Elementary cellular automaton/Random number generator: Difference between revisions
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{{
[[wp:Rule 30|Rule 30]] is considered to be chaotic enough to generate good pseudo-random numbers. As a matter of fact, for a long time rule 30
Steven Wolfram's recommendation for random number generation from rule 30 consists in extracting successive bits in a fixed position in the array of cells, as the automaton changes state.
Line 12:
;Reference:
* [http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~dgerman/2005midwestNKSconference/dgelbm.pdf Cellular automata: Is Rule 30 random]? (PDF).
=={{header|11l}}==
{{trans|Nim}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="11l">V n = 64
F pow2(x)
R UInt64(1) << x
F evolve(UInt64 =state; rule)
L 10
V b = UInt64(0)
L(q) (7 .. 0).step(-1)
V st = state
b [|]= (st [&] 1) << q
state = 0
L(i) 0 .< :n
V t = ((st >> (i - 1)) [|] (st << (:n + 1 - i))) [&] 7
I (rule [&] pow2(t)) != 0
state [|]= pow2(i)
print(‘ ’b, end' ‘’)
print()
evolve(1, 30)</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151
</pre>
=={{header|C}}==
64-bits array size, cyclic borders.
<
#include <limits.h>
Line 44 ⟶ 75:
evolve(1, 30);
return 0;
}</
{{out}}
<pre> 220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151</pre>
Line 50 ⟶ 81:
=={{header|C++}}==
We'll re-write the code of the parent task here.
<
#include <stdio.h>
Line 87 ⟶ 118:
printf("%u%c", byte(state), i ? ' ' : '\n');
return 0;
}</
{{out}}
<pre>220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 240 241</pre>
Line 94 ⟶ 125:
{{trans|C}}
Adapted from the C version, with improvements and bug fixes. Optimized for performance as requested in the task description. This is a lazy range.
<
struct CellularRNG {
Line 145 ⟶ 176:
CellularRNG(1, 30).take(10).writeln;
CellularRNG(1, 30).drop(2_000_000).front.writeln;
}</
{{out}}
<pre>[220, 197, 147, 174, 117, 97, 149, 171, 100, 151]
44</pre>
Run-time: less than two seconds with the ldc2 compiler.
=={{header|FreeBASIC}}==
{{trans|Go}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="vbnet">Const n As Uinteger = 64
#define pow2(x) Culng(1) Shl x
Sub Evolve(state As Integer, rule As Integer)
Dim As Integer i, p, q
Dim As Ulongint b, st, t1, t2, t3
For p = 0 To 9
b = 0
For q = 7 To 0 Step -1
st = state
b Or= (st And 1) Shl q
state = 0
For i = 0 To n - 1
t1 = Iif(i > 0, st Shr (i - 1), st Shr 63)
Select Case i
Case 0: t2 = st Shl 1
Case 1: t2 = st Shl 63
Case Else: t2 = st Shl (n + 1 - i)
End Select
t3 = 7 And (t1 Or t2)
If (rule And pow2(t3)) <> 0 Then state Or= pow2(i)
Next i
Next q
Print Using "####"; b;
Next p
Print
End Sub
Evolve(1, 30)
Sleep</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre> 220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151</pre>
=={{header|F_Sharp|F#}}==
This task uses [[Elementary cellular automaton#The_Function]]
<syntaxhighlight lang="fsharp">
// Generate random numbers using Rule 30. Nigel Galloway: August 1st., 2019
eca 30 [|yield 1; yield! Array.zeroCreate 99|]|>Seq.chunkBySize 8|>Seq.map(fun n->n|>Array.mapi(fun n g->g.[0]<<<(7-n))|>Array.sum)|>Seq.take 10|>Seq.iter(printf "%d "); printfn ""
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 240 241
</pre>
=={{header|Go}}==
{{trans|C}}
<
import "fmt"
Line 198 ⟶ 278:
func main() {
evolve(1, 30)
}</
{{out}}
Line 209 ⟶ 289:
Assume the comonadic solution given at [[Elementary cellular automaton#Haskell]] is packed in a module <code>CellularAutomata</code>
<
import Control.Comonad
import Data.List (unfoldr)
rnd = fromBits <$> unfoldr (pure . splitAt 8) bits
where
size = 80
bits =
extract
<$> runCA
(rule 30)
(fromList (1 : replicate size 0))
fromBits = foldl (
{{Out}}
Line 225 ⟶ 310:
Using the rule 30 CA it is possible to determine the <code>RandomGen</code> instance which could be utilized by the <code>Random</code> class:
<
instance RandomGen (Cycle Int) where
next c =
in (fromBits (view x), x)
split = (,) <*> (fromList . reverse . view)</syntaxhighlight>
<pre>λ> let r30 = fromList [1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1] :: Cycle Int
Line 251 ⟶ 338:
=={{header|J}}==
ca is a cellular automata class. The rng class inherits ca and extends it with bit and byte verbs to sample the ca.
