nYou found the code: $combo")
}
else {
println("I am sorry, you couldn't make it!\nThe code was: $combo")
}
println("--------------------------------\n")
}
private fun showBoard() {
for (x in 0 until guesses.size) {
println("\n--------------------------------")
print("${x + 1}: ")
for (y in guesses[x]) print("$y ")
print(" : ")
for (y in results[x]) print("$y ")
val z = codeLen - results[x].size
if (z > 0) print("- ".repeat(z))
}
println("\n")
}
private fun getInput(): String {
while (true) {
print("Enter your guess ($colors): ")
val a = readLine()!!.toUpperCase().take(codeLen)
if (a.all { it in colors } ) return a
}
}
private fun checkInput(a: String): Boolean {
guesses.add(a.toCharArray())
var black = 0
var white = 0
val gmatch = BooleanArray(codeLen)
val cmatch = BooleanArray(codeLen)
for (i in 0 until codeLen) {
if (a[i] == combo[i]) {
gmatch[i] = true
cmatch[i] = true
black++
}
}
for (i in 0 until codeLen) {
if (gmatch[i]) continue
for (j in 0 until codeLen) {
if (i == j || cmatch[j]) continue
if (a[i] == combo[j]) {
cmatch[j] = true
white++
break
}
}
}
val r = mutableListOf<Char>()
r.addAll("X".repeat(black).toList())
r.addAll("O".repeat(white).toList())
results.add(r.toCharArray())
return black == codeLen
}
private fun getCombo(): String {
val c = StringBuilder()
val clr = StringBuilder(colors)
for (s in 0 until codeLen) {
val z = rand.nextInt(clr.length)
c.append(clr[z])
if (!repeatClr) clr.deleteCharAt(z)
}
return c.toString()
}
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val m = Mastermind(4, 8, 12, false) m.play()
}</lang>
Sample input/output (showing last 2 guesses only):
Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): hcgb -------------------------------- 1: A B C D : O - - - -------------------------------- 2: E F G H : X O O - -------------------------------- 3: E G F A : O O - - -------------------------------- 4: G F E A : O O - - -------------------------------- 5: F H G B : X X O - -------------------------------- 6: F B G C : X O - - -------------------------------- 7: F G A B : X O - - -------------------------------- 8: A H G C : X O - - -------------------------------- 9: G H D B : X O O - -------------------------------- 10: H A G B : X X X - -------------------------------- 11: H C G B : X X X - Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): hegb -------------------------------- Very well done! You found the code: HEGB --------------------------------
Lua
Based on C++ <lang lua> math.randomseed( os.time() ) local black, white, none, code = "X", "O", "-" local colors, codeLen, maxGuess, rept, alpha, opt = 6, 4, 10, false, "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST", "" local guesses, results function createCode()
code = ""
local dic, a = ""
for i = 1, colors do
dic = dic .. alpha:sub( i, i )
end
for i = 1, codeLen do
a = math.floor( math.random( 1, #dic ) )
code = code .. dic:sub( a, a )
if not rept then
dic = dic:sub(1, a - 1 ) .. dic:sub( a + 1, #dic )
end
end
end function checkInput( inp )
table.insert( guesses, inp )
local b, w, fnd, str = 0, 0, {}, ""
for bl = 1, codeLen do
if inp:sub( bl, bl ) == code:sub( bl, bl ) then
b = b + 1; fnd[bl] = true
else
for wh = 1, codeLen do
if nil == fnd[bl] and wh ~= bl and inp:sub( wh, wh ) == code:sub( bl, bl ) then
w = w + 1; fnd[bl] = true
end
end
end
end
for i = 1, b do str = str .. string.format( "%s ", black ) end
for i = 1, w do str = str .. string.format( "%s ", white ) end
for i = 1, 2 * codeLen - #str, 2 do str = str .. string.format( "%s ", none ) end
table.insert( results, str )
return b == codeLen
end function play()
local err, win, r = true, false;
for j = 1, colors do opt = opt .. alpha:sub( j, j ) end
while( true ) do
createCode(); guesses, results = {}, {}
for i = 1, maxGuess do
err = true;
while( err ) do
io.write( string.format( "\n-------------------------------\nYour guess (%s)?", opt ) )
inp = io.read():upper();
if #inp == codeLen then
err = false;
for k = 1, #inp do
if( nil == opt:find( inp:sub( k, k ) ) ) then
err = true;
break;
end
end
end
end
if( checkInput( inp ) ) then win = true; break
else
for l = 1, #guesses do
print( string.format( "%.2d: %s : %s", l, guesses[l], results[l] ) )
end
end
end
if win then print( "\nWell done!" )
else print( string.format( "\nSorry, you did not crack the code --> %s!", code ) )
end
io.write( "Play again( Y/N )? " ); r = io.read()
if r ~= "Y" and r ~= "y" then break end
end
end --entry point --- if arg[1] ~= nil and tonumber( arg[1] ) > 1 and tonumber( arg[1] ) < 21 then colors = tonumber( arg[1] ) end if arg[2] ~= nil and tonumber( arg[2] ) > 3 and tonumber( arg[2] ) < 11 then codeLen = tonumber( arg[2] ) end if arg[3] ~= nil and tonumber( arg[3] ) > 6 and tonumber( arg[3] ) < 21 then maxGuess = tonumber( arg[3] ) end if arg[4] ~= nil and arg[4] == "true" or arg[4] == "false" then rept = ( arg[4] == "true" ) end play() </lang>
- Output:
------------------------------- Your guess (ABCDEF)?bcde 01: BCDE : X X - - ------------------------------- Your guess (ABCDEF)?bcaf 01: BCDE : X X - - 02: BCAF : X O O - ------------------------------- Your guess (ABCDEF)?badf 01: BCDE : X X - - 02: BCAF : X O O - 03: BADF : X X O - ------------------------------- Your guess (ABCDEF)?bafe Well done! Play again( Y/N )?
