Apply a callback to an array: Difference between revisions
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== [[Ada]] == |
== [[Ada]] == |
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[[Category:Ada]] |
[[Category:Ada]] |
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'''Tested With:''' |
'''Tested With:''' |
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* [[Gnat GPL 2005]] |
* [[Gnat GPL 2005]] |
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** Amd-64bit-3500 |
** Amd-64bit-3500+-WinXP |
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with Ada.Text_Io; |
with Ada.Text_Io; |
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Line 93: | Line 93: | ||
{ |
{ |
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int i; |
int i; |
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for(i = 0; i < len; i |
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) |
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{ |
{ |
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callback(i, array[i]); |
callback(i, array[i]); |
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Line 116: | Line 116: | ||
'''Platform:''' [[.NET]] |
'''Platform:''' [[.NET]] |
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'''Language Version:''' 2.0 |
'''Language Version:''' 2.0+ |
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'''Compiler:''' [[Visual C sharp|Visual C#]] 2005 |
'''Compiler:''' [[Visual C sharp|Visual C#]] 2005 |
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Line 155: | Line 155: | ||
} |
} |
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==[[C plus plus|C |
==[[C plus plus|C++]]== |
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[[Category:C plus plus]] |
[[Category:C plus plus]] |
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'''Compiler:''' [[GNU Compiler Collection]] 4.1.1 |
'''Compiler:''' [[GNU Compiler Collection]] 4.1.1 |
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Line 171: | Line 171: | ||
int ary[]={1,2,3,4,5}; |
int ary[]={1,2,3,4,5}; |
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//stl for_each |
//stl for_each |
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std::for_each(ary,ary |
std::for_each(ary,ary+5,print_square); |
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return 0; |
return 0; |
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} |
} |
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Line 230: | Line 230: | ||
vector<int> ary(10); |
vector<int> ary(10); |
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int i = 0; |
int i = 0; |
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for_each(ary.begin(), ary.end(), _1 = |
for_each(ary.begin(), ary.end(), _1 = ++var(i)); // init array |
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transform(ary.begin(), ary.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "), _1 * _1); // square and output |
transform(ary.begin(), ary.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "), _1 * _1); // square and output |
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Line 267: | Line 267: | ||
(defvar *a* (vector 1 2 3)) |
(defvar *a* (vector 1 2 3)) |
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(map-into *a* #'1 |
(map-into *a* #'1+ *a*) |
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==[[E]]== |
==[[E]]== |
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Line 301: | Line 301: | ||
: map ( addr n fn -- ) |
: map ( addr n fn -- ) |
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-rot cells bounds do i @ over execute i ! cell |
-rot cells bounds do i @ over execute i ! cell +loop ; |
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Example usage: |
Example usage: |
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create data 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , |
create data 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , |
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data 5 ' 1 |
data 5 ' 1+ map \ adds one to each element of data |
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==[[Fortran]]== |
==[[Fortran]]== |
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Line 332: | Line 332: | ||
{square * . [id, id]} |
{square * . [id, id]} |
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& square: <1,2,3,4,5> |
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== [[Haskell]] == |
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[[Category:Haskell]] |
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'''Interpreter''' : [[GHC | GHCi]] |
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'''Compiler''' : [[GHC]] |
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let square x = x*x |
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let values = [1..10] |
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map square values |