<syntaxhighlight lang="j">
coclass'ca'
DOC =: 'locale creation: (RULE ; INITIAL_STATE) conew ''ca'''
Line 263 ⟶ 350:
byte =: [: #. [: , [: bit"0 (i.8)"_
coclass'base'
</syntaxhighlight>
Having installed these into a j session we create and use the mathematica prng.
<pre>
m =: (30 ; 64 {. 1) conew 'rng'
byte__m"0 i.10
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151
</pre>
=={{header|Java}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
public class ElementaryCellularAutomatonRandomNumberGenerator {
public static void main(String[] aArgs) {
final int seed = 989898989;
evolve(seed, 30);
}
private static void evolve(int aState, int aRule) {
long state = aState;
for ( int i = 0; i <= 9; i++ ) {
int b = 0;
for ( int q = 7; q >= 0; q-- ) {
long stateCopy = state;
b |= ( stateCopy & 1 ) << q;
state = 0;
for ( int j = 0; j < BIT_COUNT; j++ ) {
long t = ( stateCopy >>> ( j - 1 ) ) | ( stateCopy << ( BIT_COUNT + 1 - j ) ) & 7;
if ( ( aRule & ( 1L << t ) ) != 0 ) {
state |= 1 << j;
}
}
}
System.out.print(" " + b);
}
System.out.println();
}
private static final int BIT_COUNT = 64;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{ out }}
<pre>
231 223 191 126 253 251 247 239 223 191
</pre>
=={{header|jq}}==
'''Works with jq and gojq, the C and Go implementations of jq'''
The following also works with jaq, the Rust implementation of jq, provided
the "include" directive is replaced with the set of definitions from
the parent task, and that a suitable alternative to 100*"0" is
presented.
<syntaxhighlight lang=jq>
include "elementary-cellular-automaton" {search : "."};
# If using jq, the def of _nwise can be omitted.
def _nwise($n):
def n: if length <= $n then . else .[0:$n] , (.[$n:] | n) end;
n;
# Input: an array of bits represented by 0s, 1s, "0"s, or "1"s
# Output: the corresponding decimal on the assumption that the leading bits are least significant,
# e.g. [0,1] => 2
def binary2number:
reduce (.[]|tonumber) as $x ({p:1}; .n += .p * $x | .p *= 2) | .n;
("1" + 100 * "0" ) | [automaton(30; 80) | .[0:1]] | [_nwise(8) | reverse | binary2number]
</syntaxhighlight>
{{output}}
<pre>
[220,197,147,174,117,97,149,171,240,241]
</pre>
=={{header|Julia}}==
{{trans|C, Go}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="julia">function evolve(state, rule, N=64)
B(x) = UInt64(1) << x
for p in 0:9
b = UInt64(0)
for q in 7:-1:0
st = UInt64(state)
b |= (st & 1) << q
state = UInt64(0)
for i in 0:N-1
t1 = (i > 0) ? st >> (i - 1) : st >> (N - 1)
t2 = (i == 0) ? st << 1 : (i == 1) ? st << (N - 1) : st << (N + 1 - i)
if UInt64(rule) & B(7 & (t1 | t2)) != 0
state |= B(i)
end
end
end
print("$b ")
end
println()
end
evolve(1, 30)
</syntaxhighlight>{{out}}
<pre>
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151
</pre>
Line 273 ⟶ 456:
=={{header|Kotlin}}==
{{trans|C}}
<
const val N = 64
Line 299 ⟶ 482:
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
evolve(1, 30)
}</
{{out}}
Line 305 ⟶ 488:
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151
</pre>
=={{header|Mathematica}} / {{header|Wolfram Language}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="mathematica">FromDigits[#, 2] & /@ Partition[Flatten[CellularAutomaton[30, {{1}, 0}, {200, 0}]], 8]</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>{220, 197, 147, 174, 117, 97, 149, 171, 240, 241, 92, 18, 199, 27, 104, 8, 251, 167, 29, 112, 100, 103, 159, 129, 253}</pre>
=={{header|Nim}}==
{{trans|Kotlin}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="nim">const N = 64
template pow2(x: uint): uint = 1u shl x
proc evolve(state: uint; rule: Positive) =
var state = state
for _ in 1..10:
var b = 0u
for q in countdown(7, 0):
let st = state
b = b or (st and 1) shl q
state = 0
for i in 0u..<N:
let t = (st shr (i - 1) or st shl (N + 1 - i)) and 7
if (rule.uint and pow2(t)) != 0: state = state or pow2(i)
stdout.write ' ', b
echo ""