Perl
<lang perl>use List::Util qw(any);
print 'Enter pool size, puzzle size, attempts allowed: '; ($pool,$length,$tries) = split /\s+/, <>; $length = 4 if $length eq or $length < 3 or $length > 11; $pool = 6 if $pool eq or $pool < 2 or $pool > 21; $tries = 10 if $tries eq or $tries < 7 or $tries > 21;
@valid = sort { -1 + 2*int(rand 2) } ('A' .. 'T')[0..$pool-1]; @puzzle = @valid[0..$length-1];
$black = '●'; $white = '○';
while () {
header();
print "$_\n" for @guesses;
lose() if @guesses == $tries;
@guess = get_guess();
next unless is_valid(@guess);
$score = score(\@puzzle, \@guess);
win() if $score eq join ' ', ($black) x $length;
push @guesses, join(' ', @guess) . ' :: ' . $score;
}
sub score {
local *puzzle = shift;
local *guess = shift;
my @score;
for $i (0..$length-1) {
if ( $puzzle[$i] eq $guess[$i]) { push @score, $black }
elsif (any {$puzzle[$i] eq $_} @guess) { push @score, $white }
else { push @score, '-' }
}
join ' ', reverse sort @score;
}
sub header {
$num = $tries - @guesses;
print "Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ●\n";
print "Guess the $length element sequence containing the letters " . join(', ', sort @valid) . "\n";
printf "Repeats are not allowed. You have $num guess%s remaining\n", $num > 1 ? 'es' : ;
}
sub get_guess { print 'Your guess?: '; $g = <>; return split /\s*/, uc $g }
sub is_valid { $length == @_ }
sub win { print 'You win! The correct answer is: ' . join(' ',@puzzle) . "\n"; exit }
sub lose { print 'Too bad, you ran out of guesses. The solution was: ' . join(' ',@puzzle) . "\n"; exit } </lang> Sample output, omitting redundant instructions.
- Output:
Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ● Guess the 4 element sequence containing the letters A, B, C, D, E, F Repeats are not allowed. You have 10 guesses remaining Your guess?: a b c e A B C E :: ○ ○ ○ - Your guess?: b a d c Repeats are not allowed. You have 8 guesses remaining A B C E :: ○ ○ ○ - B A D C :: ● ● ○ ○ Your guess?: a b c d Repeats are not allowed. You have 7 guesses remaining A B C E :: ○ ○ ○ - B A D C :: ● ● ○ ○ A B C D :: ○ ○ ○ ○ Your guess?: b d a c You win! The correct answer is: B D A C
Perl 6
By default, plays classic Mastermind using letters in place of colors. ( 4 chosen from 6, no repeats, 10 guess limit. ) Pass in parameters to modify the game. Enter a string of --length (default 4) letters with or without spaces. Guesses accept lower or upper case. <lang perl6>sub MAIN (
Int :$colors where 1 < * < 21 = 6, Int :$length where 3 < * < 11 = 4,
Int :$guesses where 7 < * < 21 = 10, Bool :$repeat = False
) {
my @valid = ('A' .. 'T')[^$colors];
my $puzzle = $repeat ?? @valid.roll($length) !! @valid.pick($length);
my @guesses;
my $black = '●'; my $white = '○';
loop {
clearscr();
say header();
printf " %{$length * 2}s :: %s\n", @guesses[$_][0], @guesses[$_][1] for ^@guesses;
say ;
lose() if @guesses == $guesses;
my $guess = get-guess();
next unless $guess.&is-valid;
my $score = score($puzzle, $guess);
win() if $score eq ($black xx $length).join: ' ';
@guesses.push: [$guess, $score];
}
sub header {
my $num = $guesses - @guesses;
qq:to/END/;
Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ●
Guess the {$length} element sequence containing the letters {@valid}
Repeats are {$repeat ?? !! 'not '}allowed. You have $num guess{ $num == 1 ?? !! 'es'} remaining.