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Using list comprehension to generate a list of the squared values |
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[square x | x <- values] |
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Using function composition to create a function that will print the squares of a list |
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let printSquares = putStr.unlines.map (show.square) |
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printSquares values |
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== [[IDL]] == |
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[[Category:IDL]] |
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Hard to come up with an example that isn't completely contrived. IDL doesn't really distinguish between a scalar and an array; thus |
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b = a^3 |
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will yield a scalar if a is scalar or a vector if a is a vector or an n-dimensional array is a is an n-dimensional array |
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== [[JavaScript]] == |
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[[Category:JavaScript]] |
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Portable technique: |
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function map(a, func) { |
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for (var i in a) |
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a[i] = func(a[i]); |
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} |
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var a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; |
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map(a, function(v) { return v * v; }); |
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With the [http://w3future.com/html/beyondJS/ BeyondJS] library: |
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var a = (1).to(10).collect(Math.pow.curry(undefined,2)); |
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With Firefox 2.0: |
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function cube(num) { |
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return Math.pow(num, 3); |
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} |
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var numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; |
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//get results of calling cube on every element |
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var cubes1 = numbers.map(cube); |
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//display each result in a separate dialog |
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cubes1.forEach(alert); |
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//array comprehension |
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var cubes2 = [cube(n) for each (n in numbers)]; |
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var cubes3 = [n * n * n for each (n in numbers)]; |
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==[[Lua]]== |
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[[Category:Lua]] |
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Say we have an array: |
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myArray = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} |
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A map function for this would be |
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map = function(f, data) |
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local result = {} |
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for k,v in ipairs(data) do |
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result[k] = f(v) |
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end |
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return result |
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end |
|||
Together with our array and and a square function this yields: |
|||
myFunc = function(x) return x*x end |
|||
print(unpack( map(myFunc, myArray) )) |
|||
--> 1 4 9 16 25 |
|||
If you used pairs() instead of ipairs(), this would even work on a hash table in general. |
|||
== [[OCaml]] == |
|||
[[Category:OCaml]] |
|||
This function is part of the standard library: |
|||
Array.map |
|||
Usage example: |
|||
let square x = x * x;; |
|||
let values = Array.init 10 ((+) 1);; |
|||
Array.map square values;; |
|||
==[[Perl]]== |
|||
[[Category:Perl]] |
|||
# create array |
|||
my @a = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5); |
|||
# create callback function |
|||
sub mycallback { |
|||
return 2 * shift; |
|||
} |
|||
# use array indexing |
|||
my $i; |
|||
for ($i = 0; $i < scalar @a; $i++) { |
|||
print "mycallback($a[$i]) = ", mycallback($a[$i]), "\n"; |