evolve(1, 30)</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre> 220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151</pre>
=={{header|Pascal}}==
{{Works with|Free Pascal}}
Using ROR and ROL is as fast as assembler and more portable.<BR>[https://tio.run/##7VZdb@pGEH33r5iHSEAvYJsQ0kBTifBxawmwC6a9bVVFjr3AKmZtrZdwaZS/Xjq7iwPckOThvvQhSHx45szMmbPD7qZBFgZxZZaG263HkzkPljBexeTcahmmuRAibZomYdU1vacpiWhQTfjclE/miHwVtxMRCHIrI26PQpaBWKwTHkfVdRLPMGs1TJamzlxdiGVsPJ45/W6vD32v82QAPJ4Nk4hAl8Tpgj49nrUnw6Hb7YEz8nsDDXA93xk6f7Z9xx2BOyq3B@gwTenqILQ9cD6PIOVJeG0/YfreYNLTgW3P8//wetBxRxN30FPOUdfpPxmrjGQImWyyqaBx1jLChGUCLcvg6zhZsSiDa6j9YFuWpT5a6OLajq9rsNFiPAQczbo3LQg0YUqZaNTRO1uxUNCEwWciOt701qdL0oSdV2xSgrF@J11hNk7ChEcGHLx@oegqH5kGiUQ3oYv6Rq29izB80lwQIBAh07aMOzKnDI1BtpQ0u/6kI6OG7m86BXiCw18I9asq9d/lXvvLKwBFBwFdCVAFAdZULHTFKFFsOMlWMda/1l0WMcibliBbxHBeg0@6gZahwg25XiRacQIOo@JQxBZlMWVk38ChE5PbL1OcGMk8iRaGr1gZR4Q8lBlC96uUl0A/SOJHPNDuYYiyu@NfpSRFmcguSZdMpF2Db11HIyExRQV2x7JOCb7gD8kl7@N5UmQbOvZmg62OAkEfiMOE/H816pUbx4cwYIDDi3PKNij4nGaC8OydLnGsNy5T0@loy807fe@X0tqHgxYfwDSnjCcxCjyHgEWgtJYPL9cB7jawQMxRzqL@@Ul/laQwUj1oj7q61HsCv7EseUevSf5B5IPIB5H/LZHj0/S9nXN/AkxSQiJBMpHv@L5d9i3c8ZzRbgukTTjYUPMNcM2pIDErFp4TwCzhkMn6Gf2HQDKDQrlRLxfgjoqsUNL73@8BX8IqlTguQCSwDu6JNOCJh4A@pqBqu9zdH9RHxcaTcs0QbeVH5qm7lCRvyeCDi4Os@uKc3BXSlZ4vLq9U2Z8rLaXOiQK5Fsfw0qGrEG7CmGSQEg7SiQIXykXfrgirZD5TaFrN2mHYy@Xyg@w@XymqbkVkTviJZfEXBASCQSv/tga2XIndNW3Xukr0TUfN@ilyeWk1CL6aJNjxzNMU4KceXkvHP0s2nATRLrqK5zNec1MakwjkQU2F8cY8Nepqlox63XgpJ16Try4MI@/bgFrNAvvqEuw6vi/rYNuXAOr5Cp9tOWJgX9hGzs04JHNe@y4ydu3H6kXju9hst/@GsziYZ9uKe76tTB7@Aw Try it online!] counting CPU-Cycles 32 vs 31 on Ryzen Zen1 per Byte -> 100Mb/s
<
//http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_State_Rule_30;
//http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Rule30.html
{$IFDEF FPC}
{$Mode Delphi}{$ASMMODE INTEL}
{$OPTIMIZATION ON,ALL}
// {$CODEALIGN proc
{$ELSE}
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
Line 324 ⟶ 537:
maxRounds = 2*1000*1000;
rounds = 10;
var
Rule30_State : Uint64;
function GetCPU_Time: int64;
type
TCpu = record
HiCpu,
LoCpu : Dword;
end;
var
Cput : TCpu;
begin
asm
RDTSC;
MOV Dword Ptr [CpuT.LoCpu],EAX
MOV Dword Ptr [CpuT.HiCpu],EDX
end;
with Cput do
result := int64(HiCPU) shl 32 + LoCpu;
end;
procedure InitRule30_State;inline;
Line 346 ⟶ 575:
function NextRule30Byte:NativeInt;
//64-BIT can use many registers
//32-Bit still fast
var
run, prev,next: Uint64;
myOne : UInt64;
Begin
result := 0;
myOne := 1;
//Unrolling and inlining Next_State_Rule_30 by hand
result := (result+result) OR (
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
run := (next OR run) XOR prev;
result := (result+result) OR (run AND myOne);
next := ROLQword(run,1);
Prev := RORQword(run,1);
Rule30_State := (next OR run) XOR prev;
end;
procedure Speedtest;
var
T1,T0 :
i: NativeInt;
Begin
writeln('Speedtest for statesize of ',64,' bits');
//Warm up start
For i :=
Next_State_Rule_30;
T0 := GetCPU_Time;
InitRule30_State;
For i := maxRounds-1 downto 0 do
NextRule30Byte;
T1 :=
writeln(NextRule30Byte);
writeln(
writeln;
end;
Line 385 ⟶ 652:
writeln('The task ');
InitRule30_State;
For i := 1 to rounds do
write(NextRule30Byte:4);
writeln;
end;
Line 394 ⟶ 661:
Task;
write(' <ENTER> ');readln;
end.</
{{out}}
<pre>//compiled 64-Bit
Speedtest for statesize of 64 bits
44
cycles per Byte : 30.95
The task
Line 407 ⟶ 672:
<ENTER>
//
Speedtest for statesize of 64 bits
44
cycles per Byte : 128.56
The task
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151
<ENTER>
=={{header|Perl}}==
{{trans|
<
sub new {
my $class = shift;
Line 456 ⟶ 719:
}
print $sum, $n == 10 ? "\n" : " ";
}</
{{out}}
<pre>220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 240 241</pre>
Line 489 ⟶ 727:
and with the changes marked [2] C++, Haskell, Perl, Python, Ruby, Scheme, and Sidef, but completely different to Rust and Tcl.
No attempt to optimise.