END
}
sub score ($puzzle, $guess) {
my @score;
for ^$length {
if $puzzle[$_] eq $guess[$_] {
@score.push: $black;
}
elsif $puzzle[$_] eq any(@$guess) {
@score.push: $white;
}
else {
@score.push('-');
}
}
@score.sort.reverse.join: ' ';
}
sub clearscr { $*KERNEL ~~ /'win32'/ ?? run('cls') !! run('clear') }
sub get-guess { (uc prompt 'Your guess?: ').comb(/@valid/) }
sub is-valid (@guess) { so $length == @guess }
sub win { say 'You Win! The correct answer is: ', $puzzle; exit }
sub lose { say 'Too bad, you ran out of guesses. The solution was: ', $puzzle; exit }
}</lang>
- Sample output:
Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ● Guess the 4 element sequence containing the letters A B C D E F Repeats are not allowed. You have 5 guesses remaining. A B C D :: ○ ○ ○ - C A B E :: ● ○ ○ - D A E F :: ● ○ - - B A E C :: ● ○ ○ - D E B C :: ○ ○ ○ ○ Your guess?: cdeb You Win! The correct answer is: (C D E B)
Phix
OTT GUI solution, fully configurable with solver. <lang Phix>-- demo/rosetta/mastermind.exw constant SET_LIMIT = 100_000 -- above this, it uses sampling.
constant help_text = """ The game of mastermind, with a Knuth solver.
Specify the number of colours (1..20), the code length (1..10), the number of guesses allowed (1-20), and whether colours can be repeated. The latter is automatically ticked when length>colours (and greyed-out inactive), since no codes could ever be generated without some repeats.
Note that at the highest settings there are 10,240,000,000,000 possible answers: the (order n squared) analysis of that is simply not practical, as indeed is simply building the initial list of all possible answers, and therefore a fixed limit of 100,000 has been applied, which also just about manages to keep the program responsive. I tried to replace excluded samples after each turn but at 90/99/99.9% failure rates that becomes pointless very quickly, and obviously if the actual answer is not in the 100,000 samples, it cannot possibly find it. You can always trim the search space back to something more reasonable at any time, and still play the game if that limit is breached, but with weaker hints.
Conversely the lowest settings do not make for an interesting game, but proved quite useful when ironing out some bugs, so were left in.
The Use button (disabled until something useful found) allows you to take the best found (so far), displayed at the top of the colours frame. Obviously "1/1 (100%)" means that it has deduced the correct answser. Below that the colours frame shows all available colours, which can be individually clicked in any order.
Press Delete or click on the last peg (in the left-hand game frame) to remove it, before the last one is placed, however once full your turn is immediately scored and cannot be undone.
New Game, Help, and Exit buttons are assumed to be self-explanatory. Changing the option settings implicitly triggers a new game, except for the number of permitted guesses (pre-game over). Reducing the number of guesses can also be used as a means of conceding.
When a correct guess is entered or all guesses have been used the hint and colours are replaced with "GAME OVER - YOU WIN/LOSE" under the actual answer. """
include pGUI.e
Ihandle dlg, colours, codelen, maxgoes, repeats, progress,
usehint, game_canvas, colour_canvas
integer ncolours, ncodelen, nmaxgoes bool brepeats
sequence secret = {},
hint = {},
guesses = {{}},
scores = {}
-- -- note: while the game is ongoing, length(guesses) should always be -- length(scores)+1; equal lengths is equivalent to game over. --
function get_score(sequence guess, goal) integer blacks = 0, -- (right colour & place)
whites = 0 -- ("" but wrong place)
for i=1 to length(guess) do
if guess[i]=goal[i] then
blacks += 1
guess[i] = ' '
goal[i] = ' '
end if
end for
for i=1 to length(guess) do
if guess[i]!=' ' then
integer k = find(guess[i],goal)
if k then
whites += 1
goal[k] = ' '
end if
end if
end for
return {blacks, whites}
end function
function random_set()
sequence cset = tagset(ncolours),
res = repeat(0,ncodelen)
for i=1 to ncodelen do
integer c = rand(length(cset))
res[i] = cset[c]
if not brepeats then
cset[c..c] = {}
end if
end for
return res
end function
sequence initial_set,
excluded
atom is_len, -- logically length(initial_set), except when > SET_LIMIT.
is_excluded
procedure create_initial_set()
is_len = iff(brepeats?power(ncolours,ncodelen):k_perm(ncolours,ncodelen))
if is_len<=SET_LIMIT then
-- full set
initial_set = repeat(0,is_len)
excluded = repeat(false,is_len)
is_excluded = 0
sequence next = iff(brepeats?repeat(1,ncodelen):tagset(ncodelen))
for i=1 to is_len do
initial_set[i] = next
for ndx=length(next) to 1 by -1 do
integer n = next[ndx]
while n<=ncolours do
n += 1
if brepeats
-- or not find(n,next[1..ndx-1]) then
or not find(n,next) then --(see below)
exit
end if
end while
next[ndx] = n
if n<=ncolours then
if not brepeats then
--
-- eg in the 4 colours and 4 holes case,
-- (start) (above) (this)
-- {1,2,3,4} --> {1,2,4,_} --> {1,2,4,3}
-- {1,2,4,3} --> {1,3,_,_} --> {1,3,2,4}
-- ... (20 other cases omitted)
-- {4,3,1,2} --> {4,3,2,_} --> {4,3,2,1}
--
-- note this is probably sub-optimal, then
-- again insignificant vs. o(n^2) analysis
-- which is about to follow.
--
for j=ndx+1 to length(next) do
for k=1 to ncolours do
-- if not find(k,next[1..j-1]) then
if not find(k,next) then --(see below)
next[j] = k
exit
end if
end for
end for
end if
exit
end if
--
-- technical note: if not brepeats, we are going to
-- replace all next[ndx..$] later/above anyway, but
-- replacing with 0 means we can avoid those slices.