|||
} |
|||
# using foreach |
|||
foreach my $x (@a) { |
|||
print "mycallback($x) = ", mycallback($x), "\n"; |
|||
} |
|||
# using map (useful for transforming an array) |
|||
my @b = map mycallback($_), @a; # @b is now (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) |
|||
# and the same using an anonymous function |
|||
my @c = map { $_ * 2 } @a; # @c is now (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) |
|||
# use a callback stored in a variable |
|||
my $func = \&mycallback; |
|||
my @d = map &{$func}($_), @a; # @d is now (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) |
|||
==[[PHP]]== |
|||
[[Category:PHP]] |
|||
function cube($n) |
|||
{ |
|||
return($n * $n * $n); |
|||
} |
|||
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); |
|||
$b = array_map("cube", $a); |
|||
print_r($b); |
|||
== [[PL/SQL]] == |
|||
[[Category:PL/SQL]] |
|||
'''Interpreter''' : Oracle compiler |
|||
set serveroutput on |
|||
declare |
|||
type myarray is table of number index by binary_integer; |
|||
x myarray; |
|||
i pls_integer; |
|||
begin |
|||
-- populate array |
|||
for i in 1..5 loop |
|||
x(i) := i; |
|||
end loop; |
|||
i :=0; |
|||
-- square array |
|||
loop |
|||
i := i + 1; |
|||
begin |
|||
x(i) := x(i)*x(i); |
|||
dbms_output.put_line(x(i)); |
|||
exception |
|||
when no_data_found then exit; |
|||
end; |
|||
end loop; |
|||
end; |
|||
/ |
|||
==[[Pop11]]== |
|||
[[Category:Pop11]] |
|||
;;; Define a procedure |
|||
define proc(x); |
|||
printf(x*x, '%p,'); |
|||
enddefine; |
|||
;;; Create array |
|||
lvars ar = { 1 2 3 4 5}; |
|||
;;; Apply procedure to array |
|||
appdata(ar, proc); |
|||
If one wants to create a new array consisting of transformed values |
|||
then procedure mapdata may be more convenient. |
|||
== [[Python]] == |
|||
[[Category:Python]] |
|||
<pre> |
|||
def square(n): |
|||
return n * n |
|||
numbers = [1, 3, 5, 7] |
|||
squares1 = [square(n) for n in numbers] # list comprehension |
|||
squares2 = map(square, numbers) # discouraged nowadays |
|||
squares3 = [n * n for n in numbers] # no need for a function, |
|||
# anonymous or otherwise |
|||
isquares = (n * n for n in numbers) # iterator, lazy |
|||
</pre> |
|||
==[[Ruby]]== |
|||
[[Category:Ruby]] |
|||
# You could use a traditional "for i in arr" approach like below: |
|||
for i in [1,2,3,4,5] do |
|||
puts i**2 |
|||
end |
|||
# Or you could the more preferred ruby way of an iterator (which is borrowed from SmallTalk) |
|||
[1,2,3,4,5].each{ |i| puts i**2 } |
|||
# To create a new array of each value squared |
|||
[1,2,3,4,5].map{ |i| i**2 } |
|||
==[[Scala]]== |
|||
[[Category:Scala]] |
|||
val l = List(1,2,3,4) |
|||
l.foreach {i => Console.println(i)} |
|||
Same for an array |
|||
val a = Array(1,2,3,4) |
|||
a.foreach {i => Console.println(i)} |
|||
// Or for an externally defined function |
|||
def doSomething(in: int) = {Console.println("Doing something with "+in)} |
|||
l.foreach(doSomething) |
|||
There is also a ''for'' syntax, which is internally rewritten to call foreach. A foreach method must be define on ''a'' |
|||
for(val i <- a) Console.println(i) |
|||
It is also possible to apply a function on each item of an list to get a new list (same on array and most collections) |
|||
val squares = l.map{i => i * i} //returns List(1,4,9,16) |
|||
Or the equivalent ''for'' syntax, with the additional keyword ''yield'', map is called instead of foreach |
|||
val squares = for (val i <- l) yield i * i |
|||
== [[Scheme]] == |
|||
[[Category:Scheme]] |
|||
(define (square n) (* n n)) |
|||
(define x '(1 2 3 4 5)) |
|||
(map square x) |
|||
''Please fix: '(1 2 3 4 5) is a list, not a vector'' |
|||
A single-line variation |
|||
(map (lambda (n) (* n n)) '(1 2 3 4 5)) |
|||
For completeness, the <tt>map</tt> function (which is R5RS standard) can be coded as follows: |
|||
(define (map f L) |
|||
(if (null? L) |
|||
L |
|||
(cons (f (car L)) (map f (cdr L))))) |
|||
== [[Smalltalk]] == |
|||
[[Category:Smalltalk]] |
|||
| anArray | |
|||
anArray = #( 1 2 3 4 5 ) |
|||
anArray do: [ :x | Transcript nextPut: x * x ] |
|||
== [[Tcl]] == |
|||
[[Category:Tcl]] |
|||
If I wanted to call "<tt>myfunc</tt>" on each element of <tt>dat</tt> and <tt>dat</tt> were a list: |
|||
foreach var $dat { myfunc $var } |
|||
if <tt>dat</tt> were an array, however: |
|||
foreach var [array names dat] { myfunc $dat($var) } |
|||
== [[Toka]] == |
|||
[[Category:Toka]] |
|||
( array count function -- ) |
|||
{ |
|||
variable| array fn | |
|||
[ i 1- array @ ] is I |
|||
[ fn ! swap array ! [ I get-element fn @ invoke I put-element ] +iterate ] |
|||
} is map-array |
|||
( Build an array ) |
|||
5 cells is-array a |
|||
10 0 a put-element |
|||
11 1 a put-element |
|||
12 2 a put-element |
|||
13 3 a put-element |
|||
14 4 a put-element |
|||
( Add 1 to each item in the array ) |
|||
a 5 ` 1+ map-array |