<!--<syntaxhighlight lang="phix">(phixonline)-->
<span style="color: #008080;">with</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span>
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">--string s
<span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"...............................#"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">&</span>
<span style="color: #008000;">"................................"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span>
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">--string s = "#"&repeat('.',100), -- [2]</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"........"</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">rule</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">30</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">k</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">l</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span> <span style="color: #000000;">w</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #000000;">8</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008080;">iff</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">mod</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">rule</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)?</span><span style="color: #008000;">'#'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">:</span><span style="color: #008000;">'.'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">rule</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">floor</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">rule</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{}</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #000000;">80</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">w</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">w</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">32</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'#'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- w = w*2 + (s[1]='#') -- [2]</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">mod</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">8</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">&=</span><span style="color: #000000;">w</span> <span style="color: #000000;">w</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #000000;">l</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">k</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #008080;">iff</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">l</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">:</span><span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)]=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'#'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)*</span><span style="color: #000000;">4</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span> <span style="color: #000000;">j</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">]=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'#'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)*</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #008080;">iff</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">l</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">:</span><span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)]=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'#'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)+</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">k</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">t</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">pp</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--</syntaxhighlight>-->
{{out}}
<pre>
Line 525 ⟶ 766:
=={{header|Python}}==
===Python: With zero padded ends===
<
def rule30bytes(lencells=100):
Line 534 ⟶ 775:
if __name__ == '__main__':