-- The next three all work: 1 is perfect for the
-- brepeats=true case, but brepeats=false needs the
-- above slices, while the 2nd & 3rd are equivalent
-- the latter is obviously somewhat faster, at the
-- cost of a wtf?!, without a comment such as this.
--
-- next[ndx] = 1 -- next[ndx] = iff(brepeats?1:0)
next[ndx] = brepeats -- (equivalent)
end for
end for
else
--
-- generate SET_LIMIT random codes
-- note that if (as is quite likely) the actual answer is
-- not present in initial_set, then obviously it cannot
-- possibly find it!
--
initial_set = repeat(0,SET_LIMIT)
excluded = repeat(false,SET_LIMIT)
is_excluded = 0
for i=1 to SET_LIMIT do
initial_set[i] = random_set()
end for
end if
end procedure
atom done, is_done, best bool best_excluded
function idle_action()
atom to_do = length(initial_set)-is_excluded,
t1 = time()+1
string samp = iff(is_len=length(initial_set)?"":sprintf(" samples of %,d",{is_len}))
for i=1 to 100000 do -- reasonable slice of work
done += 1
is_done += not excluded[done]
sequence guest = initial_set[done],
scores = {}, counts = {}
if not find(guest,guesses) then
for j=1 to length(initial_set) do
if not excluded[j] then
sequence s = get_score(guest,initial_set[j])
integer k = find(s,scores)
if k=0 then
scores = append(scores,s)
counts = append(counts,1)
else
counts[k] += 1
end if
end if
end for
if length(counts)=0 then
IupSetStrAttribute(progress,"TITLE","[answer not in %,d%s]",{SET_LIMIT,samp})
return IUP_IGNORE -- (stop idle)
end if
integer k = largest(counts,return_index:=true),
ck = counts[k]
if ck<best
or (ck=best and best_excluded>excluded[done]) then
-- (^^ old was ^^^ new ain't ^^)
-- aka old=true(1)>this=false(0)
best = ck
hint = guest
best_excluded = excluded[done]
IupSetInt(usehint,"ACTIVE",true)
IupUpdate(colour_canvas)
end if
end if
if done=length(initial_set) then
IupSetStrAttribute(progress,"TITLE","%,d/%,d%s (100%%)",{is_done,to_do,samp})
return IUP_IGNORE -- (stop idle)
end if
if time()>t1 then exit end if
end for
IupSetStrAttribute(progress,"TITLE","%,d/%,d%s (%d%%)",{is_done,to_do,samp,100*(is_done/to_do)})
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function constant idle_action_cb = Icallback("idle_action")
procedure start_idle()
done = 0
is_done = 0
best = length(initial_set)+1
IupSetGlobalFunction("IDLE_ACTION",idle_action_cb)
end procedure
procedure new_game()
ncolours = IupGetInt(colours,"VALUE")
ncodelen = IupGetInt(codelen,"VALUE")
nmaxgoes = IupGetInt(maxgoes,"VALUE")
brepeats = IupGetInt(repeats,"VALUE")
secret = random_set()
guesses = {{}}
scores = {}
hint = {}
create_initial_set()
start_idle()
end procedure
constant colour_table = {#e6194b, -- Red
#3cb44b, -- Green
#ffe119, -- Yellow
#4363d8, -- Blue
#f58231, -- Orange
#911eb4, -- Purple
#42d4f4, -- Cyan
#f032e6, -- Magenta
#bfef45, -- Lime
#fabebe, -- Pink
#469990, -- Teal
#e6beff, -- Lavender
#9A6324, -- Brown
#fffac8, -- Beige
#800000, -- Maroon
#aaffc3, -- Mint
#808000, -- Olive
#ffd8b1, -- Apricot
#000075, -- Navy
#a9a9a9} -- Grey
-- saved in redraw_cb(), for click testing in button_cb(): sequence last_guess = {},
colour_centres = {}
integer guess_r2 = 0,
colour_r2 = 0
function redraw_cb(Ihandle ih, integer /*posx*/, integer /*posy*/)
Ihandle frame = IupGetParent(ih)
string title = IupGetAttribute(ih,"TITLE")
if not find(title,{"Game","Colours"}) then ?9/0 end if
integer {cw,ch} = IupGetIntInt(ih, "DRAWSIZE")
cdCanvas cddbuffer = IupGetAttributePtr(ih,"DBUFFER")
IupGLMakeCurrent(ih)
cdCanvasActivate(cddbuffer)
cdCanvasClear(cddbuffer)
if title="Game" then
integer mx = min(floor(cw/(ncodelen*1.5+0.5)),floor(ch/(nmaxgoes+1))),
diameter = floor(mx/2),
px = floor((cw-(ncodelen*1.5+0.5)*mx)/2), -- (set margin)
cy = ch, cx, c, r
last_guess = {}
for g=1 to length(guesses) do
cy -= mx
cx = px+floor(mx/2)
for i=1 to 2*ncodelen+1 do
if i<=ncodelen then
if i<=length(guesses[g]) then
c = colour_table[guesses[g][i]]
if g=length(guesses) then
last_guess = Template:Cx,ch-cy
end if
else
c = CD_GREY
end if
r = diameter
else
c = CD_GREY
integer k = i-ncodelen-1
if k>=1 and g<=length(scores) then
integer {b,w} = scores[g]