print([b for i,b in zip(range(10), rule30bytes())])</
{{out}}
Line 541 ⟶ 782:
===Python: With wrapping of end cells===
<
cells = '1' + '0' * (lencells - 1)
gen = eca_wrap(cells, 30)
while True:
yield int(''.join(next(gen)[0] for i in range(8)), 2))</
{{out}}
Line 554 ⟶ 795:
Implementation of [[Elementary cellular automaton]] is saved in "Elementary_cellular_automata.rkt"
<
;; below is the code from the parent task
(require "Elementary_cellular_automata.rkt")
Line 593 ⟶ 834:
(number->string (C30-rand-64 256) 16)
(number->string (C30-rand-64 256) 16)
(number->string (C30-rand-64 256) 16))</
{{out}}
Line 602 ⟶ 843:
"6d85153a987dad6f013bc6159a41bf95b9d9b14af87733e17c702a3dc9052172"
"fc6fd302f5ea8f2fba6f476cfe9d090dc877dbd558e5afba49044d05b14d258"</pre>
=={{header|Raku}}==
(formerly Perl 6)
<syntaxhighlight lang="raku" line>class Automaton {
has $.rule;
has @.cells handles <AT-POS>;
has @.code = $!rule.fmt('%08b').flip.comb».Int;
method gist { "|{ @!cells.map({+$_ ?? '#' !! ' '}).join }|" }
method succ {
self.new: :$!rule, :@!code, :cells(
@!code[
4 «*« @!cells.rotate(-1)
»+« 2 «*« @!cells
»+« @!cells.rotate(1)
]
)
}
}
my Automaton $a .= new: :rule(30), :cells( flat 1, 0 xx 100 );
say :2[$a++[0] xx 8] xx 10;</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 240 241</pre>
=={{header|Ruby}}==
<
eca = ElemCellAutomat.new("1"+"0"*(size-1), 30)
eca.take(80).map{|line| line[0]}.each_slice(8){|bin| p bin.join.to_i(2)}</
{{out}}
<pre>
Line 620 ⟶ 887:
241
</pre>
=={{header|Rust}}==
<
//Assuming the code from the Elementary cellular automaton task is in the namespace.
fn main() {
Line 643 ⟶ 911:
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
157 209 228 58 87 195 212 106 147 244
</pre>
=={{header|Scheme}}==
<
; uses SRFI-1 library http://srfi.schemers.org/srfi-1/srfi-1.html
Line 669 ⟶ 938:
(random-r30 10)
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
Line 678 ⟶ 947:
=={{header|Sidef}}==
<
10.times {
Line 687 ⟶ 956:
};
say sum;
};</
{{out}}
<pre>
Line 704 ⟶ 973:
=={{header|Tcl}}==
{{works with|Tcl|8.6}}
<
superclass ElementaryAutomaton
variable s
Line 720 ⟶ 989:
return [scan [join $bits ""] %b]
}
}</
Demonstrating:
<
for {set r {}} {[llength $r]<10} {} {
lappend r [$rng rand]
}
puts [join $r ,]</
{{out}}
220,197,147,174,241,126,135,130,143,234
Note that as the number of state bits is increased (the parameter to the constructor), the sequence tends to a limit of <math>220,</math> <math>197,</math> <math>147,</math> <math>174,</math> <math>117,</math> <math>97,</math> <math>149,</math> <math>171,</math> <math>240,</math> <math>241,</math> <math>\ldots</math> and that deviations from this are due to interactions between the state modification “wavefront” as the automaton wraps round.
=={{header|Wren}}==
{{trans|Go}}
{{libheader|Wren-big}}
As Wren cannot deal accurately with 64-bit unsigned integers and bit-wise operations thereon, we need to use BigInt here.
<syntaxhighlight lang="wren">import "./big" for BigInt
var n = 64
var pow2 = Fn.new { |x| BigInt.one << x }
var evolve = Fn.new { |state, rule|
for (p in 0..9) {
var b = BigInt.zero
for (q in 7..0) {
var st = state.copy()
b = b | ((st & 1) << q)
state = BigInt.zero
for (i in 0...n) {
var t1 = (i > 0) ? st >> (i-1) : st >> 63
var t2 = (i == 0) ? st << 1 : (i == 1) ? st << 63 : st << (n+1-i)
var t3 = (t1 | t2) & 7
if ((pow2.call(t3) & rule) != BigInt.zero) state = state | pow2.call(i)
}
}
System.write(" %(b)")
}
System.print()
}
evolve.call(BigInt.one, 30)</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
220 197 147 174 117 97 149 171 100 151
</pre>
=={{header|zkl}}==
No attempts at extra credit and not fast.
<
fcn applyRule(rule,cells){
cells=String(cells[-1],cells,cells[0]); // wrap edges
Line 746 ⟶ 1,051:
}
n
}</
Note that "var" in a function is "static" in C, ie function local variables, initialized once.
<
{{out}}
<pre>220,197,147,174,117,97,149,171,100,151,</pre>
|