c = iff(k<=b ? CD_BLACK : iff(k<=b+w ? CD_WHITE : CD_GREY))
end if
r = floor(diameter*0.5)
end if
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,c)
if i!=ncodelen+1 then
cdCanvasSector(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r, r, 0, 360)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,CD_DARK_GREY)
cdCanvasCircle(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r)
end if
cx += iff(i<ncodelen?mx:floor(mx/2))
end for
end for
guess_r2 = floor(diameter*diameter/4)
elsif title="Colours" then
integer mx = min(floor(cw/ncodelen),floor(ch/2)),
r = floor(mx/2),
px = floor((cw-ncodelen*mx)/2), -- (set margin)
cy = ch-r, cx, c
cx = px+floor(mx/2)
bool active = length(hint)>0
if length(scores)=nmaxgoes then
hint = secret
active = true
end if
for i=1 to ncodelen do
c = iff(active?colour_table[hint[i]]:CD_GREY)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,c)
cdCanvasSector(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r, r, 0, 360)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,CD_DARK_GREY)
cdCanvasCircle(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r)
cx += mx
end for
if length(scores)=nmaxgoes
or guesses[$]=secret then
ch -= floor(mx/2)
{} = cdCanvasTextAlignment(cddbuffer, CD_CENTER)
string wl = iff(guesses[$]=secret?"WIN":"LOSE"),
msg = sprintf("GAME OVER - YOU %s",{wl})
cdCanvasText(cddbuffer, cw/2, ch/2, msg)
else
integer ch0 = ch
ch -= mx
--
-- calculate the best nw*nh way to fit all the colours in:
-- (if nw ends up = ncodelen there is no clear separation
-- between the hint and the colour table; the start with
-- ncodelen+1 solves that and looks pretty good to me.)
--
integer nw = ncodelen+1, -- (as above)
nh = 1
while nw*nh<ncolours do
if (cw/(nw+1))>(ch/(nh+1)) then
nw += 1
else
nh += 1
end if
end while
--
-- now draw all the colours
--
mx = min(floor(cw/nw),floor(ch/nh))
r = floor(mx/2)
px = floor((cw-nw*mx)/2)
cx = px+floor(mx/2)
cy = ch-r
integer this_row = 0
colour_centres = repeat(0,ncolours)
colour_r2 = floor(r*r/4)
for i=1 to ncolours do
colour_centres[i] = {cx,ch0-cy}
c = colour_table[i]
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,c)
cdCanvasSector(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r, r, 0, 360)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,CD_DARK_GREY)
cdCanvasCircle(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r)
cx += mx
this_row += 1
if this_row>=nw then
this_row = 0
cx = px + floor(mx/2)
cy -= mx
end if
end for
end if
end if
cdCanvasFlush(cddbuffer)
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function map_cb(Ihandle ih)
IupGLMakeCurrent(ih)
atom res = IupGetDouble(NULL, "SCREENDPI")/25.4
cdCanvas cddbuffer = cdCreateCanvas(CD_GL, "10x10 %g", {res})
IupSetAttributePtr(ih,"DBUFFER",cddbuffer)
cdCanvasSetBackground(cddbuffer, CD_PARCHMENT)
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function canvas_resize_cb(Ihandle canvas)
cdCanvas cddbuffer = IupGetAttributePtr(canvas,"DBUFFER")
integer {canvas_width, canvas_height} = IupGetIntInt(canvas, "DRAWSIZE")
atom res = IupGetDouble(NULL, "SCREENDPI")/25.4
cdCanvasSetAttribute(cddbuffer, "SIZE", "%dx%d %g", {canvas_width, canvas_height, res})
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
procedure redraw_all()
IupUpdate({game_canvas,colour_canvas})
end procedure
procedure undo_move() -- Called from button_cb and from K_DEL, but latter may be invalid.
if length(guesses[$])!=0 then
guesses[$] = guesses[$][1..$-1]
redraw_all()
end if
end procedure
procedure add_move(integer i)
if i!=0 then
guesses[$] &= i
end if
if length(guesses[$])=ncodelen then
sequence guest = guesses[$],
score = get_score(guest,secret)
scores = append(scores,score)
if score!={ncodelen,0} -- (not all black==game over)
and length(guesses)<nmaxgoes then
for i=1 to length(initial_set) do
if not excluded[i] then
bool ei = get_score(guest,initial_set[i])!=score
if ei then
if length(initial_set)!=is_len then
--
-- Sadly, if we have been offering good hints,
-- that means any replacement is 90/99/99.9%
-- likely to also be excluded, hence this
-- becomes quite pointless (or ludicrously
-- expensive if we loop) *very* quickly....
--
initial_set[i] = random_set()
ei = get_score(guest,initial_set[i])!=score
end if
if ei then
excluded[i] = true
is_excluded += 1
end if
end if
end if
end for
guesses = append(guesses,{})
hint = {}
IupSetInt(usehint,"ACTIVE",false)
start_idle()
end if
end if
redraw_all()
end procedure
function usehint_cb(Ihandle /*usehint*/)
guesses[$] = hint add_move(0) return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function button_cb(Ihandle canvas, integer button, pressed, x, y, atom /*pStatus*/)
Ihandle frame = IupGetParent(canvas)
string title = IupGetAttribute(frame,"TITLE")
if not find(title,{"Game","Colours"}) then ?9/0 end if
if button=IUP_BUTTON1 and not pressed then -- (left button released)
{sequence centres, integer r2} = iff(title="Game"?{last_guess,guess_r2}
:{colour_centres,colour_r2})
for i=1 to length(centres) do
integer {cx,cy} = sq_sub(centres[i],{x,y})
if (cx*cx+cy*cy)<=r2 then
if title="Game" then
undo_move()
else
add_move(i)
end if
exit
end if
end for
end if
return IUP_CONTINUE
end function
function new_game_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/)
new_game() redraw_all() return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function exit_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/)
return IUP_CLOSE
end function constant cb_exit = Icallback("exit_cb")
function help_cb(Ihandln /*ih*/)
IupMessage("Mastermind",help_text)
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function key_cb(Ihandle /*dlg*/, atom c)
if c=K_ESC then return IUP_CLOSE end if
if c=K_F1 then return help_cb(NULL) end if
if find(c,{K_DEL,K_BS}) then undo_move() end if
return IUP_CONTINUE
end function
function valuechanged_cb(Ihandle ih)
ncolours = IupGetInt(colours,"VALUE")
ncodelen = IupGetInt(codelen,"VALUE")
nmaxgoes = IupGetInt(maxgoes,"VALUE")
IupSetInt(repeats,"ACTIVE",ncodelen<=ncolours)
if ncodelen>ncolours then
IupSetInt(repeats,"VALUE",true)
end if
brepeats = IupGetInt(repeats,"VALUE")
if ih!=maxgoes
or length(scores)=length(guesses) then -- (game over)
new_game()
elsif nmaxgoes<=length(scores) then
-- (signal/force game over state)
guesses = guesses[1..length(scores)]
end if
redraw_all()
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function constant cb_valuechanged = Icallback("valuechanged_cb")
procedure main()
IupOpen()
colours = IupText("SPIN=Yes, SPINMIN=1, SPINMAX=20, VALUE=6, RASTERSIZE=34x")
codelen = IupText("SPIN=Yes, SPINMIN=1, SPINMAX=10, VALUE=4, RASTERSIZE=34x")
maxgoes = IupText("SPIN=Yes, SPINMIN=1, SPINMAX=20, VALUE=7, RASTERSIZE=34x")
repeats = IupToggle("Repeatable?","VALUE=YES, RIGHTBUTTON=YES, PADDING=5x4")
progress = IupLabel("-","EXPAND=HORIZONTAL, PADDING=5x4")
usehint = IupButton("Use",Icallback("usehint_cb"),"PADDING=5x4, ACTIVE=NO")
game_canvas = IupGLCanvas("RASTERSIZE=200x")
colour_canvas = IupGLCanvas("RASTERSIZE=x200")
Ihandle newgame = IupButton("New Game",Icallback("new_game_cb"),"PADDING=5x4"),
help = IupButton("Help (F1)",Icallback("help_cb"),"PADDING=5x4"),
quit = IupButton("E&xit",Icallback("exit_cb"),"PADDING=5x4"),
vbox = IupVbox({IupHbox({IupLabel("Colours (1-20)","PADDING=5x4"),colours}),
IupHbox({IupLabel("Code Length (1-10)","PADDING=5x4"),codelen}),
IupHbox({IupLabel("Guesses (1-20)","PADDING=5x4"),maxgoes}),
IupHbox({repeats},"MARGIN=10x5"),
IupHbox({progress}),
IupHbox({usehint,newgame,help,quit})},"MARGIN=5x5"),
game_frame = IupFrame(IupHbox({game_canvas},"MARGIN=3x3"),"TITLE=Game"),
option_frame = IupFrame(vbox,"TITLE=Options"),
colour_frame = IupFrame(colour_canvas,"TITLE=Colours"),
full = IupHbox({game_frame,IupVbox({option_frame,colour_frame})})
IupSetCallbacks({colours,codelen,maxgoes,repeats}, {"VALUECHANGED_CB", cb_valuechanged})
IupSetCallbacks({game_canvas,colour_canvas}, {"ACTION", Icallback("redraw_cb"),
"MAP_CB", Icallback("map_cb"),
"RESIZE_CB", Icallback("canvas_resize_cb"),
"BUTTON_CB", Icallback("button_cb")})
dlg = IupDialog(IupHbox({full},"MARGIN=3x3"),"TITLE=Mastermind")
IupSetCallback(dlg, "K_ANY", Icallback("key_cb"))
IupSetAttributeHandle(dlg,"DEFAULTENTER", usehint)
new_game()
IupShowXY(dlg,IUP_CENTER,IUP_CENTER) IupSetAttribute(dlg, "RASTERSIZE", NULL) IupSetStrAttribute(dlg, "MINSIZE", IupGetAttribute(dlg,"RASTERSIZE")) IupMainLoop() IupClose()
end procedure main()</lang>
REXX
More checks could have been added (for illegal inputs and illegal options). <lang rexx>/*REXX pgm scores mastermind game with a human or CBLFs (Carbon Based Life Forms). */ parse arg let wid mxG oRep seed _ /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/
arg . . . rep . /*get uppercase 4th argument " " " */
if let== | let=="," then let= 20 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ if wid== | wid=="," then wid= 4 /* " " " " " " */ if mxG== | mxG=="," then mxG= 20 /* " " " " " " */ if rep== | rep=="," then rep= 0 /* " " " " " " */ if datatype(seed,'W') then call random ,,seed /*use a seed for random repeatability. */ if abbrev( 'REPEATSALLOWED',rep,3) then rep=1 /*allow an abbreviated option for REP. */ if abbrev('NOREPEATSALLOWED',rep,3) then rep=0 /* " " " " " " */ call vet arg(), 'args' /*Vet the number of arguments entered. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/ call vet let, 'letters', 2, 20 /* " " " " letters in the code*/ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/ call vet wid, 'width', 4, 10 /* " " " " the width of code. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/ call vet mxG, 'maxGuess', 7, 20 /* " " " " maximum guesses. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/ call vet rep, 'REP', 0, 1e8 /* " " value if repeats are allowed*/ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/ call gen; yourG= 'Your guess must be exactly '
youve= "You've already tried that guess "
do prompt=0 by 0 until xx==wid; say /*play until guessed or QUIT is entered*/
say id 'Please enter a guess with ' wid ' letters [or Quit]:'
pull g; g=space(g,0); L=length(g); if abbrev('QUIT',g,1) then exit 0
if L\==wid then do; say id '***error***' yourG wid " letters."; iterate; end
call dups /*look through the history log for dups*/
q=?; XX=0; OO=0; try=try+1 /*initialize some REXX vars; bump TRY.*/
do j=1 for L; if substr(g,j,1) \== substr(q,j,1) then iterate /*hit? */
xx=xx+1; q=overlay('▒', q, j) /*bump the XX correct count. */
end /*j*/ /* [↑] XX correct count; scrub guess.*/
do k=1 for L; _=substr(g, k, 1) /*process the count for "spots". */
if pos(_, q)==0 then iterate /*is this (spot) letter in the code? */
oo=oo+1; q=translate(q, , _) /*bump the OO spot count. */
end /*k*/ /* [↑] OO spot count; & scrub guess.*/
say
@.try=id right('guess' try, 11) ' ('mxG "is the max):" g '──►' ,
copies('X', xx)copies("O", oo)copies('-', wid-xx-oo)
call hist
if try==mxG then do; say; say id "you've used the maximum guesses:" mxG
say; say id "The code was: " ?; say; exit 1
end
end /*prompt*/
say; say " ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐"
say " │ │"
say " │ Congratulations, you've guessed it !! │"
say " │ │"
say " └─────────────────────────────────────────┘"
exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ dups: do h=1 for try; if g\=word(@.h, 8) then iterate /*any duplicated guesses? */
say; say id youve " (guess number" h').'; iterate prompt; end /*h*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ gen: if rep==0 then reps= 'no' /*create a literal for the prompt msg. */
else reps=
@abc= 'QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM' /*capital letters used for random code.*/
id='────────'; try=0; L@abc=length(@abc) /*identifier in front of msg from here.*/
?=
do until length(?)==wid /*gen random codes 'til there's enough.*/
r=substr(@abc, random(1, L@abc), 1) /*generate a random letter, 1 at a time*/
if \rep & pos(r, ?)\==0 then iterate /*maybe don't allow a repeated digit.*/
?=? || r; if ?=='QUIT'&let==4 then ?= /*append random letter; ··· except this*/
end /*until*/ /* [↑] builds a unique N-letter code.*/
say
say id 'A random code of ' wid "letters (out of a possible " let ' letters) '
say id 'has been generated (with' reps "repeats)."
return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ hist: do hist=1 for try; say @.hist; end; return /*show "guess" history.*/ s: if arg(1)==1 then return ; return "s" /*a simpler pluraizer. */ ser: say; say; say '***error***' arg(1); say; say; exit 13 /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/ vet: parse arg val,?,mn,mx /*vet (validate) a specified argument. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if ?=="args" & (val>1 | _\=) then call ser "Too many arguments specified. " _ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if ?=="args" then return /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if \datatype(val, 'N') then call ser ? "isn't numeric: " val /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if \datatype(val, 'W') then call ser ? "isn't an integer: " val /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if val < mn then call ser ? "has a value less than " mn /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if val > mx then call ser ? "has a value greater than " mx /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if ?=='REP' & \datatype(val,W) then call ser "Value for REPEATS isn't valid: " oRep /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
return 1</lang>
output
──────── A random code of 4 letters (out of a possible 20 letters)
──────── has been generated (with no repeats).
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
abcd ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
efgh ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── guess 2 (20 is the max): EFGH ──► ----
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
ijkl ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── guess 2 (20 is the max): EFGH ──► ----
──────── guess 3 (20 is the max): IJKL ──► O---
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
mnop ◄■■■■■■ user input
···············································
· (Some of the output has been elided.) ·
···············································
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
yinp ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── guess 2 (20 is the max): EFGH ──► ----
──────── guess 3 (20 is the max): IJKL ──► O---
──────── guess 4 (20 is the max): MNOP ──► XO--
──────── guess 5 (20 is the max): WXYZ ──► O---
──────── guess 6 (20 is the max): LKHI ──► O---
──────── guess 7 (20 is the max): PONM ──► XO--
──────── guess 8 (20 is the max): ZYXW ──► O---
──────── guess 9 (20 is the max): YZWX ──► X---
──────── guess 10 (20 is the max): MOPN ──► OO--
──────── guess 11 (20 is the max): OMPN ──► OO--
──────── guess 12 (20 is the max): LKJI ──► O---
──────── guess 13 (20 is the max): JILK ──► X---
──────── guess 14 (20 is the max): YINP ──► XXXX
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ Congratulations, you've guessed it !! │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
Ring
<lang ring>
- Project : Mastermind
colors = ["A", "B", "C", "D"] places = list(2) mind = list(len(colors)) rands = list(len(colors)) master = list(len(colors)) test = list(len(colors)) guesses = 7 repeat = false nr = 0
if repeat
for n = 1 to len(colors)
while true
rnd = random(len(colors)-1) + 1
if rands[rnd] != 1
mind[n] = rnd
rands[rnd] = 1
exit
ok
end
next
else
for n = 1 to len(colors)
rnd = random(len(colors)-1) + 1
mind[n] = rnd
next
ok
for n = 1 to len(colors)
master[n] = char(64+mind[n])
next while true
for p = 1 to len(places)
places[p] = 0
next
nr = nr + 1
see "Your guess (ABCD)? "
give testbegin
for d = 1 to len(test)
test[d] = testbegin[d]
next
flag = 1
for n = 1 to len(test)
if upper(test[n]) != master[n]
flag = 0
ok
next
if flag = 1
exit
else
for x = 1 to len(master)
if upper(test[x]) = master[x]
places[1] = places[1] + 1
ok
next
mastertemp = master
for p = 1 to len(test)
pos = find(mastertemp, upper(test[p]))
if pos > 0
del(mastertemp, pos)
places[2] = places[2] + 1
ok
next
ok
place1 = places[1]
place2 = places[2] - place1
place3 = len(master) - (place1 + place2)
showresult(test, place1, place2, place3)
if nr = guesses
exit
ok
end see "Well done!" + nl see "End of game" + nl
func showresult(test, place1, place2, place3)
see "" + nr + " : "
for r = 1 to len(test)
see test[r]
next
see " : "
for n1 = 1 to place1
see "X" + " "
next
for n2 = 1 to place2
see "O" + " "
next
for n3 = 1 to place3
see "-" + " "
next
see nl
</lang> Output:
Your guess (ABCD)? BCDA 1 : BCDA : X X O - Your guess (ABCD)? BCDB 2 : BCDB : X X X - Your guess (ABCD)? BCBB 3 : BCBB : X X X - Your guess (ABCD)? BCAB Well done! End of game
zkl
<lang zkl>class MasterMind{
fcn init(code_len,guess_count){
var codeLen =code_len.max(4).min(10);
var guessCnt=guess_count.max(7).min(20);
var colors ="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST"[0,codeLen];
}
fcn play{
guesses,win,blackWhite:=List(),False,Void;
code:=codeLen.pump(String,'wrap(_){ colors[(0).random(codeLen)] });
do(guessCnt){
str:=getInput(); win,blackWhite = checkInput(str,code); guesses.append(T(str,blackWhite)); showBoard(guesses); if(win) break;
}
if(win) println("--------------------------------\n",
"Very well done!\nYou found the code: ",code);
else println("--------------------------------\n",
"I am sorry, you didn't discover the code!\nThe code was: ",code);
}
fcn [private] showBoard(guesses){
foreach n,gbw in ([1..].zip(guesses)){
guess,blackWhite := gbw;
println("%2d: %s :% s %s".fmt(n,
guess.split("").concat(" "), blackWhite.split("").concat(" "), "- "*(codeLen - blackWhite.len())));
}
}
fcn [private] getInput{
while(True){
a:=ask("Enter your guess (" + colors + "): ").toUpper()[0,codeLen]; if(not (a-colors) and a.len()>=codeLen) return(a);
}
}
fcn [private] checkInput(guess,code){
// black: guess is correct in both color and position
// white: correct color, wrong position
matched,black := guess.split("").zipWith('==,code), matched.sum(0); // remove black from code, prepend null to make counting easy code = L("-").extend(matched.zipWith('wrap(m,peg){ m and "-" or peg },code)); white:=0; foreach m,p in (matched.zip(guess)){ if(not m and (z:=code.find(p))){ white+=1; code[z]="-"; } } return(black==codeLen,"X"*black + "O"*white)
}
}(4,12).play();</lang>
- Output:
Enter your guess (ABCD): abcd 1: A B C D : X O O - Enter your guess (ABCD): abcc 1: A B C D : X O O - 2: A B C C : O O - - Enter your guess (ABCD): aaad 1: A B C D : X O O - 2: A B C C : O O - - 3: A A A D : X - - - Enter your guess (ABCD): bccd 1: A B C D : X O O - 2: A B C C : O O - - 3: A A A D : X - - - 4: B C C D : X X O - Enter your guess (ABCD): dcbd 1: A B C D : X O O - 2: A B C C : O O - - 3: A A A D : X - - - 4: B C C D : X X O - 5: D C B D : X X X X -------------------------------- Very well done! You found the code: DCBD